Comparative Analysis of IPOs in India, USA and Europe. Valuation of 6 firms which went for the IPOs recently in these countries using FCFE and FCFF valuation techniques.

1. IPOs in India,
US and Europe
A Report on IPOs (Investment Banking)
IBS-2011
IB-SEC B
 Sajith Kumar-10BSPHH010669
 Wilson Peter-10BSPHH010890
 Vivek Sharma-10BSPHH010886
 Saurabh Trivedi- 10BSPHH011076

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Table of Contents
A. Regulatory and Disclosure Norms in India, US and Europe Related To IPOs...........2
1. Indian Norms ...........................................................................................................2
2. United States Norms................................................................................................3
3. European Norms......................................................................................................4
B. The Due Diligence Process .........................................................................................5
1. Due Diligence in India.............................................................................................5
2. Due Diligence in the US..........................................................................................5
3. Due Diligence in Europe .........................................................................................6
C. PRICING METHODS FOLLOWED..........................................................................6
D. Issue Price and Supporting Valuation.........................................................................8
E. Post IPO Performance .................................................................................................9
1. Tesla Motors............................................................................................................9
2. LINKEDIN ..............................................................................................................9
3. Punjab & Sind Bank ..............................................................................................10
4. JAYPEE INFRATECH .........................................................................................11
5. FRESNILLO..........................................................................................................12
6. FLYBE...................................................................................................................13
F. Investment Banks and Their Roles and Responsibilities ..........................................13
1. TESLA MOTORS.................................................................................................13
2. LINKEDIN ............................................................................................................14
3. JAYPEE INFRATECH .........................................................................................15
4. PUNJAB AND SIND BANK................................................................................15
5. FRESNILLO..........................................................................................................16
6. FLYBE...................................................................................................................16
G. ANNEXURES...........................................................................................................18
H. References .................................................................................................................24

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The most successful IPOs are launched by those businesses that operate as public
companies well in advance of the actual IPO. These businesses have a relatively smooth
process of going public, and they quickly transition to life as public companies.
-PWC
A. Regulatory and Disclosure Norms in India, US and Europe
Related To IPOs
1. Indian Norms
 Regulations: The primary issuances are governed by SEBI in terms of SEBI (Disclosures
and Investor protection) guidelines. SEBI framed its DIP guidelines in 1992. Many
amendments have been carried out in the same in line with the market dynamics and
requirements. In 2000, SEBI issued “Securities and Exchange Board of India (Disclosure
and Investor Protection) Guidelines, 2000” which is compilation of all circulars organized
in chapter forms. These guidelines and amendments thereon are issued by SEBI India
under section 11 of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992. SEBI
(Disclosure and investor protection) guidelines 2000 are in short called „DIP‟ guidelines.
It provides a comprehensive framework for issuances buy the companies.
As per IPO regulations are concerned, pursuant to Rule 19(2) (b) of the SCRR read with
Regulation 41(1) of the SEBI Regulations, at least 60% of the Net Issue shall be allotted
to QIBs. If at least 60% of the Net Issue cannot be allotted to QIBs, then the entire
application money will be refunded forthwith. In accordance with the SEBI Regulations,
QIBs bidding in the Net QIB Portion are not allowed to withdraw their Bids after the
Bid/Issue Closing Date. In addition, QIBs bidding in the Net QIB Portion are required to
pay Margin Amount of at least 10% upon submission of their Bid and allocation to QIBs
will be on a proportionate basis. Provided that QIBs that are Anchor Investors are
required to pay 25% of their Bid Amount at the time of submission of the Bid and the
balance amount within two days from Bid/Issue Closing Date and allocation to them shall
be on a discretionary basis.
In terms of the SEBI Regulations, QIBs bidding in the Net QIB Portion shall not be
allowed to withdraw their Bids after the Bid/Issue Closing Date and ASBA Bidders shall
not be allowed to revise their Bids.
 Disclosures: Section 211 of the Companies Act, 1956 provides for disclosure of annual
financial information through a board‟s report prepared in accordance with section 217
and in a manner prescribed in Schedule VI. Regarding continuing financial disclosures,
Clauses 35, 41 and 49 provide for information to be provided quarterly. Clause 35
requires every listed company to provide quarterly, information regarding pattern of
shareholding at the end of each quarter. Clause 41 stipulates disclosure of quarterly un-
audited financial statements and clause 49 provides the corporate governance code.

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It is to be distinctly understood that submission of offer document to SEBI should not in
any way be deemed or construed that the same has been cleared or approved by SEBI.
The Lead manager certifies that the disclosures made in the offer document are generally
adequate and are in conformity with SEBI guidelines for disclosures and investor
protection in force for the time being. This requirement is to facilitate investors to take an
informed decision for making investment in the proposed issue.
2. United States Norms
The IPO process in the United States is driven by two primary federal securities laws that
govern the offer and sale of securities: the Securities Act of 1933 (1933 Act), which
governs the offer and sale of securities and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(Exchange Act), which imposes certain public reporting obligations on public companies
as well as their officers, directors and large shareholders. Companies contemplating an
IPO in the US should also consider the following norms laid down by the „Sarbanes-
Oxley Act’
Internal Controls: Sarbanes-Oxley requires a registrant‟s management (CEO and CFO)
to provide certain certifications in periodic filings with the SEC regarding the company‟s
evaluation of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting (section
404). Furthermore, sections 302 and 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley are required in the first
periodic filing (Form 10-K and 10-Q) subsequent to the IPO. Section 302 and 906 require
that the CEO and the CFO of a public company certify that the company‟s financial
statements are accurate, comply with the requirements of the exchange acts, and
information reported is fairly presented.
Audit Committee: Sarbanes-Oxley requires public companies to have an independent
audit committee with at least one member qualified as a financial expert.
Board of Directors: Sarbanes-Oxley requires that a majority of the members of a board of
directors be from outside the company. At least one board member must have a financial
background either as a CPA or CFO.
Loans to Company Executives: Sarbanes-Oxley prohibits public companies from
extending or maintaining credit in the form of a personal loan to or for any director or
executive officer. Accordingly, appropriate actions should be taken to ensure these types
of arrangements can be extinguished prior to the initial public offering.
Apart from these regulations, SEC also focuses on the cheap stock based compensation.
Cheap stock continues to be a focus area for the SEC. Generally, the SEC challenges the
fair value of stock options granted in the period preceding the IPO, while a company is
private, with the presumption that the exercise prices were below the market value of the
stock at the time of the grant. The difference between the exercise price and the market
value Roadmap for an IPO.A guide to going public 29 must be considered when
computing stock-based compensation and the related expense should be amortized to
income over the vesting periods of the options.
Companies preparing for an IPO need to carefully review their „Option Pricing‟ history.
Where option exercise prices are significantly less than the price of any other equity

5. 4 | P a g e
instruments sold near the dates of option grants, there will be close scrutiny by the SEC,
and the closer the grant dates are to the IPO, the more intense the review.
3. European Norms
Financial Services Authority („FSA‟) acts as competent authority for listing, as competent
authority for the purposes of the European Prospectus and Transparency Directives, and
as competent authority for certain aspects of the Market Abuse Directive. These roles
have a statutory basis in Part VI of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000
(„FSMA‟). Three sourcebooks in the FSA Handbook implement the relevant rules. These
are:
 Listing Rules – these rules include the eligibility requirements for admission to the
Official List (or listing) and the continuing obligations that apply thereafter.
 Prospectus Rules - these rules stem primarily from the enactment of the European
Prospectus Directive and detail the circumstances when a prospectus is required and
the disclosures a prospectus should include.
 Disclosure and Transparency Rules („DTRs‟) - these rules govern the periodic and ad
hoc disclosure of information by listed companies. Periodic information includes
interim and annual accounts, and ad hoc disclosures, including major shareholding
notifications and details of significant developments that might affect the price of the
securities.
Some subtle differences
In India, the Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) coming to the market are compulsorily
graded on a scale of 1 to 5 by regulation with 1 signifying poor fundamentals and 5
signifying very strong fundamentals. The rating agencies in India claim that the grade is
not a recommendation on the “price” of the IPO or a buy, hold, sell recommendation. It is
typically to find out whether this unique concept of grading has added any value to the
issuers, investors and the regulators for book built IPOs.
Norms in Europe in general have certain requirements regarding the „draft prospectus‟:
 If the securities are offered to the public, a prospectus should be prepared with the
listing sponsor (if Alternext) or banks (if Eurolist). In May 2005, Euronext launched
Alternext, a new exchange-regulated market, tailor-made for mid- and small-cap
companies, which offers them easier listing requirements while providing investors
with an appropriate level of transparency.
 In case of a direct listing on Alternext after a private placement, an „offering circular‟
(i.e., prospectus not approved by the regulator) should be produced, which is prepared
under the responsibility of the company and its listing sponsor.
UK IPO markets in particular have an „Alternative Investment Market‟ which is
regulated by the London Stock Exchange.
In the US, a company deals directly with the regulatory authority (the SEC), supported by
its legal counsel, auditors and other advisors during the IPO process.

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B. The Due Diligence Process
1. Due Diligence in India
The practice of undertaking a formal due diligence investigation is of comparatively
recent origin in India relative to the US and Europe and was mainly imported as a
process by foreign investors/their legal and financial advisors after the economic
liberalization reforms of 1991.
The SEBI mandates certain parties to undertake a due diligence, in the context of issuance
of securities by a company. For instance:
 The BRLMs are required to exercise due diligence and satisfy themselves about all
the aspects of the issue. The BRLM is also required to call upon the issuer, its
promoters or in case of an offer for sale, the selling shareholders, to fulfil their
obligations as disclosed by them in the offer document.
 The BRLM need to submit post-issue reports to the SEBI. The BRLM is also required
to submit a due diligence certificate as per the format specified in Form G of Schedule
VI, along with the final post-issue report.
 The BRLM, while seeking in principle approval for listing of the eligible securities
issued under the qualified institutions placement, is required to furnish to each stock
exchange on which the same class of equity shares of the issuer are listed, a due
diligence certificate stating that the eligible securities are being issued under qualified
issuers placement. Before the opening of the issue, the BRLM is required to submit a
Due diligence certificate along with the draft offer document to the SEBI.
 SEBI has recently issued guidelines that IBs involved in IPOs are supposed to include
the track records of their previous IPO performances in the IPO prospectus issued to
the investors. Also they are supposed to maintain documents pertaining to the due
diligence they have carried out to date. In US, SEC already had rules that required
the IBs to produce the documents when demanded.
2. Due Diligence in the US
During the due diligence phase, the company, its underwriters and their attorneys will
focus on the registration statement. The registration statement is an important priority for
the IBs. This phase require the company to thoroughly review its business and to
substantiate all claims in the registration statement. Besides inspecting the registration
statement, the underwriters and counsel for both parties will also question company
officers and key employees. The due diligence team will also speak with third parties,
such as customers, retailers and suppliers.
In US, the due diligence is typically carried out in three broad legs:
 Business Overview
 Industry Overview/Market Opportunity
 Products/Services
 Customers
 Suppliers
 Growth Strategy and Projections

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 Acquisitions/Ventures
 Legal
 Human Resources
 At the Business Unit Level
 Business Unit Strategy
 Major Business Unit Review
 Detailed Financial Review
 Budgeting/Forecasting Process
 Personnel
 Customer Review
3. Due Diligence in Europe
The Due Diligence in Europe specifically include
 Review of material documents relating to the issuer and its group (usually the issuer
will create a physical electronic data room for this purpose)
 Actual text of the draft prospectus preparation of specialist reports, such as mineral
experts or property valuation reports, or a report of financial reporting procedures.
 Representations and warranties from the company and selling shareholders.
 Delivery of comfort letters from the accountants.
 Delivery of legal opinions from counsel
Financial due diligence is geared toward confirming a company‟s historical financial
results and understanding its operational and financial prospects.
Legal due diligence is conducted by the solicitors and is the process of verifying a
company‟s legal records, material contracts and litigation.
C. PRICING METHODS FOLLOWED
INDIA UNITED STATES EUROPE
Jaypee
Infratech
Punjab &
Sind
Bank
Tesla
Motors
LinkedIn Flybe Fresnillo
Book-
Building
Fixed Price
Book building
Book building is the process of price discovery. That means there is no fixed price for the
shares. Instead, the company issuing the shares comes up with a price band. The lowest price
is referred to as the floor and the highest, the cap. Bids are then invited for the shares. Each
investor states how many shares he wants and what he is willing to pay for those shares
(depending on the price band). The actual price is then discovered based on these bids.

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Fixed price issue
Price at which the securities are offered and would be allotted is made known in advance to
the investors. For the record, LinkedIn's IPO managers, Morgan Stanley and Bank of
America (Merrill Lynch division), fixed its offer price at $45 per share to sell 7.84 million
shares, raising $352.8 m for LinkedIn, and valuing the firm at $4.3 bn.
UK fixed price offerings advertise the number of offer price and number of shares by
prospectus 14 days prior to accepting applications from interested investors. Far from being
the exception, such historic practices have more nearly been the rule in international primary
equity markets.
India United States Europe
Book is built Directly Underwriter takes the shares
onto his book first then allots
shares to investors
UK fixed price offerings
advertise the number of offer
price and number of shares
by prospectus 14 days prior
to accepting applications
from interested investors.
The fees charged by
underwriters for the U.S
IPOs are higher than Europe.
The fees charged by
European IPOs are lower
than those in US.
Book building is transparent Book building process is
confidential
Same as US
Book has to be kept open for
minimum of 5 days and this
period can be increased if
price band is revised
Book can be opened and
closed anytime
Rigid price band Soft Price band- investors
can bid at a price outside the
band
Only floor can be determined
by BRLM cap is
automatically set at 120% of
floor
Price band can be freely
determined by the BRLM
By contrast, in Germane
IPOs the price range is
typically set after book
building has started, with the
pricing typically occurring
seven trading days later. The
price range is frequently
more than 2 Euros, but once
set, IPOs never price above
the maximum
Institutional as well as Retail
investors are invited to
participate in the bidding
process
Only institutional investors
are invited to participate in
the bidding process.
Same as US
Retail investors have a choice
of the nature of the bids –
they can place either market
bids or limit bids while
Institutional investors can
place either market, limit or
step bids

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institutional investors have to
necessarily place limit orders
Bids placed by institutional
investors are binding
Institutional investors place
nonbinding bids that can be
revoked without attracting
any penalties.
Indian IPO markets did not use the bookbuilding method until 1999. Book- building
methods are now used in most large international equity offerings. It has been suggested
that the decline of fixed price offerings is related to the fact both Asia and Europe have
employed efforts to privatize the state owned firms and the fact that many of these firms were
simply too large to sell in a single market. As a result privatization authorities and non-US
investment banks were introduced to book-building methods when they engaged US
investment banks to gain access to foreign capital.
Unlike international markets, India has a large number of retail investors who actively
participate in IPO‟s. Internationally, the most active investors are the Mutual Funds and
Other Institutional Investors. So the entire issue is book built. But in India, 25 per cent of the
issue has to be offered to the general public. Here there are two options to the company.
According to the first option, 25 per cent of the issue has to be sold at a fixed price and 75 per
cent is through Book Building. The other option is to split the 25 per cent on offer to the
public (small investors) into a fixed price portion of 10 per cent and a reservation in the book
built portion amounting to 15 per cent of the issue size. The rest of the book built portion is
open to any investor.
D. Issue Price and Supporting Valuation1
Company Offer Price/Share FCFE Valuation Price*
Tesla Motors USD 14-16 USD 15.14
LinkedIn USD 45 USD 30.92
Jaypee Infratech Ltd. INR 102-117 INR 107.20
Punjab & Sind bank INR 113-120 INR 128.92
Fresnillo Plc. USD 10.87 USD 10.93
Flybe GBp 295 GBp 296.40
*FCFE Valuation for all the companies has been done in Excel Spreadsheet
1
See Annexures for details

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E. Post IPO Performance
1. Tesla Motors
Tesla IPO was "multiple times oversubscribed" at the retail and institutional levels, which
suggests the deal could be priced at the high end of the planned $14-to-$16-a-share range.
The company sold 13.3 million shares at US$17 each, enabling them to raise US$226
million. When the market closed Tesla's stock price was worth $23.89, up 40.53% from
the $17.00 it opened at this morning. Tesla's strong performance stood out in a day where
the American markets sunk across the board.
The lists of investors in Tesla include Germany's Daimler, the Abu Dhabi government,
Toyota and venture capitalists Elon Musk Steve Jurvetson. This has resulted in the good
performance of TESLA Motors. The share price has been almost always above the issue
price of 17 $.
Analysts at Morgan Stanley released a 50-page report on the automaker's prospects and
they have predicted that its share price will touch 70$. The folks at Morgan Stanley are
already calling Tesla "America's Fourth Automaker" and predicting great things for the
company, thanks to a soon-to-be-burgeoning market for electric vehicles and help from
giant Toyota.
2. LINKEDIN
LinkedIn was the first pure-play social networking site to go public and investors jumped
on it. LinkedIn's IPO price was initially planned to be between $32 and $35, but
the investment banks underwriting the deal (Morgan Stanley, Bank of America, JP
Morgan) discovered such strong institutional demand during the road shows that the price
was raised to $45. It turned out that the banks should have raised the IPO price much,
much higher. When the stock began trading yesterday, it opened at $83, rose as high as
$122.70 and closed at $94.25, up more than 109% on the day. Since 2001, LinkedIn‟s
first-day IPO performance is the fifth-best ever:
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
SharePrice(US$)
TESLA Motors Share Price Post-IPO
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The share price of LinkedIn has never touched 60$. This tells that market values for
LinkedIn were much higher than the 45$ which was quoted for IPO. Most people would
probably call LinkedIn‟s IPO a huge success but when you think about it, LinkedIn‟s
shareholders left a lot of money on the table. The corporation only received $45 per share.
The real winners of the IPO were the institutional buyers who bought the stock at the IPO
price of $45 and flipped it for $100.
3. Punjab & Sind Bank
The IPO price band of Punjab & Sind Bank was fixed at Rs 113 to Rs 120. The initial
public offering (IPO) of Punjab & Sind Bank has been subscribed 50.41 times. The issue
got total bids of 2.01bn shares as against 40mn shares on offer, as per the data available
with the National Stock Exchange. Thus the price was set at the upper end of the band at
120 for the IPO.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
5/19/2011 6/19/2011 7/19/2011 8/19/2011
SharePrice(US$)
LinkedIn Share Price Post-IPO
Close
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
30/12/2010
11/01/11
20/01/2011
01/02/11
10/02/11
21/02/2011
04/03/11
15/03/2011
24/03/2011
04/04/11
15/04/2011
27/04/2011
06/05/11
17/05/2011
26/05/2011
06/06/11
15/06/2011
24/06/2011
05/07/11
14/07/2011
25/07/2011
03/08/11
12/08/11
24/08/2011
SharePrice(Rs)
P&S Bank Share Price Post-IPO
Close

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Punjab & Sind Bank IPO finally subscribed 50.75 times on its closing day. Punjab & Sind
Bank IPO was open on Dec 13, 2010 and closed on Dec 16, 2010 for subscription. Punjab
& Sind Bank received bids for 2,02,98,86,650 shares as against issue size of 40,000,000
shares. The shares, which were allotted at Rs 120 through an Initial Public Offer, opened
nearly 22 per cent up at Rs 146.10 on the Bombay Stock Exchange. As the trading session
progressed, the scrip stabilized at around eight per cent gains over the allotment price,
closing at 127.15.
The performance of the IPO was good initially for a month and the price it was trading at
was above the issue price of 120 till 24 Jan 2011. Since that day the prices have come
down and even though they have regained each time it has gone low but the average price
is around 102 and the stock is yet to touch the initial price of 120 since 24 Jan 2011.
Oversubscription detail
Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIBs): 49.80 Times
Non Institutional Investors: 85.84 Times
Retail Individual Investors (RIIs): 44.45 Times
Employee: 1.61 Times
Total: 50.75 Times
4. JAYPEE INFRATECH
Jaypee Infratech Ltd IPO finally subscribed 1.24 times on its closing day. Jaypee
Infratech Ltd IPO was open on Apr 29, 2010 and closed on May 04, 2010 for
subscription. Jaypee Infratech Ltd received bids for 27,395,050 shares as against issue
size of 221,764,705 shares. The stock went down more than 10 per cent to Rs 91, below
its issue price of Rs 102.
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
5/21/2010
5/23/2010
5/25/2010
5/27/2010
5/29/2010
5/31/2010
6/2/2010
6/4/2010
6/6/2010
6/8/2010
6/10/2010
6/12/2010
6/14/2010
6/16/2010
6/18/2010
6/20/2010
6/22/2010
6/24/2010
6/26/2010
6/28/2010
SharePrice(Rs)
Jaypee Infratech Share Price Post -IPO
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Oversubscription detail
Qualified Institutional Buyers (QIBs): 1.7710 Times
Non Institutional Investors: 1.1544 Times
Retail Individual Investors (RIIs): 0.6113 Times
Shareholder Reservation: 0.1006 Times
Total: 1.24 Times
5. FRESNILLO
Shares in Fresnillo Ltd fell as much as 10 percent after the world's biggest silver producer
raised 905 million pounds ($1.77 billion) in a London flotation that was priced at the
bottom of the expected range.
Analysts said the share fall reflected a recent retreat in precious metals prices and a lack
of appetite for new issues after Czech coal miner New World Resources raised 1.1 billion
pounds in its flotation on Tuesday. At 0915 GMT, shares in Mexico-focused Fresnillo
were trading at 524 pence, down 3.8 percent from their offer price of 555 pence, but off
an early low of 502 pence and giving a market value of about 3.8 billion pounds. Fresnillo
plc (the 'Company') announces that, in connection with the initial public offering of
ordinary shares in the Company (the 'Global Offer'), JPMorgan Cazenove Limited, as
stabilising manager, has today exercised the over-allotment arrangements in respect of
1,554,464 ordinary shares in the Company (the 'Over-allotment Shares'). None of the £8.6
million proceeds arising from the exercise of the over-allotment arrangements will be
received by the Company. Including the Over-allotment Shares, the total size of the
Global Offer is £913.3 million (164,564,968 ordinary shares). Following the exercise of
the over-allotment arrangements, Industrias Penoles S.A.B. de C.V. will own
approximately 77.1 per cent of the Company's ordinary shares.
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
5/14/2008
5/16/2008
5/18/2008
5/20/2008
5/22/2008
5/24/2008
5/26/2008
5/28/2008
5/30/2008
6/1/2008
6/3/2008
6/5/2008
6/7/2008
6/9/2008
6/11/2008
6/13/2008
SharePrice(GBp)
Fresnillo Share Price(GBp)Post -IPO
Close

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6. FLYBE
Flybe Group plc (the “Company”) announced that, in connection with its initial public
offering of ordinary shares (the “Global Offer”), Merrill Lynch International, as
stabilising manager, on 14 December 2010 exercised the over-allotment option in respect
of 2,033,898 ordinary shares in the Company (the “Over-allotment Shares”).
The Over-allotment Shares were issued at the offer price of 295 pence per Over-allotment
Share (the “Offer Price”), raising additional gross proceeds for the Company of £6
million.
Including the exercise of the over-allotment option, the total size of the Global Offer was
£66 million (22,372,881 ordinary shares, in total representing approximately 30 per cent.
of the 74,872,881 issued ordinary shares of the Company at Admission).
F. Investment Banks and Their Roles and Responsibilities
1. TESLA MOTORS
The Lead Managers for the IPO were Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, JP Morgan and
Deutsche Bank.
Underwriters
Number of
Shares
Goldman, Sachs & Co. 4,655,000
Morgan Stanley & Co.
Incorporated 4,655,000
J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. 2,660,000
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. 1,330,000
Total 13,300,000
295
300
305
310
315
320
325
330
335
340
345
12/14/2010
12/16/2010
12/18/2010
12/20/2010
12/22/2010
12/24/2010
12/26/2010
12/28/2010
12/30/2010
1/1/2011
1/3/2011
1/5/2011
1/7/2011
1/9/2011
1/11/2011
1/13/2011
1/15/2011
1/17/2011
1/19/2011
SharePrice(GBp) Flybe Group Share Price(GBp) Post-IPO
Close

15. 14 | P a g e
2. LINKEDIN
The IPO was underwritten by Morgan Stanley, Bank of America, Merrill Lynch, JP Morgan,
ALLEN & COMPANY LLC and UBS INVESTMENT BANK.
All the directors and executive officers and the holders of substantially all of the securities
sign lock-up agreements under which they agree not to sell, transfer or dispose of, directly or
indirectly, any shares of the common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or
exchangeable for shares of the firm‟s common stock without the prior written consent of the
lead manager, incorporated for a period of 180 days, subject to possible extension under
certain circumstances, after the date of the S1 prospectus. These agreements are described
below under “Underwriting.”
The following table summarizes the specific roles of IBs in US:
WEEK STAGES IN THE IPO CALENDAR
1 Conduct Organizational Meeting
2-5 Conduct Due Diligence
Draft Registration Statement and Prospectus
Continue to prepare issuer to become a public
company
6-8 Finish drafting registration statement
Select Financial printer
File registration statement with the SEC
9-12 Assemble a syndicate
Receive initial approval from the SEC on
confidential review approximately two to
three weeks after filing, and confidentially
submit stock exchange listing application
13-18 Receive SEC approval of the registration statement
Prepare, revise and print the
preliminary prospectus
Pre-marketing
Road show
Book-building
19-20 Pricing and finalizing offering size
Prepare and print the final prospectus
Allocation and closing
Beyond the listing

16. 15 | P a g e
3. JAYPEE INFRATECH
The Book Running lead managers for the IPO Were Morgan Stanley India Company
Private Limited, DSP Merrill Lynch Limited, Axis Bank Limited, Enam Securities
Private Limited, ICICI Securities Limited, IDFC – SSKI Limited, JM Financial
Consultants Private Limited, Kotak Mahindra Capital Company Limited, SBI Capital
Markets Limited.
4. PUNJAB AND SIND BANK
The book running lead managers to the Issue, in this case were SBI Capital Market
Limited, Enam Securities Private Limited and ICICI Securities Limited and LINK
INTIME INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED.
The following table summarizes the specific roles of IBs in India:
S. No. Activity
1 Capital Structuring with relative components and formalities such as type
of instruments.
2 Due diligence of the Bank‟s operations/management/business plans/legal
etc. Drafting and design of Red Herring Prospectus including
memorandum containing salient features of the Prospectus. The BRLMs
shall ensure compliance with stipulated requirements and completion of
prescribed formalities with the Stock Exchanges and SEBI.
3 Drafting and approval of all statutory advertisements and all publicity
material.
4 Co-ordination for Issue Agreement and Underwriting Agreement
5 Appointment of Registrars, Financial Printers and Advertising Agencies.
8 Appointment of Bankers to the Issue and coordination for Escrow
Agreement
9 Co-ordination with IPO Grading Agency
10 Co-ordination for Syndicate Agreement
11 Preparation of Road show presentation and FAQs
12 International Institutional Marketing strategy.
13 Domestic institutions/banks/mutual funds marketing strategy
14 Non-Institutional and Retail marketing of the Issue, which will cover,
among other things,

17. 16 | P a g e
* Formulating marketing strategies, preparation of publicity budget
* Finalise Media and PR strategy
* Finalising centers for holding conferences for press and brokers
* Follow-up on distribution of publicity and Issuer material including
form, prospectus and deciding on the quantum of the Issue material
* Finalisation of bidding centres
* Branch Training including identification of branches/centres, branch
training material
15 Co-ordination with Stock Exchanges for Book Building Software, bidding
terminals and mock trading.
16 Finalisation of Pricing, in consultation with the Bank
17 The post issue activities including management of escrow accounts, co-
ordination of non-institutional allocation, intimation of allocation and
dispatch of refunds to bidders. The post Offer activities for the Offer
involve essential follow up steps, which include the finalisation of trading
and dealing of instruments and demat of delivery of shares, with the
various agencies connected with the work such as the registrar‟s to the
Issue and Bankers to the Issue and the bank handling refund business. The
merchant banker shall be responsible for ensuring that these agencies
fulfil their functions and enable it to discharge this responsibility through
suitable agreements with the Bank.
5. FRESNILLO
JPMorgan Cazenove is acting as sole sponsor and financial adviser to Fresnillo and sole
global co-ordinator, bookrunner and broker in relation to the Global Offer. Canaccord Adams
Limited, Citigroup Global Markets U.K. Equity Limited, J.P. Morgan Securities Ltd. and
UBS Limited are acting as co-lead managers
6. FLYBE
Bank of America Merrill Lynch acted as Sponsor, Global Co-ordinator and Bookrunner,
Investec acted as Joint Lead Manager and Execution Noble acted as Co-Lead Manager to the
IPO. College Hill acted as PR advisers to the IPO.

18. 17 | P a g e
The following table summarizes the specific roles of IBs in Europe:
S.No Activities
1. Processes
 Execution kick-off meeting
 Weekly meeting/conference calls
 Due diligence
 Long form report
 Preparation of audited numbers
2. Valuation and capital structure
 Forecasts finalised
 Working capital report
 Valuation discussion
 Capital structure discussions
 Agree offer size
3. Documentation
 Draft prospectus
 Prospectus filed with UKLA
 UKLA review prospectus
 Publish pathfinder prospectus
 Publish final prospectus
 Preparation of placing agreement
 Auditors‟ comfort letters
4. Marketing and roadshows
 Week
 PR process
 Analysts prepare and deliver presentation
 Research prepared and reviewed
 Prepare and rehearse roadshow
 Announce intention to float
 Publish research
 Pre-marketing
 Price range set
 Road show
 Bookbuilding
 Pricing/allocation
 Settlement and closing
 Stabilisation

19. 18 | P a g e
G. ANNEXURES
1. LINKEDIN VALUATION
Present
--------------------------------------- ---------- --------- -------- ---------- --------- ---------
Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
--------------------------------------- ---------- --------- -------- ---------- --------- ---------
A. Net Revenues 243.10 386.24 613.65 974.97 1549.04 2461.11
B. Total OperatingCost&Expenses (203.97) (308.99) (490.92) (779.98) (1239.23) (1968.89)
C. Other Income(Expense) (0.61) (0.61) (1.22) (1.83) (2.44) (3.05)
D. EBDIT 38.52 76.64 121.51 193.16 307.37 489.17
E. Depreciation & Amortization 19.55 31.06 49.34 78.39 124.55 197.89
F. EBIT 18.97 45.58 72.17 114.77 182.81 291.28
G. NOPLAT 15.36 36.92 58.46 92.96 148.08 235.94
H. Property & Equipment 56.74 90.15 143.23 227.56 361.55 574.42
I. Depreciation & Amortization 19.55 31.06 49.34 78.39 124.55 197.89
J. Δ NWC (5.15) (5.15) (5.15) (5.15) (5.15) (5.15)
K. CaPEX (31.01) (33.40) (53.08) (84.33) (133.99) (212.88)
L. Free Cash Flows (1.25) 29.42 49.57 81.88 133.49 215.80
Continueing value 3441.81 Long-Term Growth Rate: 2015
Cash and Cash Equivalents 92.95 NOPAT 235.9
The value of equity 2551.09 2798.15 Invested Capital 574.4
Outstanding Shares 90.50 ROC 41.1%
Value/Share($) 28.19 30.92
Net Reinvestment 20.1
Tax Rate 19.00% NOPAT 235.9
Growth Assumption( for the 1st 5 yrs) 58.88% Reinvestment Rate 8.5%
Other Income(Expense) 0.25%
Depreciation 34.45% Est. Terminal Growth Rate 3.51%
Property & Equipment (% of Net Revenues) 23.34%
Terminal Growth 3.51%
WACC 10.00%
LINKEDIN VALUATION
FINANCIAL PROJECTIONS (values in million$ except no. of shares)
Projected

20. 19 | P a g e
2. TESLA MOTORS
RELATIVE VALUATION
------------------------------------ -------------- ------------ ------------- ----------- -------------- ------------
Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
------------------------------------ -------------- ------------ ------------- ----------- -------------- ------------
Revenues 116697.50 145871.88 583487.50 1166975.00 2333950.00 3267530.00
YOY Growth % 0.25 0.25 3.00 1.00 1.00 0.40
Gross Margin % 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.35
Gross Profit 11669.75 21880.78 116697.50 233395.00 583487.50 1143635.50
R&D expense % 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.10
R&D expense 58348.75 72935.94 116697.50 233395.00 466790.00 326753.00
SG&A expense % 0.30 0.30 0.40 0.15 0.12 0.12
SG&A expense 35009.25 43761.56 233395.00 175046.25 280074.00 392103.60
EBIT (81688.25) (94816.72) (233395.00) (175046.25) (163376.50) 424778.90
NOPLAT (57181.78) (66371.70) (163376.50) (122532.38) (114363.55) 297345.23
Property and Equipment 24808.60 31606.16 40266.25 51299.20 65355.18 83262.50
Depreciation & Amortization 5296.02 6747.12 8595.84 10951.10 13951.70 17774.46
GCF (51885.76) (59624.58) (154780.66) (111581.28) (100411.85) 315119.69
CAPEX 105335.60 6797.56 8660.09 11032.95 14055.98 17907.32
Current Assets 171535.00 222995.50 289894.15 376862.40 489921.11 636897.45
Current Liabilities 73198.80 87838.56 105406.27 126487.53 151785.03 182142.04
NWC 98336.20 135156.94 184487.88 250374.87 338136.08 454755.41
Δ NWC 27385.20 36820.74 49330.94 65886.99 87761.21 116619.33
Free Cash Flows (184606.56) (103242.88) (212771.69) (188501.22) (202229.05) 180593.05
WACC 12.40%
Terminal Growth Rate 4.00%
Continuing Value 2235913.89
Enterprise Value 709241.70
Debt 6337.00
Cash & Cash EQ 106547.00
Equity Value 809451.70
No of shares 53454.00
Share price 15.14
Tax Rate 30.00%
Shares already issued 4235400.00
TESLA MOTORS VALUATION
FINANCIAL PROJECTIONS (values in thousand$ except no. of shares)
A123 systems
P/E -2.64
P/BV 1.45
TESLA Motors
Earnings -31500000
No Of Shares 42354000
EPS -0.7437314
P 1.96345091(assuming P/E of A123 systems can be used for TESLA motors)
Book Value 44179000
BV/Share 1.0430892
P 1.51247934(assuming P/BV of A123 systems can be used for TESLA motors)

21. 20 | P a g e
3. JAYPEE INFRATECH
Mar-08 Mar-09 Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12 Mar-13 Mar-14 Mar-15 Mar-16 Mar-17 Mar-18
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Sales 0.00 554.54 640.65 832.85 1082.70 1407.51 1829.76 2378.69 3092.30 4019.98 5225.98
Expenses 3.59 238.68 48.55 83.28 108.27 140.75 182.98 237.87 309.23 402.00 522.60
Expenseas%ofSales 43.04% 7.58%
EBIDTA -2.82 317.57 604.30 749.56 974.43 1266.76 1646.78 2140.82 2783.07 3617.99 4703.38
Depreciation 8.47 13.97 16.19 8.63 10.36 12.43 14.91 17.90 21.47 25.77 30.92
EBIT -11.29 303.60 588.11 740.93 964.07 1254.33 1631.87 2122.92 2761.59 3592.22 4672.46
InterestPaid 0.00 0.00 0.76
SecuredLoan 199.99 1867.54 5721.00
Tax 0% 12.049% 16.980%
NOPAT -11.29 267.020 488.250 503.83 655.57 852.94 1109.67 1443.59 1877.88 2442.71 3177.27
NetWorkingCapital 131.79 541.29 2473.5
ChangeinWC(FCF) 409.50 438.17 468.84 501.66 536.77 574.34 614.55 657.57 703.60 752.85
CapitalExpenditure 620.14 887.08 975.79 1073.37 1180.70 1298.77 1428.65 1571.52 1728.67 1901.53TerminalValue
FreeCashFlow -748.65 -820.81 -932.16 -909.10 -852.10 -748.53 -581.72 -329.73 36.21 553.81 16933.85
PresentValueofFCF 6371.39 -867.92 -788.12 -687.80 -562.57 -407.07 -214.83 21.97 312.81 9564.91
FCFF 6371.39
NetDebt 3938.03
FCFE(inCrores) INR2,433.36
TotalShareIssued(incrore) 22.70
SharePrice INR107.20
PROJECTEDHistorical

22. 21 | P a g e
4. PUNJAB AND SIND BANK
--------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- --------- ---------------- --------- ---------
Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
--------------------------------------- ---------- ---------- --------- ---------------- --------- ---------
A. Net Revenues 43.26 57.34 76.00 100.73 133.51 176.95
B. Total OperatingCost&Expenses (34.61) (45.87) (60.80) (80.58) (106.81) (141.56)
D. EBDIT 8.65 11.47 15.20 20.15 26.70 35.39
E. Depreciation & Amortization 0.06 0.50 0.66 0.83 1.02 1.23
F. EBIT 8.59 10.97 14.54 19.32 25.69 34.16
G. NOPLAT 5.76 7.35 9.74 12.94 17.21 22.89
I. Depreciation & Amortization 0.06 0.50 0.66 0.83 1.02 1.23
J. Δ NWC (5.82) (12.94) (15.20) (17.54) (19.76) (21.54)
K. CaPEX (0.93) (1.10) (1.29) (1.51) (1.77) (2.08)
L. Free Cash Flows (0.94) (6.19) (6.08) (5.28) (3.31) 0.50
A. Fixed Assets 5.39 6.32 7.42 8.71 10.22 11.99 14.07
B. Capital expenditure 0.93 1.10 1.29 1.51 1.77 2.08
C. Acc. depreciation 4.86 4.92 5.42 6.08 6.91 7.92
D. Net block 1.46 2.50 3.28 4.14 5.08 6.14
E. Depreciation 0.06 0.50 0.66 0.83 1.02 1.23
F. Current Assets 560.46 742.78 984.40 1304.63 1729.03 2291.48
G. Current Liabilities 502.91 672.29 898.72 1201.41 1606.04 2146.95
H. NWC 57.55 70.49 85.69 103.22 122.99 144.52
Cost of equity
Cost of capital Long-TermGrowth Rate: 2015
Continueing value 10.94 NOPAT 22.9
Long Term Debt 14.70 Invested Capital 523.0
Cash and Cash Equivalents 47.55 ROC 4.3763%
The value of equity 23.61 38.41
Outstanding Shares 0.18 Net Reinvestment 22.1
Value/Share 128.92 NOPAT 22.9
Reinvestment Rate 96.3%
Tax Rate 33.00%
Growth Assumption( for the 1st 5 yrs) 32.54% Est. Terminal Growth 4.22%
Expenditure(% of net revenues) 80.00%
Depreciation (% of Net Block) 20.00%
Fixed Assets 17.34%
Terminal Growth 4.20%
WACC 8.96%
PUNJAB AND SIND BANK VALUATION
FINANCIAL PROJECTIONS (values in billion(Rs) except no. ofshares)

23. 22 | P a g e
5. FRESNILLO Plc
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Sales 417.072 555.39 647.94 777.53 933.03 1119.64 1343.57 1612.28 1934.74 2321.69 2786.02
Expense 283.82 358.61 430.31 529.28 651.02 800.75 984.92 1211.45 1490.09 1832.81 2254.36
EBITDA 199.24 325.00 269.87 314.07 365.52 425.39 495.07 576.16 670.54 780.37 908.20
Depreciation 34.5 41.41 49.87 59.84 71.81 86.18 103.41 124.09 148.91 178.69 214.43
EBIT 164.74 283.47 220.00 254.23 293.71 339.22 391.66 452.07 521.63 601.68 693.77
InterestPaid 14.89 15.70
SecuredLoan
Tax 35.43 87.63 74.68
NOPAT 195.84 145.32 172.88 199.72 230.67 266.33 307.41 354.71 409.14 471.76
NetWorkingCapital 114.45 171.58 235.00
ChangeinWC 57.13 63.42 69.76 76.74 84.41 92.85 102.14 112.35 123.59 135.95
CapitalExpenditure 78.77 103.45 113.80 125.17 137.69 151.46 166.61 183.27 201.59 221.75TerminalValue
FreeCashFlow 101.35 28.32 49.16 69.62 94.74 125.43 162.76 208.00 262.65 328.49 2007.17
PresentValue 905.68 40.62 47.54 53.45 58.47 62.70 66.21 69.08 71.39 436.22
FCFF
NetDebt 0.00
FCFE 905.68
TotalShareIssued(inmillion) 82.89
SharePrice($) 10.93
FRESNILLOPLC
ProjectedHistorical
Yearended31December

24. 23 | P a g e
6. FLYBE
Mar-07 Mar-08 Mar-09 Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12 Mar-13 Mar-14 Mar-15 Mar-16
Note:in₤'million 1 2 3 4 5 6
Sales 367.474£ 535.864£ 572.389£ 570.500£ 656.075£ 754.486£ 867.659£ 997.808£ 1,147.479£ 1,319.601£
Depreciation 11.585£ £ 16.226 £ 23.189 £ 29.000 32.770£ 37.030£ 41.844£ 47.284£ 53.431£ 60.377£
EBIT 13.881-£ £ 33.223 £ 7.906 £ 27.600 33.120£ 39.744£ 47.693£ 57.231£ 68.678£ 82.413£
EBITMargin 6% 1% 5% 5.05% 5.27% 5.50% 5.74% 5.99% 6.25%
InterestPaid 3.461£ 8.772£ 9.591£ 3.200£
SecuredLoan 153.516£ 103.814£ 89.681£ 83.400£
Tax 22% 28% 30% 28%
NOPAT 10.827-£ 23.921£ 5.534£ 19.872£ 21.528£ 25.834£ 31.000£ 37.200£ 44.640£ 53.569£
NetWorkingCapital £ 29.300 £ 24.000 £ 12.240 £ 8.900
ChangeinWC -£ 5.300-£ 11.760-£ 3.340-£ 3.607-£ 3.896-£ 4.207-£ 4.544-£ 4.908-£ 5.300-£
CapitalExpenditure 41.255£ 4.019-£ 11.928-£ 10.800£ 52.486£ 60.359£ 69.413£ 79.825£ 91.798£ 105.568£ TerminalValue
FreeCashFlow 40.497-£ 49.466£ 52.411£ 41.412£ 5.419£ 6.401£ 7.639£ 9.204£ 11.180£ 13.677£ 135.09
PresentValueofFCF 97.708£ 4.790£ 5.002£ 5.277£ 5.620£ 6.035£ 6.526£ 64.46
FCFF 97.71£
NetDebt 37.30
FCFE(inmillions)) 60.41£
TotalShareIssued(inmillions) 20.380
SharePrice 2.964£
Historical PROJECTED

25. 24 | P a g e
H. References
 www.capitaline.com
 http://www.sebi.gov.in/
 www.sec.gov
 www.nse-india.com
 www.fresnillo.com
 www.teslamotors.com
 www.linkedin.com
 www.flybe.com
 www.jaypeeinfratech.com
 www.londonstockexchange.com
 www.psbindia.com
 www.uk.finance.yahoo.com
 www.in.finance.yahoo.com
 www.bloomberg.com
 www.uk.reuters.com
 www.moneycontrol.com
 www.bse-india.com
 www.fsa.gov.uk