This document provides instruction on how to find and evaluate academic sources for a biology course. It begins by outlining the session's learning objectives, which include learning how to search the library catalog for books, determine a library's journal holdings, evaluate the nature of articles as primary or secondary research, and conduct searches in academic databases for peer-reviewed articles. The document then provides detailed explanations and examples for how to accomplish each of these tasks. It explains how to identify primary research articles by their typical format and components. It also contrasts primary and secondary research and provides exercises for students to practice evaluating article types. The document concludes by recommending specific academic databases for students to use for their research assignment and provides contact information for library assistance.

1. BIO 181 Danielle Carlock d.carlock@sccmail.maricopa.edu 480-425-6765

2. BY THE END OF TODAY’S SESSION YOU WILL BE ABLE TO Conduct a search for books in the library catalog Determine journal holdings at various libraries Determine the nature of an article Conduct a search for peer reviewed articles Complete the library lab assignment!

3. How to find books Question 1 How to look up books in the library catalog

4. Does the library have journal X???? Question 2… determining whether a library has a given journal SCC-SCC periodical holdings ASU-One Search (journals) UA-Other Search Options (ejournals)

5. Does the library have article X??? A library may have access to a particular journal, but not a particular article in that journal Must look at the year the article was published &compare that to the range of years listed as the availability of that journal. EX: SCC has access to the journal Evolution, but only in a certain date range. What is it?

6. PRIMARY RESEARCH ARTICLES Purpose: to report the results of a single study or experiment The author(s) is/are the person(s) who conducted the study or experiment; i.e it is reported firsthand Example: Morphological response of songbirds to 100 years of landscape change in North America

7. TYPICAL FORMAT OF A FULL LENGTH PRIMARY RESEARCH ARTICLE Abstract Introduction Methods Results Discussion Works cited Not all primary research articles will follow this format. Some brief reports, etc do not.

8. Is this a primary research article? Wing assisted incline running and the evolution of flight

10. Ordering activity

12. Is this a primary or secondary article? Avian influenza: exploring all the avenues

15. PEER REVIEW Expert reviewers (peers) evaluate an article’s methodology, merit, and overall unique contribution to research in a specific discipline PRIOR to publication In the sciences and medicine, peer review is almost universal when it comes to primary research Some types of secondary literature (review articles) are also peer reviewed

16. NOTE: ALL OF THESE ARTICLE TYPES CAN APPEAR IN A PEER REVIEWED JOURNAL

17. Fill out the Peer Reviewed? Column in question 4

18. QUESTION 5-Finding a known citation Find the volume number and authors of an article called “The Hallmarks of Cancer” published in the journal Cell in 2000. Use the SCC Periodical list on the library homepage. It takes you to the database(s) where this journal is available electronically, which allows you to get the information you need.

19. FINDING ARTICLES When you want to find articles on use specialized search engines available thru library These search engines are not available freely thru the web (ie. by googling) For question 6 and your Research Assignment you will need to use article databases

20. SUGGESTED DATABASES Science Direct PubMed (health/medical topics) JSTOR Wiley Online Library

21. NEXT STEPS Complete Question 6 Begin Research Assignment if time remains

22. GETTING HELP WITH RESEARCH Call the library 480-423-6650 Use the 24/7 chat service Visit the library information desk Contact me at 480 425 6765 or d.carlock@sccmail.maricopa.edu Refer to the BIO 181 libguide