Cnfms 18-06-14 sai bhaskar

28 Feb 2014
ClimaAdapt Project and
Canal Network Flow Monitoring System
Workshop on
Adaptation to Climate Change - Water Use Efficiency at
Water And Land Management Training and Research Institute (WALAMTARI)
Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy
Coordinator, ClimaAdapt Project, WALAMTARI

Software and
Sensors Dev. Team
RESEARCH IMPLEMENTATION
CAPACITY
BUILDING
- Superintending
Engineer and
team
- Farmers
Associations and
other
institutions
- Farmers
- WALAMTARI
- Field Training
Centres
- Water Manager
- PhD Scholars
- Internships
Canal Network Flow Monitoring System
[CNFMS]
Design
- Project
Leader
-Software
Engineer
Implement
- AEE
-AEE
-AEE
ClimaAdapt
I&CAD
BIOFORSK &
PARTNERS
WALAMTARICNFMS
WATER
MANAGEMENT

• CNFMS is a web based software application for
Canal Network Flow Monitoring System as part
of ClimaAdapt to monitor canal flow (static
and dynamic) at specified guage points and
automate guage readings by minimizing
human intervention thus increasing the
accuracy and efficiency of monitoring system.
• It is an advanced technique to quantify water
measurement at a particular location in a
canal, these measurements are used for the
operational managements of pumps and
gates.
WATER
MANAGEMENT

• Monitoring
• Control centre
• Sensors development lab
• Software development
• Operation and maintenance -
Sensors, instruments,
transducers, communication
systems, power, etc.
• Decision support systems –
Information visualization,
Graphics, Artificial Intelligence,
analysis, reports, etc.
WATER
MANAGEMENT
CENTRE
(CNFMS)

RBC (Replogle, Bos, Clemmens) flumes

TYPES OF SENSORS
SENSORS
CONTACT
PRESSURE TYPE
CAPACITANCE TYPE
SHAFT ENCODERS
BUBBLER
NON CONTACT
ULTRASONIC
RADAR
ADCP (SONAR)
Mobile Canal Control
7

Digital Pulsed Doppler or
ADCP
>contact type
• Pulsed wave (PW) Doppler systems use a transducer
that alternates transmission and reception of
ultrasound.
• One main advantage of pulsed Doppler is its ability
to provide Doppler shift data selectively from a small
segment along the ultrasound beam, referred to as the
“sample volume”.
• The location of the sample volume is operator
controlled.
8

Aqua Profiler
> Contact type
• The system is designed to measure both, the vector and
the magnitude (using twin velocity beams) of individual
velocity cells to account for velocity variations within
the flow and obtain the flow profile.
• A third vertical acoustic or hydrostatic sensor beam is
used to measure water level.
10

RiverSurveyor
• The patented and award-winning RiverSurveyor®,
S5/M9 systems give a new perspective to the
notion of measuring open channel hydraulics. Using
SonTek's exclusive SmartPulseHD®, multiple
acoustic frequencies are fused with precise
bandwidth control for the most robust and
continuous shallow-to-deep discharge
measurements ever. A deterministic
microcontroller expertly apportions the proper
acoustics, pulse scheme, and cell size to get the
highest definition possible so you can focus on the
measurement, not the instrument setup. The
system even has a vertical beam for precise
channel definition and it's all designed to work
intuitively.

Ultrasonic transmitters
> Non contact
• operate by sending a sound wave generated from a
piezoelectric transducer to the surface of the process material
being measured.
• transmitter measures the length of time it takes for the
reflected sound wave to return to the transducer.
• successful measurement depends on the wave, reflected from
the process material and moving in a straight line back to the
transducer.
• factors such as dust, heavy vapours, tank obstructions, surface
turbulence, foam, and even surface angles can affect the
returning signal when using an ultrasonic level sensor.
13

Radar
> Non contact
• Working principle is similar to ultrasonic sensors.
• operation of all radar level detectors involves sending
microwave beams emitted by a sensor to the surface of
liquid.
• electromagnetic waves after hitting the fluids surface
returns back to the sensor which is mounted at the top.
• The time taken by the signal to return back i.e. time of
flight (TOF) is then determined to measure the level of
fluid.
14

COMPONENTS OF RADAR SENSOR SYSTEM
16

DATA VISUALISATION
Graphical representation
17

Tabular data representation
18

SENSORS WATER
LEVEL
ACCURACY POWER
INPUT
COST/UNIT(Rs)
SERVICE OF AGENCY
1) CAMPBELL
SCIENTIFIC
1 year warrenty
>RADAR RANGING SENSOR 40275-72585
a)CS475-L 50mm-20m ± 5mm 9.6-16 Vdc
b)CS476-L 50mm-30m ±3mm 9.6-16 Vdc
c)CS477-L 400mm-70m ±15mm 9.6- 16 Vdc
>SONIC RANGING SENSOR 2565-55285
SR50A-L 0.5-10m ±1cm 9-18 Vdc
2) VIRTUAL
ELECTRONICS
>DIGITAL WATER LEVEL RECORDER-RADAR TYPE 3025-60125
DWLR-R 15m-70m ±2mm 12 v
20

3) HYDROVISION
>ULTRASONIC LEVEL
SENSOR
2575-50254
SEP3702 25m ±2% 24 Vdc
SHANGHAI
CX-RLM RADAR
WATER LEVEL
SENSOR WITH
ALARM
30 m <0.1% 4216-60230 1Year warranty
4) CHEMINS
WATER LEVEL
SENSOR LKZLD-A
30 m <0.1% 24 Vdc
RADAR WATER
LEVEL SENSPOR
HD
30 m 6000-12000
21

5) SHANGHAI
CX-RLM-081
PULSE RADAR
INFRARED
WATER LEVEL
SENSOR
20m <0.1% 7000-60230
RRF-15 70m ±5mm 60230-18690
VRPWRD51-56 20m ±10mm 48184-12460
VRPWRD35 20m ±3mm 24 Vdc 48184-12460
SHAANXI CHINA-RADAR WATER LEVEL
SENSOR
YK=RLT01 35m ±2mm 6023-72276
22

CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC
RADAR RANGING SENSORS
CS475-L
23

SONIC RANGING SENSOR
SR50A-L
26

VIRTUAL ELECTRONICS
DIGITAL WATER LEVEL RECORDER-RADAR
TYPE
DWLR-R 27

HYDROVISION
ULTRASONIC LEVEL SENSOR
SEP3702 28

!
! !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Krishna River
Guntur Branch Canal
Bellam
konda
Branch
Canal
DarsiBranch
Canal
AddankiBranch
Canal
ZulakalluBranchCanal
O
ngole
B
ranch
C
anal
Reservoir
M
AIN
CANAL
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
It is captured & stored in
the pre designed format
in central database
server
Website access
to public
Water release information
is being recieved through
SMS
NSRC Guage Locations

CHALLENGES IN COLLECTING DATA
• The problem with manual
measurements is that
these are less accurate
than automatic
measurements and often
cannot be completely
reproduced.
• The first problem primarily has
to do with entering data
manually, while the second
problem is caused by different
colleagues in the field taking
measurements in different
ways
• People can cheat by sending
information without being in
the field based on their
experience / guess.

WATER
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS
TIMELY RELEASE OF WATER
ANALYSISVOLUME OF WATER

REAL-TIME DATA
You can view Real-time data
Real-time water data app: The application allows water users to instantly access information from
handheld devices on stream and salinity levels for surface water, major dam levels and inflows and
water table data. The free mobile app will be made available for iPhone, Android and MS Windows.
River levels and
flows
Canal Levels at
nodes
Storage elevations,
volumes and
discharges
Salinity,
temperature and
turbidity
Bore water levels.
Determine
water
availability,
water
allocations and
water releases
develop water
sharing plans
evaluate the
performance of
water sharing
plans
predict flood
levels to
protect people
and property
gauge the
health of rivers
and floodplains
improve our
understanding
of climate
change
management
manage
surface and
groundwater
resources
throughout the
State.

Real time Maps
http://washtech.wordpress.com/2010/11/03/monitori
ng-water-for-people-launches-android-app/

Interactive Information Dissemination system
• Weather forecast
information to mobiles
• Pest and disease
surveillance for major crops
(need time series data of
major pest and crop)
• Weather based crop
insurance products
Computer
- models
ObservationsWeather
information
VIPS

With the MobileTracker, a water systems operator or
hydrographer can take a field measurement by simply taking a
picture; the rest is done automatically.

The Mobile Level
Tracker allows you
to measure water
levels with the click
of a button. The
inaccuracy of the
measurement is
less than 10 mm
when using a
metric staff gauge
and 0.15 inch
when using an
English staff
gauge.

https://www.google.co.in/search?q=
precision+agriculture+robots&espv=
210&es_sm=93&tbm=isch&tbo=u&s
ource=univ&sa=X&ei=LSYQU5q1H4
jTrQfz6IGoAQ&ved=0CDwQsAQ&bi
w=1366&bih=667

Radar Level Sensor
Surface Water Level Sensors
http://www.hachhydromet.com/web/ott_hach.nsf/wcms/7EECCC2BD1B64752C1257B250
07FD92F/$file/Surface%20Water%20Level%20Sensor%20Selection%20Guide.pdf
Measures the
distance from the
water surface to the
bottom of the radar
sensor
Non-contact water
level measurement,
ideal for measuring
flood stages
Flat sensor design –
significantly reduces
maintenance
requirements and
frequency
Uses standard
communication
protocols like SDI-12

Shaft Encoders
Continuous
Measurement of
water level using
float-operated shaft
encoder
Available with an
integrated datalogger
or sensor-only for use
with external
dataloggers
Integrated LCD
display (Thalimedes
only)
Remote data
transmission option
available using the
OTT ITC

Surface Water pressure sensors
Ceramic pressure
measurement cell –
robust and reliable,
with 5 x burst
pressure
Compensated for
barometric pressure,
temperature, and
water density
High grade 904 L
Stainless Steel –
designed for use in
harsh environments,
like saltwater
Simple maintenance
– easily replace
battery and
desiccant on-site
without tools

Pressure Level Sensor
Ceramic pressure
measurement cell –
robust and reliable,
with 5 x burst
pressure
Compensated for
barometric pressure,
temperature, and
water density
High grade 904 L
Stainless Steel –
designed for use in
harsh environments,
like saltwater
Simple maintenance
– easily replace
battery and
desiccant on-site
without tools

All-in-one systems
For remote transmission of
water level, depth to water
and temperature
Conductivity
measurement available
with ecoLog 800
Integrated
programmable
datalogger, stores up to
500.000 measurements
Support data
transmission via
GSM/GPRS cellular
using FTP, HTTP,
SMS or e-mail (SMTP)

Water Level Loggers
For monitoring water
level, depth to water, and
temperature
Available with high
accuracy
temperature or
conductivity
measurement
Integrated
programmable
datalogger, stores
up to 500.000
measured values
Remote data
transmission option
available when
paired with the OTT
ITC

Ultrasonic and sonic instruments
Non-Contact Water Level Sensors
http://www.stevenswater.com/water_level_sensors/non-contact_info.html
Both ultrasonic and sonic level instruments
operate on the basic principle of using sound
waves to determine fluid level. The frequency
range for ultrasonic methods is ~20-200 kHz,
and sonic types use a frequency of 10 kHz. a
transducer directs sound waves downward in
bursts onto the surface of the water. Echoes of
these waves return to the transducer, which
performs calculations to convert the distance of
wave travel into a measure of level. For
practical applications of this method, you must
consider a number of factors.

EC-5 Lowest Cost Volumetric Water Content Sensor
Small Area of Influence
http://www.decagon.com/products/soils/volumetric-water-content-sensors/ec-5-soil-
moisture-small-area-of-influence/
Reasons to pick the EC-5:
• If volumetric water content is the only
measurement you need.
• If you are on a tight budget.
• If you want a basic, all-purpose sensor
with excellent accuracy.
• If you are interested in a small volume of
influence (eg., field spatial variability, lab
column studies, or greenhouse research).

10HS Large Volume
Soil Moisture
http://www.decagon.com/products/soils/volumetric-water-content-sensors/ec-5-soil-
moisture-small-area-of-influence/
Measurements:
• Dielectric Permittivity,
• Volumetric Water
Content
Applications:
• Hydrology,
• Irrigation Scheduling,
• Water Balance Studies

Cup type Water Current Meter
www.krinstruments.com
You can use cup type current meter using a
cable with sinking weight or wading rod and
will accurately measure stream flow velocities
from 0.3 to 3.5 meters per second with cups.
(Also available in measuring range up to 6
meter per second) The cup type current meter
manufactured as per IS 3910 – 1966. You can
connect this current meter to an automatic
counter / Water Velocity indicator (Sold
Separately). The calibration chart provided
with the meter gives the velocity in m/sec .

Digital water flow meter measure instrument
http://www.alibaba.com/product-
gs/1508624988/digital_water_flow_meter_measure_instrument.html?s=p
1.measure
conductive
liquid
2.no
pressure
drop
3.wide
spaned
4.high
accuracy

Digital Handheld Ultrasonic Flow Instrument
UFLO2000H Used for Water
http://www.alibaba.com/showroom/water-flow-measuring-instruments.html
Large-screen LCD
* Non-
contacting
measuring
* Built-in data-
logger *
Built-in rechargeable
battery
* High accuracy
measuring * Wide
measuring range
* Small and light
* RS-232
serial interface

Cnfms 18-06-14 sai bhaskar

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Cnfms 18-06-14 sai bhaskar