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1. Non Verbal Communication – Body
Language
By: Soft skills World

2. What is Body Language?
Body Language is the communication of personal feelings,
emotions , attitudes, thoughts through body movements -
gestures, postures , facial expressions, walking styles,
positions & distance - either consciously or involuntarily i.e.
its not only your tongue you communicate with but also you
speak with your body movements & gestures.

3. Albert Meharbian’s Study
38% Voice/inflection
7% Words
55% Body Gestures/ Facial
Expressions

4. People Communicate Through…….

5. The Main Aspects of Body Language
• Gestures: A gesture is the verbal or non-verbal body
movement used to express or emphasize an idea , an
emotion or a state of mind.
• Body Movements: This includes the head, eyes, eyebrows ,
lips , neck , shoulders, fingers and so on. One can distinguish
four main kinds of gesticulation: Emblem, illustrators, regular
and self-touching.

6. • Behaviour : This refers quite simply , to
everything we do which is overt or
observable. It is important because it is
observable to others.
• Emotions: Refers to states such as
happiness, depression & anxiety &
milder moods such as feeling of
pleasure & displeasure , degrees of
excitement or drowsiness etc. A
‘Emotional cue’ is a facial
expression, body movement or
tone of voice indicative of emotion.

7. Communicating Non Verbally

8. 3 Clusters Of Body Parts To Understand
Body Language / Gestures
• Head consisting of
 Head  Ears
 Forehead  Nose
 Face  Lips
 Eyes  Tongue
 Eye-Brows  Teeth
• Torso from neck to upper part of legs
• Legs and arms both upper and lower parts

9. THE FACE
The face is the most significant and the
most photographed- part of human body
. The flashes of facial signals are
generally spontaneous reactions which a
person finds difficult to hide.

10. General Characteristics
• Expressions: Facial expressions are highly flexible &
changeable. The face can encode a variety of
communicative & informative messages.
Raise of eyebrows express astonishment.
We frown in displeasure or confusion.
Envy or disbelief may be displayed by a raised
eyebrow.

11. • Emotions:The face is the most reliable
indicator of a wide range of emotions :
Joy & happiness , fear , annoyance,
surprise, anger, sadness etc.
 When we are shocked we open our
mouth.
 Blushing is another facial
phenomenon that expresses emotion. A
shy person becomes red in face when
attention is focussed on him.

12. • Smiling: smiling & frowning are two major facial
expressions.
A genuine smile means ‘I appreciate you’; ‘I
accept your ideas’.
A frown means ‘I find you puzzling’.
• Laughter: Laughter is composed of a broad range
of gesture & sounds.
 ‘Ha-Ha’ is a genuine laughter.
 ‘He-He’ is a mocking laughter.
 ‘Hee-Hee’ suggests a secret giggle.
 ‘Ho-Ho’ communicates surprise

13. Head Gestures
• The Head Nod : A nod depicts a positive signal & a ‘head-
shake’ signifies ‘no’ or a negative gesture.
• Head nods show continuing attention , it also depicts what
is happening to us emotionally. Heads tilt is a signal of
interest.

14. • Eyebrows:
 People lower or knit their
eyebrows when they show
disagreement or
displeasure.
 Frown when in
• Mouth :
displeasure.
 When ‘raised’ , the mouth
communicates positive feelings ,
happiness , optimism.
 If kept ‘straight’ to conceal emotion.
 ‘Turned down’ to express sadness,
confusion , dissatisfaction.

15. • The Lips: When one
does not utter a word
lips can be eloquent
because silent lips
express a wide range of
emotions from smile to
frown. • Throat: when the
Adam’s applejump
unconsciously signals
anxiety,
embarrassment or
stress.

16. The Eyes
• The eyes can be steely, knowing, mocking, piercing,
shifty. They can level a burning glance, or a cold glance
or a hurt glance or again can be wise , knowing , inviting ,
scary , disinterested and so on.
 Pupils dilate when a person is interested.
 We gaze in order to perceive the expressions of others.
 We look straight in the eye to get attention.

17. • Ways of Looking:
 Side long glance is referred to as stolen
look.
 Blank stare depicts boredom.
 Sparkling eyes are an attribute of those
who have ‘magnetic personalities’.
• Glasses:
 Peering over glass depicts being
judgmental or critical.
 Dark glasses are worn by those who
conceal their genuine feelings.

18. Faces do speak !

19. Facial Expressions

20. THE HANDS • The Human hand is a restless
organ
 Limp hands show boredom.
 Nervous or jittery person
shows restless hands.
 Clenched hands often shows
frustration.
 Clapping of hands shows
applause.

21. • When the arms are crossed they form a ‘barrier’ to an
impending threat.
• Arms folded with finger tucked in armpits & thumbs
sticking out: this is when subordinate faces his superior
whom he considers equal.
• Arms behind the back is resorted by those who is
experiencing an inner conflict.
• Neck stroking signals suspicion.

22. • Putting objects in mouth is when they are
busy with something.
• Pinching the bridges of nose indicates a
person in deep thought.
• Nose rub is a sign of rejection.
• Chin stroking is when people are in deep
reflection.
• Slapping the head signifies self punishment.
• Hands behind the head is used by
professionals who are confident &
dominant.

23. Styles Of Handshake
• Palm down thrust : signifies dominance or aggression.
• Palm up position shows submission by the giver.
• Glove Handshake: ‘Politician Handshake’, this is with
people one is familiar with.

24. THE LEGS
• Crossed legs signify negativity.
• The foot lock is especially among shy & timid women.
• The ankle lock signifies ‘holding back’ of strong
feelings , attitudes & emotions.
• Sitting on edge of chair indicates compromise, accept
or agree or conclude.
• Rocking or swinging in chair indicates a person is in
full control of situation.

25. Walking Gestures
• Arms swinging.
• Hands in pockets.
• Hands on hips.
• Meditative walk.
• Confidence walk.
• Leadership walk.
• Pacing.
• Swagger.

26. When _____ people enter an elevator, they
1.One or two each...
...lean against the walls of the elevator.
2. Three or four
...occupy a corner.
3.five or six
...all turn to face the door.
...get taller and thinner.
...hands and purses and briefcases hang
down in front of the body, or "fig leaf position."

27. Sign language
Audio Signals – Buzzers, Fire Alarms, Sirens
Visual signs – Pictures, Graphs, and tables
Body Language
Head position
Face
Eyes contact
Gestures- movement of arms, lags and hands
Para Language
Voice – Speaking Speed, Pitch variation, Pause, fluency
Word Stress

29. Territory
• Intimate • Social
– Touching – Close 4-7 feet
– 6-18” – Far - 7-12 feet
• Personal • Public
– Close -1½ to 2½ feet – Close - 12-25 feet
– Far - 2½ to 4 ½ feet – Far - 25 feet or
greater

30. Different Cultures ...
• A crowded culture
• What is your private
space?

31. When you invade my space
• Reactions to an invasion
of your space
– Feel troubled
– Get defensive
– Become aggressive
– Retaliate

32. Masks We Wear
• Public Masks
– Public smile
– Clothing
– Putting on my face
• Extended territory
– On the road
– At work
• Can we drop masks?

33. Jockeying for position
• Inclusive - Non-inclusive
– How you include/exclude others in a group
• Parallel body positions
– Will position yourselves to relate to each other
– Side by side are neutral
– Facing means people are involved
• Congruence-incongruence
– Groups that imitate each other

34. Looking
• How long do you look?
– Staring- dehumanizes or challenges
– Glances - socially acceptable timing
– Appraisal- may indicate interest
• Do you look when you talk?
• Do you look when you listen?

35. Misinterpretation = Trouble??
• Lost business
– Lack of animation = lack of interest?
– US tendency to get right to business

36. Troubles
• Conflict with peers
• Different work styles
• Wrong assumptions

37. Trouble….
• Misinterpretation of signals
– Can be BIG trouble
– Legal trouble
– Do you know how to act
or are you confused?

39. Do you know what you are saying?