3. H. Hoover (Republican)H. Hoover (Republican) FDR (Democrat)FDR (Democrat)
VS.VS.
Hoover, that’sHoover, that’s
a whole lot ofa whole lot of
ResponsibilityResponsibility!!
Here youHere you
go Frank!go Frank!
Franklin Delano RooseveltFranklin Delano Roosevelt
4. 1932 - Presidential Election1932 - Presidential Election
Greatest Democratic Victory in 80 yearsGreatest Democratic Victory in 80 years
12 years12 years
5. -- “The only thing we have
to Fear is Fear itself."
AMERICA GETS BACK TO WORKAMERICA GETS BACK TO WORK
6. : A New Deal fights the depression
• FDR carefully assembles a team…FDR carefully assembles a team…
““Brain TrustBrain Trust” =” =
A select group of professors, lawyers, andA select group of professors, lawyers, and
journalists, who would advise FDR duringjournalists, who would advise FDR during
his presidencyhis presidency.
19331933 --
19451945
Rexford G. TugwellRexford G. Tugwell
7. New DealNew Deal
== Program designed toProgram designed to
alleviate thealleviate the
problems of theproblems of the
Great Depression.Great Depression.
1.1. Relief for the needyRelief for the needy
2.2. Economic RecoveryEconomic Recovery
3.3. Financial ReformFinancial Reform
8. “The Hundred Days”
= A period of intense activity,
where congress passed
more than (15) major pieces
of New Deal Legislation.
9. TO DO LIST:TO DO LIST:
##1-1- Regulating Bank and FinanceRegulating Bank and Finance
• Emergency Relief ActEmergency Relief Act ==
Shut down all banks forShut down all banks for
inspection.inspection.
• Glass- Steagall Act =
Established the Federal
Deposit Insurance
Corporation (FDIC). Insured
bank accounts up to $5,000.
• Reassured millions of Banks.
• “Money was safe”.
10. • Fireside Chats =
Radio talks about issues of public concern.
““Golden Age of Radio”Golden Age of Radio”
11. Stock MarketStock Market
• Federal Securities Act =
Required corporations to provide complete information
on all stock offerings; making them liable.
• Security and Exchange Commission =
Regulate the stock market, preventing inside trading
“rigging”.
• 1933, – 21st amendment repeals prohibition.1933, – 21st amendment repeals prohibition.
12. Helping the American PeopleHelping the American People
• FarmersFarmers
(Perhaps the hardest hit)(Perhaps the hardest hit)
• Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) =
Raised crop prices by paying farmers to lower
production
(leave a certain amount of land alone).(leave a certain amount of land alone).
13. • Providing Work Projects (“Alphabet Agencies”)Providing Work Projects (“Alphabet Agencies”)
− Civilian “Conservation” Corps (CCC) =
Young men 18-25, put to work building parks, bridges,
planting trees, soil - erosion and flood control projects..
(ex) reforestation, dam construction(ex) reforestation, dam construction
− National Industrial Recovery ActNational Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)(NIRA) ==
Provided money to create jobs constructing schools andProvided money to create jobs constructing schools and
other community buildings.other community buildings.
(ex) hospitals, libraries, r. centers, etc.(ex) hospitals, libraries, r. centers, etc.
14.
15. The New Deal Comes under AttackThe New Deal Comes under Attack
• John Maynard Keynes.
Mixed economy — predominantly private sector, but with a
significant role of government and public sector.
− “Spending money to make money”
• Deficit Spending =
Spending more money than the government receives
in revenue.
− (ex) Stimulus Package; putting money in the hands of(ex) Stimulus Package; putting money in the hands of
consumers.consumers.
− ““A necessary evil to be used only at a time of Great EconomicA necessary evil to be used only at a time of Great Economic
crisis”.crisis”.
18. • Although the economyAlthough the economy
had improved during FDR’shad improved during FDR’s
first term (1932-1936), thefirst term (1932-1936), the
gains were not as great asgains were not as great as
expected.expected.
• Unemployment remainedUnemployment remained
high and production stillhigh and production still
lagged.lagged.
19. 1932 - Presidential Election
Greatest Democratic Victory in 80 yearsGreatest Democratic Victory in 80 years
12 years12 years
20. ROOSEVELT (RED) VS. LANDON (BLUE) 1936 - ELECTIONROOSEVELT (RED) VS. LANDON (BLUE) 1936 - ELECTION
19361936
21. The 2The 2ndnd
New Deal takes HoldNew Deal takes Hold
• Workers Progress Administration (WPA) =
Create as many jobs as fast as possible
($11 billion ~ building roads, airports, public
buildings).
• Farm Security AdministrationFarm Security Administration (FSA) =(FSA) =
$1 billion to help farmers buy land.$1 billion to help farmers buy land.
22. • National Youth Administration (NYA) =
Provide education, jobs, counseling, and
recreation for young people.
23. Improving Labor and other
reforms
• Wagner ActWagner Act = Prohibited unfair labor= Prohibited unfair labor
practices (threatening, harassing, interferingpractices (threatening, harassing, interfering
with union organizing).with union organizing).
• Fair Labor Standards ActFair Labor Standards Act = 40 hrs work week,= 40 hrs work week,
minimum wage, work at age 16.minimum wage, work at age 16.
26. • The Social Security Act = (3) parts,
1. Insurance for retirees age 65+ and their spouses.
2. Unemployment compensation.
3. Aid to families with dependent children /
disabled.
•National Labor Relations Board
(NLRB) = labor union representation
and with investigating and remedying
unfair labor practices.
27. The New Deal affects many Groups
• Women make their mark
− Eleanor Roosevelt = Social reformer & humanitarian,
traveled the nation observing and reminding FDR
about the nation’s social conditions.
− Appoint women to office.
29. • African American activism
− Mary Mcleod Bethune =
Division Head of Negro Affairs, promoted
opportunities for young African Americans.
• Organized a “Black Cabinet” that addressed racial
issues
• (Mexican-American fortunes, Native- Americans).(Mexican-American fortunes, Native- Americans).
30. Sec. 4: Culture in the 1930’sSec. 4: Culture in the 1930’s
• Pictures, Radio, Movies, Art, WritersPictures, Radio, Movies, Art, Writers
MOVIES:MOVIES:
• By the late 1930s, 65% of Americans wereBy the late 1930s, 65% of Americans were
attending the movies at least once perattending the movies at least once per
week at one of the nation’s 15,000 movieweek at one of the nation’s 15,000 movie
theaterstheaters
• Comedies, lavish musicals, love stories andComedies, lavish musicals, love stories and
gangster films dominated the moviegangster films dominated the movie
industryindustry
31. MOVIEMOVIE
• A new era of glamour inA new era of glamour in
Hollywood was launched withHollywood was launched with
stars like Clark Gable, Marlenestars like Clark Gable, Marlene
Dietrich and James CagneyDietrich and James Cagney
STARS
1930s
32. FAMOUS FILMS OF THE 30sFAMOUS FILMS OF THE 30s
• One of the most famousOne of the most famous
films of the era wasfilms of the era was GoneGone
with the Windwith the Wind (1939)(1939)
• Other notable movies ofOther notable movies of
the era includedthe era included TheThe
Wizard of OzWizard of Oz (1939) and(1939) and
Snow White and theSnow White and the
Seven Dwarfs (1937)Seven Dwarfs (1937)
33. RADIO:RADIO:
THETHE
ORIGINALORIGINAL
ENTERTAINMENTENTERTAINMENT
• Sales of radios greatlySales of radios greatly
increased in the 1930s,increased in the 1930s,
from 13 million in 1930from 13 million in 1930
to 28 million by 1940to 28 million by 1940
• Nearly 90% ofNearly 90% of
American homesAmerican homes
owned a radioowned a radio Families spent hours listening toFamilies spent hours listening to
the radiothe radio
34. FAMOUS RADIO MOMENTSFAMOUS RADIO MOMENTS
• Orson Welles created aOrson Welles created a
radio special calledradio special called War ofWar of
the Worldsthe Worlds
• It was an epic dramaIt was an epic drama
about alienabout alienss landing inlanding in
AmericaAmerica
• Unfortunately, manyUnfortunately, many
thought it was a newsthought it was a news
broadcast and panickedbroadcast and panicked
35. LIVE NEWSLIVE NEWS
COVERAGECOVERAGE
• Radio captured newsRadio captured news
as well as providingas well as providing
entertainment.entertainment.
• One of the firstOne of the first
worldwide broadcastsworldwide broadcasts
was the horrific crashwas the horrific crash
of theof the Hindenburg,Hindenburg, aa
German ZeppelinGerman Zeppelin
(blimp), in New Jersey(blimp), in New Jersey
on May 6, 1937.on May 6, 1937.
• Such immediate newsSuch immediate news
coverage became acoverage became a
staple in society.staple in society.
The Hindenburg caught fire and was
utterly destroyed within a minute Of the
97 people on board, 13 passengers and
22 crew-members were killed
36. ART DURINGART DURING
THE GREAT DEPRESSIONTHE GREAT DEPRESSION
• The Federal Art ProjectThe Federal Art Project
(branch of the WPA)(branch of the WPA)
paid artists a livingpaid artists a living
wage to produce artwage to produce art
• Projects includedProjects included
murals, posters andmurals, posters and
booksbooks
• Much of the art, musicMuch of the art, music
and literature wasand literature was
sober and serioussober and seriousWPA Art – “Democracy . . .a
Challenge” – artist, date unknown
37. ARTISTSARTISTS
HERALDEDHERALDED
• Painters like EdwardPainters like Edward
Hopper, Thomas HartHopper, Thomas Hart
Benton, and Iowa’s GrantBenton, and Iowa’s Grant
Wood were all madeWood were all made
famous by their work infamous by their work in
the WPA programthe WPA program
• Photographer DorotheaPhotographer Dorothea
Lange gained fame fromLange gained fame from
her photos during this eraher photos during this era
(featured throughout this(featured throughout this
presentationpresentation) Wood’s American Gothic is perhaps the most
famous piece of the era (1930)
38. Ch.23Ch.23
•Building Vocab A + BBuilding Vocab A + B
•Sec 1. A + BSec 1. A + B
•Sec. 3 #’s 1- 6Sec. 3 #’s 1- 6
•Sec. 5 #’s 1 - 5Sec. 5 #’s 1 - 5
39. Test Paper ReturnTest Paper Return
(ch.19 – 22)(ch.19 – 22)
• Grade Calculation formula:Grade Calculation formula:
• 77 – (**) = ______ x 2 =77 – (**) = ______ x 2 = Your GradeYour Grade
How ever many # ofHow ever many # of
wrong you havewrong you have
40. Quiz # 14 (Ch. 23, sec. 1)Quiz # 14 (Ch. 23, sec. 1)
1.1. Use more money than the government receives. (D S)Use more money than the government receives. (D S)
2.2. Shut down all banks for inspection. (E R A)Shut down all banks for inspection. (E R A)
3.3. A period of intense activity, where congress passed more thanA period of intense activity, where congress passed more than
(15) major pieces of New Deal Legislation. (# ______ )(15) major pieces of New Deal Legislation. (# ______ )
4.4. Program designed to alleviate the problems of the GreatProgram designed to alleviate the problems of the Great
Depression. (N D)Depression. (N D)
5.5. Raised crop prices by paying farmers to lower productionRaised crop prices by paying farmers to lower production
(A A A )(A A A )
6.6. Radio talks about issues of public concern. (F C)Radio talks about issues of public concern. (F C)
7.7. Proposed “Share – Our – Wealth“ (H L)Proposed “Share – Our – Wealth“ (H L)
8.8. Established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).Established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
(G S A)(G S A)
9.9. A select group of professors, lawyers, and journalists, who wouldA select group of professors, lawyers, and journalists, who would
advise FDR during his presidency. (B T)advise FDR during his presidency. (B T)
10.10. Young men 18-25, put to work building parks, bridges, plantingYoung men 18-25, put to work building parks, bridges, planting
trees, soil - erosion and flood control projects.trees, soil - erosion and flood control projects.
( C C C )( C C C )
41. AgendaAgenda
Sec. 1: A New Deal fights the depressionSec. 1: A New Deal fights the depression
Sec. 2: The Second New Deal takes holdSec. 2: The Second New Deal takes hold
Sec. 3: The New Deal affects many groupsSec. 3: The New Deal affects many groups
Sec. 4: Culture in the 1930’sSec. 4: Culture in the 1930’s
Sec.5: The Impact of the New DealSec.5: The Impact of the New Deal
11
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