1. WISP Assignment 2: CHINA Group Member: Liu Yigong Lam Ming Jun Yuan Shenghai Tio Wee Leong

2. Before viewing our presentation watch the following video for an overview of the situation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzDCX74V42s WARNING Conflict scenes take place in Urumqi city, Xin Jiang. Parental Guidance is advised. M18 – Blood and Violent Scenes

3. What was not right With Urumqi in 2009?

4. Where is Urumqi?! Urumqi

5. Review of History Time: 5 July 2009 Location:Ürümqi Incident: Peaceful protests turning into riots People Involved: - Han Chinese - Uyghur - Police

6. Urumqi July Riot 2009 Official Figures: 197 people died 1,721 others injured 627 vehicles destroyed 633 constructors damaged

8. Miscommunication & Mistrust

9. Unequal Education & Employment Opportunities

10. Leads to…

11. Stereotyping on both sides

12. Vicious cycle of hate and violenceTensions already at boiling point

13. Discrimination Misperceptions from both sides Older generation’s prejudice Uyghur are portrayed as barbarians by Han Chinese Hans are portrayed as heretic (against their Muslim religion) by Uyghurs Employment Han Employers bias preference for own race Education PRC officially give Uyghurs 20 marks advantage in university entrance exam to make up for the above short-coming, which is not working

14. History Centuries long prejudice and tensions Ghulja Incident -> Harsh army crackdown Recent tensions PRC argues terrorist influence on Uyghur population to justify it’s policies Uyghurs feel this is an excuse to deny their human rights PRC’s long term economic aim Western Development Program Neglecting short term issues expecting poverty to diminish overtime and Uyghurs to accept a Chinese identity

15. Statistic of Races Significant Han Chinese Assimilation of Uyghur’s Culture into Han’s started in the mid-20th century Note Riots take place in Urumqi, the capital of Xin Jiang

16. Consequences Feel they are gradually “squeezed” out in terms of… Economy Politics Culture And Religion

17. What has government done after riot? Media Control Online social networking website shut down Conceal Details Repression Rescue casualties The Blame game- Accuse World Uyghur Congress and RebiyaKadeeras the instigators

18. Conclusion on riot China government fails to- maintain the peace among racial - media control and repression Rebiya Kadeer and World Uyghur Congress “typically” blamed This can be categorized as a “terrorist attack”

19. Present situation in SG Relatively Peaceful – Racially Instances of Racial (Minority) Discrimination LKW’s Emphasis on Impact of Chinese Immigrants Gopolan’s View of Racial Inequality in Official Policies Malay’s Response to Foreigner during a Singapore Short Film Screening Event

20. Present Discriminations Against Foreign Workers Crammed Living Quarters Deportation Policy for Pregnant Maids

21. Present Discriminations Malays & Indians to Chinese Viewed by older generations of Chinese as the likely perpetrator of crimes Akin to how Han Chinese treat the Uyghurs

22. Society of SG ‘09 Technology & Western culture’s dominance amongst Youths How does it affect? Common ground established Higher awareness and access to phenomenal loads of info Unique generation with unprecedented level of information awareness Empowered to make better decisions

23. Similarities 75% Chinese in both Discrimination against minority Difference in extent Extremist Activities

24. Similarities Education Policies benefiting specific groups Excess control by Govt. Races prefer to stick with their own Evident in educational institutes.

25. Similarities Separatist activities Attacks on govt. infrastructure Chinese here are richer than other ethnic groups In-proportionate political representation

26. Differences

27. Differences

28. Differences

29. Differences

30. Combined Effect All But One Ingredients for Racial Incident “Bomb” in Place Minority (All Others, 25.8%, 2009) Feelings of inequality, grudge against the majority Majority (Chinese, 74.2%, 2009) Unable to Accept Differences with Other Races Only Missing Component is a Detonator A Single Instance of Public Racial Discrimination

31. SG 2061 : THE FUTURE Chinese becomes main language in Sg Minorities disadvantaged Selective employment 1 Rumor Protest Coalition of minorities, including foreigners possibly Possible similar conflicts leading to Urumqi

32. What Can be Done? Central Principle The price we are willing to pay for National Security Societal Security Sacrifice of Freedom

33. Education of Both Current & Next Generation Increase Exposure to the World at Large Strong Enforcement of Policies Heavy Penalties for Discrimination Secret Intelligence Agency Proposed “Vaccine” for the Situation

34. Possible Challenges / Problems Established Mindset of the Public Fundamental Cultural Differences Perpetration of Foreign Mal Intentions Detrimental Effect on Progress Present Feelings of Inequality

35. FOR GREAT JUSTICE! THE END!

36. Q & A

37. References The Singapore Solution, http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2010/01/singapore/jacobson-text/3 Movie Screening Event, http://www.lioncitydiy.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=2022&start=0 Gopolan Singapore Dissident, http://singaporedissident.blogspot.com/2009/12/singapore-stop-state-sanctioned-racial.html

38. References Pictures: http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%CE%DA%C2%B3%C4%BE%C6%EB7%2E5%D1%AA%D0%C8%CD%BC&in=25292&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&pn=14&rn=1&di=10196815504&ln=716&fr=&ic=0&s=0 http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%CE%DA%C2%B3%C4%BE%C6%EB7%2E5%D1%AA%D0%C8%CD%BC&in=25292&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&pn=14&rn=1&di=10196815504&ln=716&fr=&ic=0&s=0#pn23 http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=0&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%CE%DA%C2%B3%C4%BE%C6%EB7%2E5%D1%AA%D0%C8%CD%BC&in=25292&cl=2&cm=1&sc=0&lm=-1&pn=14&rn=1&di=10196815504&ln=716&fr=&ic=0&s=0#pn26 http://news.ifeng.com/photo/news/200907/0708_1397_1240646.shtml

39. References Terrorists: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Turkistan_Islamic_Movement History: http://www.uyghurnews.com/About_Uyghur_People.asp http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DcQcY54H4FM/ www.uygur.org/enorg/h_rights/ETIC_REPORT_2009.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_2009_%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi_riots http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/07/09/how_china_wins_and_loses_xinjiang?page=0,0&obref=obinsite http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1910302,00.html?iid=sphere-inline-sidebar http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/opinions/new-frontier-same-old-problems/article1208363/ http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/hotline/2009/07/chinas-oppression-of-uyghurs-remains.php