Corn-Based Ethanol and its Politics

Of Bushels, Booze, and Bullocks: Currrent Event Briefing June 18,2008 Introduction to Environmental Policy Marci E. Fiedler, Colin FitzGerald, Jessica McHugh, Alejandro Gomez Palma, Carlos Rymer Corn to Ethanol Subsidies in the United States

Current Event Briefing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],Introduction “ [T]he demands of America's ethanol programme alone account for over half the world's unmet need for cereals. Without that programme, food prices would not be rising anything like as quickly as they have been. ” The Economist Dec 6th 2007

[object Object],[object Object],Of Bushels: Corn Production , Ethanol and Price Impacts Corn Production 2007 (USDA): 13.1 Billion Bushels Up 24% from 2007. 93.6 million acres Highest level since 1944. $ 52,090,108,000 USD $ 4.00 usd/bushel 3.3 Billion Bushels ( 25 %)

Of Bushels: Corn Production, Ethanol and Price Impacts Gallons of ethanol 2006: 5 Billion Gallons 2006 Gasoline Consumption USA: 138 Billion Gallons Ethanol – Gasoline Equivalence: 4% of gasoline supply Wheat stocks are at their lowest level since 1980.

Of Bushels: Corn Production, Ethanol and Price Impacts “ The impact is around 3%...I invite you to do the homework… ” ''While we do have some role in higher corn prices, we're closer to a Little Bo Peep than an ax murderer…'' Vice President of USA Automotive Company President of the National Corn Growers Association “ The growing interest in ethanol fuel has other notable motives[…]: the need to diversify energy sources, the desire of many countries to meet their greenhouse gas abatement targets under the Kyoto Protocol, and the need to stabilize commodity prices and cut down on agricultural subsidies in line with WTO provisions.” Food Outlook , FAO (2006)

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Studies on Ethanol Energy Balance Credit : USDA

Production System Studied by Bruce Dale et al., 2002

Inputs According to Pimentel and Patzek, 2005 Energy Output Energy Input

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Bottom Line on Ethanol Energy Balance and Cost

Bullocks: The Politics of Current Subsidies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Bullocks: The Politics of Current Subsidies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Bullocks: The Politics of Current Subsidies ,[object Object],[object Object]

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References Martinelli, Jose Maria. 2002. Políticas públicas en el nuevo sexenio . Plaza y Valdés editores, México. Dale, E. Bruce and Kim, Seungdo. 2002. Allocation Procedure in Ethanol Production System from Corn Grain. International Journal of Life-Cycle Analysis. De Gorter, Harry and Just, David. 2008. Why new U.S. biofuel legislation is on track to waste billions of tax dollars, while subsidizing oil consumption . Cornell Chronicle: http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/May08/Perspective.deGorter.html Iowa Corn Association. “Frequently Asked Questions about Corn in Iowa “. Accessed June 17, 2008. http://www.iowacorn.org/cornuse/cornuse_20.html#harvest Pimentel, David and Patzek, Tad W. 2005. Ethanol Production Using Corn, Switchgrass, and Wood; Biodiesel Production Using Soybean and Sunflower. Natural Resources Research, Vol. 14, No. 1: 65-76. Shapouri, Hosein et. al. 2002. The Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol: An Update . USDA. U.S. Department of Agriculture. National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS). WASHINGTON, Jan. 11, 2008 http://www.nass.usda.gov/Newsroom/2008/01_11_2008.asp 1. Cover Slide: Generic photo of corn to be used for ethanol production 2. Cover Slide: 200-proof ethanol produced in a plant in Illinois, USA. https://www.eere-pmc.energy.gov/PMC_News/EERE_Program_News_3-08.aspx

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Corn-Based Ethanol and its Politics

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Corn-Based Ethanol and its Politics