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Primer on password security

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This is presentation on password security delivered at security conference at IIT Guwahti, India. It discusses and throws light on following areas Part I - Operating System, Cryptography & Password Recovery Part II - Password Cracking/Recovery Techniques Part III – Advanced Password Stealing Methods Part IV - Why they are after you and Tips for Protection !

Tecnologia
1 de 42
Primer on Password Security NagareshwarTalekar www.SecurityXploded.com tnagareshwar@gmail.com
Contents ,[object Object]
Part II - Password Cracking/Recovery Techniques
Part III – Advanced Password Stealing Methods
Part IV - Why they are after you and Tips for Protection !2 www.SecurityXploded.com
Part I Operating System, Cryptography & Password Recovery 3 www.SecurityXploded.com
Windows Login Password Secrets ,[object Object]
Windows NT onwards stores the login password into registry hive files named 'SYSTEM' and 'SAM' at following locationC:indowsystem32onfig 4 www.SecurityXploded.com
Windows Login Password Secrets ,[object Object]
SAM hive file refers to registry location HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINEAM ,[object Object],HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINEYSTEM ,[object Object]
Login Passwords are encrypted using one way hash algorithm known as LM/NTLM
Code Injection technique is used to dump these password hashes from System Process - LSASS.EXE5 www.SecurityXploded.com
Windows Login Password Recovery - I ,[object Object],Dumping the LM/NTLM password hashes of users using pwdump/lc5/cain&abel tools Recovering the password using Online/RainbowCrack/BruteForce method. ,[object Object],Boot via Backtrack, mount the system partition and use chntpw tool to reset password. ,[object Object],Boot from BackTrack or any Live CD Copy SYSTEM & SAM files from Windowsystem32onfig folder Now on another system, use Cain&Abel/LC5 tool to get LM/NTLM hashes from these files Finally get the original password using Online/RainbowCrack/BruteForce method. 6 www.SecurityXploded.com
Windows Login Password Recovery - II ,[object Object],7 www.SecurityXploded.com
Windows Login Password Recovery - III ,[object Object]
Login to any windows system without entering password using Kon-Boot
It dynamically modifies Windows kernel to bypass authentication
Remote System Password Recovery
Use pwdump tool to remotely dump the password hashes from live system
Then recover the password using Online/RainbowCrack/BruteForce Method
You need to know admin password of remote system.8 www.SecurityXploded.com
Linux Login Password Secrets & Recovery ,[object Object]
/etc/password contains only user login related info and encrypted password is actually stored in /etc/shadow file.
Contents of /etc/password smithj:x:561:561:Joe Smith:/home/smithj:/bin/bash ,[object Object],smithj:Ep6mckrOLChF.:10063:0:99999:7::: ,[object Object],9 www.SecurityXploded.com
Operating System & Cryptography ,[object Object]
User Login credentials are used to keep it isolated and protected from other users.
Makes it easy & transparent for any application to use it.
Apps do not have to worry about security of sensitive data.
Windows - DPAPI & Credential Store
Linux
KDE => Kwallet
GNOME => Keyring
MAC - KeyChain10 www.SecurityXploded.com
Windows Cryptography Internals ,[object Object]
Uses strong Triple-DES algorithm, SHA-1 algorithm and PBKDF2 password-based key derivation routine
Uses large secret sizes to greatly reduce the possibility of brute-force attacks to compromise the secrets
Only Logged in user can decrypt his/her previously encrypted data
It is possible to recover password from the disk if that user's login credential is known.
Using DPAPI from Your Application [user specific]
CryptProtectData - Encrypt your Password
CryptUnprotectData - Decrypt your Password11 www.SecurityXploded.com
Windows Cryptography Internals ,[object Object]

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Notas do Editor

  1. note => they do smaller trasactions some times less than 50$ so that it go unnoticed