Volcanoes PowerPoint

4. -Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Don’t skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn.

5. • RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. • BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

6. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Website Link:

8. • Volcanoes Available Sheet that follows slideshow for classwork.

11. • Activity! Making a volcanic island chain. 1.) Give one volunteer a large colored marker. 2.) Create a crack big enough for the pencil to poke through between the lab tables. 3.) Group members move ocean plate (poster size paper) toward clock very slowly and curve it. -Movement needs to be 5 minutes from start to finish 4.) Person under table touches marker to paper every thirty seconds for five minutes. 5.) Make first circles largest, and last circles the smallest. At end neaten island chain. 6.) Sketch results in journal when complete. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

47. • Where is a new Hawaiian Island forming?

54.  Hawaii is caused by a hot spot: A location above an upwelling of magma from the mantle. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Hawaii’s Hot Spot. Learn more at… http://www.marinebio.net/marinescience/02ocea n/hwgeo.htm

55. • You can now complete this question on the bundled homework.

56. • You can now complete this question on the bundled homework.

60. • Video Link! (Optional) Old Faithful Geyser – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tyyH_15PabA

61. • How a geyser works. (Optional) – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4zA_YPCyHs

68. • Supervolcano:

69. • Supervolcano: A volcano capable of producing a super volcanic eruption with ejecta greater than 1000 cubic kilometers.

72. • Yellowstone’s Burning Question? – Please read article and answer one question? – Are we in serious danger?

73. • Yellowstone’s Burning Question? – Please read article and answer one question? – Are we in serious danger? – Answer: It does not appear that we are in any serious danger. A long time from now, this supervolcano will erupt and cause serious devastation.

74. • Yellowstone’s Burning Question? – Please read article and answer one question? – Are we in serious danger? – Answer: It does not appear that we are in any serious danger. A long time from now, this supervolcano will erupt and cause serious devastation in N. America and worldwide.

81. • Picture of Super volcano on Jupiter’s moon Io. Learn more about the Yellowstone Super volcano at.. http://dsc.discovery.com/convergence/supervolcano/supervolcano. html

90. A catastrophic Supervolcano eruption deals with which big Idea?

91. A supervolcanic eruption would challenge civilization as we know it. Volcanoes are dangerous.

92. A supervolcanic eruption would challenge civilization as we know it. Volcanoes are dangerous.

95. • The rest of the United States would be buried in 1 meter of Ash. – The global climate would shift for many years as dust clouds would block out the sun. – Agriculture would become difficult. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

103. • Video Link! (Optional) Supervolcanoes – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7as7Ej_U6y U (46:00 Minutes)

106. • Activity! Google Earth, Visiting Volcanoes as we cover them. – http://www.google.com/earth/index.html

108. • Mt Etna in Italy

109. • Mt Etna in Italy

110. • Mt Pinatubo – Indonesia

116. • Mt Rainer in Washington State

117. • Mount Saint Helens

127. • Video Link! Mt. Saint Helens Eruption. – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-H_HZVY1tT4

130. Note: Although difficult, Volcanologist can use data to predict when a volcano may erupt. Seismometers can be used to pinpoint earthquakes which track the rise of magma and its movement along fissures. The tilt of the mountain can also be used as well as instruments that collect gas samples.

131. Note: Although difficult, Volcanologist can use data to predict when a volcano may erupt. Seismometers can be used to pinpoint earthquakes which track the rise of magma and its movement along fissures. The tilt of the mountain can also be used as well as instruments that collect gas samples. Learn more about predicting volcanic eruptions at… http://volcanoworld.wordpress.com/2009/03/06/how -do-volcanologists-predict-volcanic-eruptions/ Neat activities / readings about volcanic eruption predicting found at… http://www.ck12.org/earth- science/Predicting-Volcanic-Eruptions/

132. • Stromboli – Mediterranean Sea

133. • Surtsey – Iceland – A new island formed very quickly.

134. • Surtsey – Iceland – A new island formed very quickly.

135. • Kilauea – Hawaii (Big Island – Only active)

136. • Mt. Vesuvius – Erupted violently August 24, 79 AD – Molten debris engulfed the surrounding area. – Suffocating the inhabitants of the neighboring Roman cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Stabiae. – The cities remained buried and undiscovered for almost 1700 years until excavated. – These excavations continue today and provide insight into life during the Roman Empire

137. • Mt. Vesuvius – Erupted violently August 24, 79 AD – Molten debris engulfed the surrounding area. – Suffocating the inhabitants of the neighboring Roman cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Stabiae. – The cities remained buried and undiscovered for almost 1700 years until excavated. – These excavations continue today and provide insight into life during the Roman Empire

138. • Mt. Vesuvius – Molten debris engulfed the surrounding area. – Suffocating the inhabitants of the neighboring Roman cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Stabiae. – The cities remained buried and undiscovered for almost 1700 years until excavated. – These excavations continue today and provide insight into life during the Roman Empire

139. • Mt. Vesuvius – Suffocating the inhabitants of the neighboring Roman cities of Pompeii, Herculaneum and Stabiae. – The cities remained buried and undiscovered for almost 1700 years until excavated. – These excavations continue today and provide insight into life during the Roman Empire

140. • Mt. Vesuvius – The cities remained buried and undiscovered for almost 1700 years until excavated. – These excavations continue today and provide insight into life during the Roman Empire

141. • Mt. Vesuvius – These excavations continue today and provide insight into life during the Roman Empire

142. • Mt. Vesuvius – The eruption claimed many lives. Many of the inhabitants were preserved under the volcanic debris.

146. • Mt. Vesuvius – Millions currently live next to this active volcano.

149. • Video Link! Mt Vesuvius and Pompeii – http://penkat.com/video/73 Learn more at… http://science.nationalgeograph ic.com/science/archaeology/po mpeii/

150. • Why do volcanoes erupt?

151. • Why do volcanoes erupt? • When rock from the mantle melts, it moves to the surface through the crust, and releases pent-up gases which can erupt.

152. • Activity! Volcanic Explosion. – A volcano is a lot like a bottle of soda exploding. – Like soda, molten earth contains gases. – These gases create a frothy cloudy explosion. – Note the air spaces in the volcanic rock Pumice.

153. • Activity! Volcanic Explosion. – A volcano is a lot like a bottle of soda exploding. – Like soda, molten earth contains gases. – These gases create a frothy cloudy explosion. – Note the air spaces in the volcanic rock Pumice. – Enjoy the eruption! “Let’s go outside.” – Make tube to drop entire pack at once.

154. • Krakatoa - Indonesia Top Ten Volcanoes from TIME Magazine. Learn more at… http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0,29569, 2014572,00.html

157. • The cataclysmic explosion of Krakatoa was heard as far away as Western Australia, about 1,930 miles. – 36,417 (official toll) people died. – 13,000 times the yield of the atomic bomb that devastated Hiroshima, Japan. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

161. • The cataclysmic explosion of Krakatoa was heard as far away as Western Australia, about 1,930 miles. – 36,417 (official toll) people died. – 13,000 times the yield of the atomic bomb that devastated Hiroshima, Japan. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy New Island forming, called Anak Krakata. (Child of Krakatoa).

162. • Video Link! Anak Krakata in HD – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXzQT52Sdec

163. • Mt Fuji – Japan – Most photographed Mountain in the world.

164. • Paricutin – Mexico (Started off as a crack in a corn field)

171. • Can set-up Venn Diagram (Optional)

173.  Destruction and death.

176. • Indonesian Mud Volcano.

177. • Mud volcanoes are built by a mixture of hot water and fine sediment (mud and clay) that is forced to the surface.

181. • Engineers are trying to plug hole with concrete balls.

182. • They are also pumping the mud / water into the river nearby which is causing problems to the local fishery.

183. • Volcanoes Available Sheet to answer reading for Indonesian Mud Volcano Disaster

184. • Reading. Indonesian Mud Volcano – Found in activities folder.

185. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – Who, what, where, when, why? – How did this mud volcano happen? – Are the scientist studying this volcano from the oil company being accurate? – You are the president of the mining company that caused the mud volcano. What would you do?

186. • Video Link after reading about the Mud Volcano. – Reading in activities folder with questions. – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g6ypm24quhA

187. • Reading and video about the Mud Volcano. – Reading in activities folder with questions. – Video Link! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g6ypm24quhA

188. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – Who, What, Where, When, Why?

189. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – Who, What, Where, When, Why? • Who? Local people, Mud Volcano, Lapindo Drilling Company, scientists, Indonesian government. • What? Mud volcano is destroying town, caused by by drilling. • Where?: East Java Indonesia • When?: 2006 to present • Why? Drilling triggered the eruption.

195. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – How did this Mud Volcano happen?

196. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – How did this Mud Volcano happen? – The drilling company created a bore hole that started the mud volcano.

197. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – How did this Mud Volcano happen? – The drilling company created a bore hole that started the mud volcano. • We know this b/c the company poured heavy mud into the bore hole it drilled to slow eruption.

198. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – How did this Mud Volcano happen? – The drilling company created a bore hole that started the mud volcano. • We know this b/c the company poured heavy mud into the bore hole it drilled to slow eruption. – The drilled bore hole connects to the mud volcano.

199. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – Are the scientist studying this volcano from the oil company being accurate?

200. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – Are the scientist studying this volcano from the oil company being accurate? • No, the scientists worked for the oil company and claimed an earthquake 175 miles away could have caused the volcano.

201. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – Are the scientist studying this volcano from the oil company being accurate? • No, the scientists worked for the oil company and claimed an earthquake 175 miles away could have caused the volcano. – Remember, the drilling company pumped heavier mud into the bore hole they drilled to slow the flow of mud.

202. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – You are the president of the mining company that caused the mud volcano. What would you do?

203. • Questions: Please answer these questions in your journal or on your sheet. – You are the president of the mining company that caused the mud volcano. What would you do? • The drilling company has given 600 million dollars to clean up and relocation. This is not a lot of money compared to the damage caused. Lapindo Brantas continues to make millions and be a large part of the government.

206. Image search key words: mud volcano Indonesia

209. • Disruption of transportation –Video Link: Ash cloud disrupts air travel.

210. • Disruption of transportation –Video Link: Ash cloud disrupts air travel. 59 minute video of Icelandic Volcano and disruption of air travel at… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=blDXgde1Tpg

220. • Tambura 1815: The year without summer

236. • Diamond mine / pit in Africa

238. • Mirny Diamond Mine, Serbia

239. • Mirny Diamond Mine, Serbia Note: These diamond mine pits were formed from past geologic events and unevenly distributed around the planet.

240. • Sulfur mining: A horrible job

260. The big Idea that volcanoes fertilize the earth and created the atmosphere deals with…?

262. The creation of the atmosphere from volcanoes dates billion of years ago

263. The Earth’s atmosphere has changed as a result of volcanoes.

264. Volcanoes cycle Carbon and Sulfur on our planet which are necessary for plant and animal survival.

265. Today’s volcanoes behave in the same way that volcanoes from millions of years ago do.

267. • Activity! Tic-Tac-Toe Volcano and the atmosphere. – Teacher to minimize from slideshow. – Students “X” go first and must read the entire horizontal row and name the square they want to put answer in. – Teacher “O” will also read horizontal box.

268. 1st atmosphere H and He from solar nebula Lost to solar wind 2nd atmosphere H20, CO2 and SO2 from From Volcanoes Transformed by photosynthesis Current atmosphere N2, O2, from photosynthesis and constant N2 production Nitrogen fixing + continued photosynthesis Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

273.  Tourism

274.  Tourism

275.  Tourism Hope I’m the only one at the top

276.  Tourism Hope I’m the only one at the top

278. • Which of the following is not a negative of volcanoes? A.) Death and Destruction. B.) Loss of land and permanent loss of structures. C.) Release of healthy gases. D.) Eruptions can have a tremendous impact on global climate. E.) Mass extinctions. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

282. • Which of the following is not a positive of volcanoes? • A.) New Land is formed. • B.) Release of healthy gases. • C.) Many gems and ores worth $. • D.) Hominids used obsidian (cutting tools) to advance. • E.) Volcanic ash fertilizes land. • F.) Volcanic eruptions destroyed oceans and early atmosphere. • G.)Tourism. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

285. • Which of the following is not a positive of volcanoes? • A.) New Land is formed. • B.) Release of healthy gases. • C.) Many gems and ores worth $. • D.) Hominids used obsidian (cutting tools) to advance. • E.) Volcanic ash fertilizes land. • F.) Volcanic eruptions formed oceans and early atmosphere. • G.)Tourism. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

287. • Which of the following is not a negative of volcanoes? A.) Death and Destruction. B.) New land is formed C.) Release of poisonous gases. D.) Eruptions can have a tremendous impact on global climate. E.) Mass extinctions. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

290. • Which of the following is not a negative of volcanoes? A.) Death and Destruction. B.) Loss of land and permanent loss of structures. C.) Release of poisonous gases. D.) Eruptions can have a tremendous impact on global climate. E.) Mass extinctions. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

292. • Which of the following is not a positive of volcanoes? • A.) New Land is formed. • B.) Release of healthy gases. • C.) Many gems and ores worth $. • D.) Hominids used obsidian (cutting tools) to advance. • E.) Volcanic ash destroys land forever. • F.) Volcanic eruptions formed oceans and early atmosphere. • G.)Tourism. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

295. • Which of the following is not a positive of volcanoes? • A.) New Land is formed. • B.) Release of healthy gases. • C.) Many gems and ores worth $. • D.) Hominids used obsidian (cutting tools) to advance. • E.) Volcanic ash fertilizes the land. • F.) Volcanic eruptions formed oceans and early atmosphere. • G.)Tourism. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

297. • Which of the following is not a positive of volcanoes? • A.) New Land is formed. • B.) Release of healthy gases. • C.) Many gems and ores worth $. • D.) Hominids used obsidian (cutting tools) to advance. • E.) Volcanic ash fertilizes the land. • F.) Volcanic eruptions formed oceans and early atmosphere. • G.) Death and Destruction. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

298. • Which of the following is not a positive of volcanoes? • A.) New Land is formed. • B.) Release of healthy gases. • C.) Many gems and ores worth $. • D.) Hominids used obsidian (cutting tools) to advance. • E.) Volcanic ash fertilizes the land. • F.) Volcanic eruptions formed oceans and early atmosphere. • G.) Death and Destruction. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

299. • Which of the following is not a positive of volcanoes? • A.) New Land is formed. • B.) Release of healthy gases. • C.) Many gems and ores worth $. • D.) Hominids used obsidian (cutting tools) to advance. • E.) Volcanic ash fertilizes the land. • F.) Volcanic eruptions formed oceans and early atmosphere. • G.) Tourism Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. MurphyCopyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

301. • You can now complete this question.

302. • You can now complete this question.

310. • Olympus Mons on the planet Mars was an active shield volcano. – Largest volcano / Mt in the solar system.

311.  Dome

312.  Dome

313.  Dome

314.  Dome

315.  Dome Slow release of highly viscous silica-rich magma. Doesn’t flow well and travels slow

316.  Ash Cinder Erupting gases carry lava into the atmosphere to form lava fountains. The lava blobs commonly solidify during flight through the air before landing on the ground.

317.  Ash Cinder

337.  Caldera Volcano: Large crater caused by the violent explosion of a volcano that collapses into a depression.

346. • Video Link! What type of volcano are we looking at? – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VG3YunIcZ54

361. • Bonus! Who is this falling into the volcano within Mt. Doom?

362. • Bonus: What movie is this? I think it has something to do with a volcano?

393. • Bonus! Who is this falling into the volcano within Mt. Doom?

394. • Bonus! Gollum from The LOTR.

395. • Bonus: What movie is this? I think it has something to do with a volcano?

396. • Bonus: Spy Kids.

422. • Tacoma, Washington is built on an old lahar / lahar danger zone from Mt. Rainer. – City of 200,000 people.

423. • Video! Small lahar footage. – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WEAfXO7q8Xs

424. • Video of lahar near Mt. Marapi • http://vimeo.com/17678904

433. The big Idea that volcanoes have lahars, pyroclastic flows, eruptions, and have hot lava…

435. • Please sketch / label the main features of a stratovolcano. (Use the word bank next slide)

436. Ash cloud, Volcanic Bombs, Secondary Cone Secondary Vent Lava Flow Main Vent, Magma Chamber, Crater, Pyroclastic Flow

458. A crater is a steep walled depression located at the summit of a volcano. A crater can also be produced by a meteorite impact.

461. A crater is a steep walled depression located at the summit of a volcano. A crater can also be produced by a meteorite impact. Sulfuric acid and hydrogen chlorides

464. A crater is a steep walled depression located at the summit of a volcano. A crater can also be produced by a meteorite impact. A caldera is a large depression in a volcano formed either by the collapse of the top of a composite volcano after an explosive eruption, or from the collapse of the top of a shield volcano after the magma chamber is drained.

514. • Activity – Making a cheesy volcano

516. 1.) Select the type of volcano you are going to create. 2.) Work inside tray to keep activity clean. 3.) Use the film canister to hold magma. 4.) Use clay and filler to surround canister. 5.) Label parts of the volcano with toothpicks and labeled flags. 6.) Add baking soda, a drop of food coloring and some dishwater detergent. 7.) Add Vinegar at end. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

517. • Building a cheesy volcano set-up Film Canister Plate / Tray

518. • Building a cheesy volcano set-up Clay

519. • Building a cheesy volcano set-up

520. • Building a cheesy volcano set-up Rim Vent Label the parts with toothpick and tape – Parts are on the next series of slides

521. Hold off on the eruption for now. It will come soon.

522. • You can now complete parts to this question on the bundled homework.

529. • This is lava

530. • This is lava.

531. • This is magma, why isn’t it a photo?

532. • Is this Magma or Lava?

533. • Answer! Lava

538. • Answer!

549. • Video Link! Amazing Volcanic Eruption! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iCGgnYNJNLU

550. • Video Link! Amazing Volcanic Eruption! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iCGgnYNJNLU

558. • Video Link! Optional. Carbonatite Lava from Oldoinyo Lengai Tanzania. Very rare occurrence. Lowest temp lava. – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qputaVyn7TE http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonatite

559.  Intermediate: Has a higher amount of silica (Silica = liquid quartz or sand)

562. • Eruption time: Add vinegar to the top the volcano. • Can you identify any parts of the eruption? Vinegar

565. Ash Cloud

566. Ash Cloud Pyroclastic Rock

567. Ash Cloud Pyroclastic Rock Lahar

568. Ash Cloud Pyroclastic Rock Lahar Disrupted air travel

569. Ash Cloud Pyroclastic Rock Lahar Disrupted air travel Climatic Changes

570. Ash Cloud Pyroclastic Rock Lahar Disrupted air travel Climatic Changes Lava flow

571. Ash Cloud Pyroclastic Rock Lahar Disrupted air travel Climatic Changes Lava flow

572. Ash Cloud Pyroclastic Rock Pyroclasitic Flow Lahar Disrupted air travel Climatic Changes Lava flow

573. Ash Cloud Pyroclastic Rock Pyroclasitic Flow Lahar Disrupted air travel Climatic Changes Lava flow Death and Destruction

574. Any Positives?

575. New Land

576. New Land Fertile Soils

577. New Land Fertile Soils Creation of Atmosphere

578. New Land Fertile Soils Creation of Atmosphere Gems and Ores

579. New Land Fertile Soils Creation of Atmosphere Gems and Ores Tourism

580. New Land Fertile Soils Creation of Atmosphere Gems and Ores Tourism Maybe?

581. • Please clear your area and listen to your teacher. “Let’s clean up this mess so we can make another.”

583.  High Viscosity = Travels slow because of high resistance.

584.  Low Viscosity = Travels fast because of low resistance.

585.  Low Viscosity = Travels fast because of low resistance. Note: This topic is being covered now as the type of volcano that is formed has a lot to do with the lavas viscosity.

608. • Viscosity Olympics Available Sheet

609. • Activity! The Condiment Olympics. – Official / ceremony / entrance of the condiments required. Volunteers needed to march each condiment into the classroom. – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EbHw8DBCXQ8 Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

612. • Activity! Viscosity. – Lay tray on table.

613. • Activity! Viscosity. – Lay tray on table. – Place condiments at one side along a starting line.

614. • Activity! Viscosity. – Lay tray on table. – Place condiments at one side along a starting line. – Use textbooks or manually raise tray just off the vertical at start of race.

615. • Activity! Viscosity. – Lay tray on table. – Place condiments at one side along a starting line. – Use textbooks or manually raise tray just off the vertical at start of race. – Record the times each condiment takes to cross the finish line. (DNF = Did Not Finish) –I needed green text here to complete the Olympic colors.

616. • Activity! Viscosity. – Lay tray on table. – Place condiments at one side along a starting line. – Use textbooks or manually raise tray just off the vertical at start of race. – Record the times each condiment takes to cross the finish line. (DNF = Did Not Finish) –I needed green text here to complete the Olympic colors.

617. • Visual of Set-Up Top View Side View Start Finish

618. • Alternative Methods. – Fill graduated cylinders with various clear fluids. – Gently place a marble into the cylinder and record the time it takes for the marble to reach the bottom. – Record on time spreadsheet and graph. Side View Start Finish

619. • Please graph your findings. You decide which graph will work the best. Pie Column Bar Line

624. • Please graph your findings. You decide which graph will work the best. Pie Column Bar LineA line graph could become confusing in this case

627. • Please graph your findings. You decide which graph will work the best. Pie Column Bar LineYou may begin creating your graph now.

629. • Questions? – Which substance had the highest viscosity and why? – Which substance had the lowest viscosity and why? – Name five other things and describe their probable viscosity? Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

630. • Graph of Possible Outcomes 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 Mustard Ketchup Jelly Maple Syrup Chocolate Syrup Mystery

633. • Questions? – Which substance had the highest viscosity and why? – Answer: Answers will vary based on the brand. Generally, the ketchup, mustard, and jelly was the slowest down the ramp and demonstrated most resistance to flow. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

635. • Questions? – Which substance had the lowest viscosity and why? – Answer: The real maple syrup had the lowest viscosity and traveled quickly down the ramp on to the floor almost immediately after putting it on the ramp. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

636. • Which volcano will explode? Mustard Volcano Maple Syrup Volcano

637. • Which volcano will explode? Mustard Volcano Maple Syrup Volcano Higher Viscosity

638. • Which volcano will explode? Mustard Volcano Maple Syrup Volcano Higher Viscosity Low Viscosity

643. • Questions? – Name five other fluids and describe their probable viscosity? – Vegetable Oil: Low viscosity – Peanut Butter: High Viscosity – Toothpaste: High Viscosity – Hair Gel: High Viscosity – Soda: Low Viscosity Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

644. • Questions? – Name five other fluids and describe their probable viscosity? – Vegetable Oil: Low Viscosity – Peanut Butter: High Viscosity – Toothpaste: High Viscosity – Hair Gel: High Viscosity – Soda: Low Viscosity Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

655. • You can now complete this viscosity question.

664. “Aloha” “It is called because that’s what you say when you walk on it.” “Ah” “Ah”

665. “Aloha” “It is called 'A'ā because that’s what you say when you walk on it.” “Ah” “Ah”

666. “Aloha” “It is called 'A'ā because that’s what you say when you walk on it.” “Ah” “Ah”

710. • #11 Bonus – These creatures live in an old lava chamber.

767. • You can now record information in the white space around the following drawings. – Color only the drawings not the white space.

782. • “AYE” Advance Your Exploration ELA and Literacy Opportunity Worksheet – Visit some of the many provided links or.. – Articles can be found at (w/ membership to NABT and NSTA) • http://www.nabt.org/websites/institution/index.php?p= 1 • http://learningcenter.nsta.org/browse_journals.aspx?j ournal=tst Please visit at least one of the “learn more” educational links provided in this unit and complete this worksheet

783. • “AYE” Advance Your Exploration ELA and Literacy Opportunity Worksheet – Visit some of the many provided links or.. – Articles can be found at (w/ membership to and NSTA) • http://www.earthmagazine.org/ • http://learningcenter.nsta.org/browse_journals.aspx?jo urnal=tst

784. • Video Link! In the Path of a Killer Volcano. – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z80uSliaUtg (56 mins. About Pinatubo Eruption) 1991

791. http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html Areas of Focus within The Geology Topics Unit: -Areas of Focus within The Geology Topics Unit: Plate Tectonics, Evidence for Plate Tectonics, Pangea, Energy Waves, Layers of the Earth, Heat Transfer, Types of Crust, Plate Boundaries, Hot Spots, Volcanoes, Positives and Negatives of Volcanoes, Types of Volcanoes, Parts of a Volcano, Magma, Types of Lava, Viscosity, Earthquakes, Faults, Folds, Seismograph, Richter Scale, Seismograph, Tsunami’s, Rocks, Minerals, Crystals, Uses of Minerals, Types of Crystals, Physical Properties of Minerals, Rock Cycle, Common Igneous Rocks, Common Sedimentary Rocks, Common Metamorphic Rocks., Age of the Earth, Uniformitarianism, Principle of Superposition, Earth History, Time Units, Timeline of Events, Basic Evolution, Mass Extinction Events, Dinosaurs, Early Mammals, and more.

792. • This was a very brief tour. Please visit the links below to learn more about each of the units in this curriculum package. – These units take me about four years to complete with my students in grades 5-10. Earth Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Geology Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html Astronomy Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html Weather and Climate Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html Soil Science, Weathering, More http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html Water Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html Rivers Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html = Easier = More Difficult = Most Difficult 5th – 7th grade 6th – 8th grade 8th – 10th grade

793. Physical Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Science Skills Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods. html Motion and Machines Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html Matter, Energy, Envs. Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html Atoms and Periodic Table Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html Life Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide Human Body / Health Topics http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html DNA and Genetics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html Cell Biology Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html Infectious Diseases Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html Taxonomy and Classification Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html Evolution / Natural Selection Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html Botany Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html Ecology Feeding Levels Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm Ecology Interactions Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html

794. • More Units Available at… Earth Science: The Soil Science and Glaciers Unit, The Geology Topics Unit, The Astronomy Topics Unit, The Weather and Climate Unit, and The Rivers and Water Quality Unit, The Water Molecule Unit. Physical Science: The Laws of Motion and Machines Unit, The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit, The Energy and the Environment Unit, and Science Skills Unit. Life Science: The Diseases and Cells Unit, The DNA and Genetics Unit, The Life Topics Unit, The Plant Unit, The Taxonomy and Classification Unit, Ecology: Feeding Levels Unit, Ecology: Interactions Unit, Ecology: Abiotic Factors, The Evolution and Natural Selection Unit and The Human Body Systems and Health Topics Unit Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

795. • The entire four year curriculum can be found at... http://sciencepowerpoint.com/ Please feel free to contact me with any questions you may have. Thank you for your interest in this curriculum. Sincerely, Ryan Murphy M.Ed www.sciencepowerpoint@gmail.com

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