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Teaching Methods
How to teach a language?
Why learning methods?
It is important to realise that teachers need to
know different approaches so that he or she can
choose the one that makes teaching more
comfortable.
What are the methods?
Larzen-Freeman (2008) presents several teaching methods:

             The grammar-translation method

                    The direct method

                 The audio-lingual method

                      The silent way

                  Total Physical Response

             Communicative language teaching
Which is the best one?
There’s no bad or good in this matter. It is good
to get to know them all.
Let’s start?
Now, we are going to talk about two of these
methods:

      The grammar-translation method
                    and
             The direct method
First of all...
The author of the book uses experiments to
explain how the methods work. It is important
to try the methods in fact, not only study them.
Grammar-Translation Method
This first method is based in an exchange of the
knowledge of the student’s mother language
and the new language’s one.
It is useful for literature situations, it means,
basically, for written texts, comprehension.
It allows the teacher and the students to use the
mother language to translate and create
references from one idiom to the other.

             I was in my mother’s house.




            Eu estava na casa da minha mãe.
Like this, he student becomes capable of
recognizing similar constructions and build in
their heads the ones that are new.
If the student can translate a text, both from
their mother language to the target language
and the opposite situation, then he or she is a
successful language learner.
How is the interaction in this method?
There must be much interaction from teacher to
students, a little student initiation and a little
student-student interaction.


                                    Student


    Teacher
                                              Student

                                   Student
What are the emphasized language
              skills?



                       Reading
                       Writing
                       Pronunciation
What is the role of the mother
              language?
The mother language is used to make clear
meanings.
This is the idiom that appears the most time
during the classes.
When mistakes happens...

The teacher corrects student’s errors and
supplies them with the correct answers.
To finish:
The most important thing about Grammar-
Translation is that the students learn about the
language but they do not learn how to use it.
They search for understanding a text which is
already written.
The Direct Method
This second method we are about to explain,
diferently from the one we have just saw, has
one basic rule:



           No translation
             is allowed.
The
 teacher
 uses the                   Knowledge
            Demonstration
                               of the
  target                       target
language                     language
 to learn
the same
   one.
How is the interaction in this method?
There is a great student-student interaction and
a significative student-teacher, but the ‘teacher-
student’ arrow is the biggest one.




                                       Student




                                 Student
What are the emphasized language
              skills?



                       Oral Communication
                       Pronunciation
                       Reading
                       Writing
What is the role of the mother
               language?
It should not be used in the classroom.
The teacher has to do everything that is possible
to make the student learn from the new
language.
When mistakes happens...
The teacher must try to get students to self-
correct whenever it is possible.
What about a guideline?
    Grammar-
                                     Direct Method
Translation Method
    Main goal: Understanting          Main goal: Communicating

                                    Role of native language: Almost
 Role of native language: Crucial
                                                  null

       How? Translating.                    How? Speaking


     Skills: Reading/ Writing               Skill: Speaking


   Errors: Teacher’s correction         Errors: Self-Correction
Reference
• LARZEN-FREEMAN, D. Techniques and
  principles in language teaching. 2nded.
  Oxford. 2008.p.11-33.
Group 3
•   Clarice Batista
•   Juliana Guerra
•   Rosana Soares
•   Sabrina Cotta

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Teaching methods

  • 1. Teaching Methods How to teach a language?
  • 2. Why learning methods? It is important to realise that teachers need to know different approaches so that he or she can choose the one that makes teaching more comfortable.
  • 3. What are the methods? Larzen-Freeman (2008) presents several teaching methods:  The grammar-translation method  The direct method  The audio-lingual method  The silent way  Total Physical Response  Communicative language teaching
  • 4. Which is the best one? There’s no bad or good in this matter. It is good to get to know them all.
  • 5. Let’s start? Now, we are going to talk about two of these methods: The grammar-translation method and The direct method
  • 6. First of all... The author of the book uses experiments to explain how the methods work. It is important to try the methods in fact, not only study them.
  • 7. Grammar-Translation Method This first method is based in an exchange of the knowledge of the student’s mother language and the new language’s one. It is useful for literature situations, it means, basically, for written texts, comprehension.
  • 8. It allows the teacher and the students to use the mother language to translate and create references from one idiom to the other. I was in my mother’s house. Eu estava na casa da minha mãe.
  • 9. Like this, he student becomes capable of recognizing similar constructions and build in their heads the ones that are new.
  • 10. If the student can translate a text, both from their mother language to the target language and the opposite situation, then he or she is a successful language learner.
  • 11. How is the interaction in this method? There must be much interaction from teacher to students, a little student initiation and a little student-student interaction. Student Teacher Student Student
  • 12. What are the emphasized language skills? Reading Writing Pronunciation
  • 13. What is the role of the mother language? The mother language is used to make clear meanings. This is the idiom that appears the most time during the classes.
  • 14. When mistakes happens... The teacher corrects student’s errors and supplies them with the correct answers.
  • 15. To finish: The most important thing about Grammar- Translation is that the students learn about the language but they do not learn how to use it. They search for understanding a text which is already written.
  • 16. The Direct Method This second method we are about to explain, diferently from the one we have just saw, has one basic rule: No translation is allowed.
  • 17. The teacher uses the Knowledge Demonstration of the target target language language to learn the same one.
  • 18. How is the interaction in this method? There is a great student-student interaction and a significative student-teacher, but the ‘teacher- student’ arrow is the biggest one. Student Student
  • 19. What are the emphasized language skills? Oral Communication Pronunciation Reading Writing
  • 20. What is the role of the mother language? It should not be used in the classroom. The teacher has to do everything that is possible to make the student learn from the new language.
  • 21. When mistakes happens... The teacher must try to get students to self- correct whenever it is possible.
  • 22. What about a guideline? Grammar- Direct Method Translation Method Main goal: Understanting Main goal: Communicating Role of native language: Almost Role of native language: Crucial null How? Translating. How? Speaking Skills: Reading/ Writing Skill: Speaking Errors: Teacher’s correction Errors: Self-Correction
  • 23. Reference • LARZEN-FREEMAN, D. Techniques and principles in language teaching. 2nded. Oxford. 2008.p.11-33.
  • 24. Group 3 • Clarice Batista • Juliana Guerra • Rosana Soares • Sabrina Cotta