Raffles International Institute Module: Building technology and construction Lecturer: Sandra Draskovic Term April 2013

1. Raffles International Institute WEEKLY SCHEDULE
STAIRCASE

2. Raffles International Institute WEEKLY SCHEDULE
DIVISON ACCORDING TO:
1.STRUCTURAL LOAD-BEARING SYSTEM: PRECAST, STRINGS,
CANTELIVER ...
2.TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION: RAINFORCED CONCRETE,
WOODEN, STEEL, GLASS ...
3.MATERIALIZATION OF STAIRCASE AND BALUSTRADE
4.POSITION IN BUILDING: INTERIOR OR EXTERIOR
5.PURPOSE: MAIN OR AUXILIARY
6.SHAPE OF THE FLIGHTS: STRAIGHT, SPIRAL, HELICAL,
MATHEMATICAL, MIX ...
7.NUMBER OF FLIGHTS: SINGLE, HALF-TURN, 2, 3 FLIGHTS ...

3. Raffles International Institute WEEKLY SCHEDULE
STAIRCASE CALCULATION:
TREAD / RISER/NUMBER OF HEIGHTS / LENGTH OF FLIGHT
1. RELATION BETWEEN RISER HIGHT AND TREAD MEASUREMENT SHALL
BE PROPORTIONAL TO LENGTH OF HUMAN STEP (63-65CM)
2. IN BUILDINGS RISER HEIGHTS ARE BETWEEN 14 – 19 CM ( ALL BELLOW
14CM IS CONSIDERED AS RAMP, AND HIGHER THAN 19CM AS STEEP
STAIRCASE). 16/31; 17/29; 18/27 ; 19/25
3. MAX DISTANCE BETWEEN BALUSTRADE NEWEL IS 12 cm.
MIN BALUSTRADE HEIGHT IS 100 cm.
MIN WIDTH OF STAIRCASE IS 80 cm (70). LARGER THAN 90 cm IS
CONSIDERED COMFORTABLE FOR HUMAN USING AND MOVING
FURNITURE.

4. Raffles International Institute WEEKLY SCHEDULE
TREAD / RISER/NUMBER OF HEIGHTS / LENGTH OF FLIGHT
3. FORMULA:
B = (63 – 65) – 2 X H
Min number of treads in a single flight is 3 and max between 12-15 before landing
platform.
B
H
A

5. October 12© Draskovic 2012
RAFFLES October 2012
Raffles International Institute ELEMENTS OF CONSTRUCTION
roof system
walls
staircase
window
floor systems
foundation

6. RAFFLES October 2012
Raffles International Institute STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
VERTICAL
COMMUNICATION
RAMPS, 15 º STAIRCASE STEEP
STAIRCASE
ELEVATOR

7. RAFFLES October 2012
Raffles International Institute STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
VERTICAL
COMMUNICATION
RAMPS, 15 º STAIRCASE STEEP
STAIRCASE
ELEVATOR
TYPE OF STAIRCASES

8. RAFFLES October 2012
Raffles International Institute STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
H
L

9. RAFFLES October 2012
Raffles International Institute STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
WIDTH OF STAIRCASES
1.A = 80 (70) CM
2.A = 90 CM
3.A = 120 CM
4.A = 150 CM
5.A = 180, 210 CM

10. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TYPES OF LOAD BEARING SYSTEM:
1.PRECAST CONCRETE
WALL-WALL OR WALL TO BEAM
2. STEEP STRINGS: CENTRAL OR SIDE
3. CANTILEVERED
4. LOAD-BEARING BEAMS
5. MONOLITHIC RC STAIRCASE

11. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TYPES OF LOAD BEARING SYSTEM:
1. PRECAST OR PARTLY PREFABRICATED
01. side stringers 02. landing beams 03. central stringer
prefabricated

12. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TYPES OF LOAD BEARING SYSTEM:
1. PRECAST OR PARTLY PREFABRICATED

13. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TYPES OF LOAD BEARING SYSTEM:
3. FULLY PREFABRICATED / CANTILEVERED
01. cantilevered 02. side stringers 03. central stringer
prefabricated

14. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TYPES OF LOAD BEARING SYSTEM:
3. FULLY PREFABRICATED / CANTILEVERED

15. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TYPES OF LOAD BEARING SYSTEM:
3. FULLY PREFABRICATED / CANTILEVERED

16. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TYPES OF LOAD BEARING SYSTEM:
3. FULLY PREFABRICATED / CANTILEVERED

17. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TYPES OF LOAD BEARING SYSTEM:
5. MONOLITHIC RC STAIRCASE
01. beam-slab-beam 02. cranked slab 03. beam-slab-wall

18. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS

19. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
STEEL STAIRCASES:
CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS: SIDE STRINGERS, LANDING
ANGLE BLOCK, LANDING PLATFORM, BALUSTRADE

20. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
STEEL STAIRCASES:
1.OPEN STEEL STAIRCASES:
CENTRAL STRINGER, SADDLE, LANDING ANGLE BLOCK,
BUTTRESS

21. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
STEEL STAIRCASES:
2. CLOSED STEEL STAIRCASE: PREFABRICATED CLOSING
FRONT

22. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
WOODEN STAIRCASE:
ELEMENTS:
1. PRIMARY:
STRINGERS,
BUTTRESS,
LANDING ANGLE BLOCK
2. SECUNDARY:
LANDING PLATFORM,
CONNECTIONS,
BALUSTRADE

23. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
WOODEN STAIRCASE:

24. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
WOODEN STAIRCASE: ANCHORED AND WEDGED

25. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
ONE FLIGHT STAIRCASE

26. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
ONE FLIGHT STAIRCASE

27. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
GEOMETRICAL STAIRCASE

28. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TWO FLIGHT + LANDING STAIRCASE

29. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TWO FLIGHTS STAIRCASE – HALF TURN

30. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TWO FLIGHTS STAIRCASE, CANTILEVERED

31. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TREE FLIGHTS STAIRCASE – QUARTER TURN

32. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
HELICAL STAIRCASE

33. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
GEOMETRICAL STAIRCASE

34. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
TWO FLIGHTS STAIRCASE – HALF TURN

35. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
LUXURY HELICAL STAIRCASE

36. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
LUXURIOUS HELICAL STAIRCASE

37. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
LUXURIOUS HELICAL STAIRCASE

38. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
CASE STUDY – HELICAL STAIRCASE
RESIDENTIAL SPACE
STEEL STRINGER / STEEL BEAMS /
COLUMNS
GLASS AND METAL BALUSTRADE

39. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
CASE STUDY – HELICAL STEEL STAIRCASE

40. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
CASE STUDY – HELICAL STEEL STAIRCASE

41. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
CASE STUDY – HELICAL STEEL STAIRCASE

42. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS

43. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
CASE STUDY – HELICAL STEEL STAIRCASE

44. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
CASE STUDY – HELICAL STEEL STAIRCASE

45. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS
CASE STUDY – HELICAL STEEL STAIRCASE

46. Raffles International Institute TYPOLOGY AND ELEMENTS