1. The Structure of The Atom Chapter 2

2. Matter and Substance Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Made up of tiny and discrete particles (atoms, molecules and ions) The smallest particle, which can participate in a chemical reaction Atoms Group of two or more atoms which are chemically bonded together Molecules Ions Positively or negatively charged particles

4. Kinetic theory of matter Explain the energy and forces between particles in matter Three basic assumptions: Matter is made up of _____ particles. The tiny particles are in constant ______. When the temperature is _______, the particles gain more kinetic energy and move in greater speeds. tiny speed higher

5. Diffusion A process in which the particles of substance move and _________ the spaces in between the particles of another substance. Occurs in gases, _______ and solids. occupy liquids

6. Diffusion – Brownian Motion The movement of particles in all _______ caused by the _______ among the particles or between particles and the container wall. direction collision

7. Diffusion – Brownian Motion Examples: Movement of smoke particles in air Movement of pollen grains in water Pouring concentrated sugar solution in water

8. Diffusion

9. Diffusion in solid, liquid and gas

10. Diffusion in solid, liquid and gas

11. SOLID forces manner low

12. LIQUID weaker solid manner solid

13. GAS Weak far high random

15. Inter-conversion of matter Heating Gas Cooling E F C B A Liquid Solid D

16. Changes in the state of matter

17. Inter-conversion process Melting A Boiling B Sublimation C D Freezing E Condensation F Sublimation

19. Inter-conversion Processes

21. The heating curve of a substance Temperature (°C) F Boiling point D E Melting point C B A Time (Min)

22. The cooling curve of a substance Temperature (°C) P Boiling point R Q Freezing point T S U Time (Min)