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Cis166 Final Review C#
1. CIS-166 Final
Open book, open notes, open computer
100 points
True/false, multiple choice, fill-in, short
answer
Emphasis on material since midterm
2. Arrays
List or series of values all referenced by
the same name
Use an array to keep a series of variables
for later processing such as
◦ Reordering
◦ Calculating
◦ Printing
3. Array Terms
Element
◦ Individual item in the array
Index (or subscript)
◦ Zero based number used to reference
the specific elements in the array
◦ Must be an integer
Boundaries
◦ Lower Subscript, 0 by default
◦ Upper Subscript
4. Simple Array Example
studentNames Array
(0) Janet Baker
(1) George Lee
(2) Sue Li
(3) Samuel Hoosier
(4) Sandra Weeks
(5) William Macy
(6) Andy Harrison
(7) Ken Ford
(8) Denny Franks
(9) Shawn James
5. Dim Statement for Arrays
Default Values
string[] strName = string[4]
Results in an array of 4 elements:
strName(0), strName(1),
strName(2), strName(3)
decimal[] decBalance= new
decimal[100]
Results in an array of 100 elements:
decBalance(0), . . . , decBalance(99)
6. Dim Statement for Arrays
Assigned Values
string[] departments = {"ACT", "MKT", "HR"}
Results in an array with 3 elements, each with a value,
departments[0] is “ACT”
Integer[] intActCode = {10, 20, 30, 40}
Results in an array with 4 elements, each with a number
stored
7. Referencing Array Elements
Use the Index(es) of the Element
strName(row)
(0) Sam Smith strName[0] : "Sam Smith"
(1) Jill Creech strName[1] : "Jill Creech"
(2) Paul Fry strName[2] : "Paul Fry"
(3) Rich Wells strName[3] : "Rich Wells"
8. Working with Arrays
Use Loops to reference each element in
the array
◦ For / Next
◦ For Each / Next
9. For Next Loop
Assume strNames[10] already declared
integer intCounter, intEnd
intEnd = strNames.GetUpperBound(0)
For (intCounter = 0; intcounter<=intEnd;
intCounter++)
{Console.Writeline(strNames[intCounter])}
10. For Each Loop
Assume strNames[10] already declared
foreach (string Item in strNames)
{Console.Writeline(Item)]
11. Object Terminology Review
Object - like a noun, a thing
◦ An object is based on a class
Properties - like an adjective,
characteristics of object
Methods - like a verb, an action or
behavior, something the object can do
Events - object response to user
action or other events
12. Polymorphism
Overloading: Argument type determines
which version of a method is used
◦ Example: MessageBox.Show method
Overriding: Refers to a class that has the
same method name as its base class
◦ Method in subclass takes precedence
13. Specifying a Namespace
Namespaces are used in .Net to organize
classes and source files
When referring to classes in a different
namespace
◦ Write out the entire namespace
◦ Add an Imports Statement to include the namespace
Using System.Windows.Forms.Form
Namespace
Name of the Class
14. Instance versus Static Variables
Instance variables or properties use a
separate memory location for each
instance of the object
Static variables or properties use a single
memory location that is available for ALL
objects of a class
◦ Can be accessed without instantiating an
object of the class
◦ Use the Static keyword to create
Static Methods can also be created
15. Constructors and Destructors
Constructor: Method that
automatically executes when an object
is instantiated
◦ Create by writing a procedure using the
Class Name, followed by any arguments
Destructor: Method that
automatically executes when an object
is destroyed
◦ Microsoft discourages use of in .Net
16. Collections
Group of objects
◦ Can be strongly typed: all objects based on
the same class
Similar to an array
◦ Collection expands and contracts
automatically
Have common properties and methods
◦ Add, Remove, Count, Item (Indexer)
17. Item Property
Typically default property for a collection
◦ Refer to collection object, followed by
location (in [])
Returns a member of the group
◦ Typically based on location, but can use other
values
◦ Data type depends on the type of objects the
collection manages
18. Text Data Files
Actual data stored in files on disk
device
File: Entire collection of data
Records: Rows or lines, one per
entity
Fields: Data elements (values) within a
row
19. Text File Handling
A Stream is designed to transfer a
series
of bytes from one location to another
Streams are objects that have
properties and methods
Found in the System.IO namespace
File handling projects usually contain
an Imports statement before the
statement declaring the form's class
20. Writing Data Files
Declare a new StreamWriter object
Use StreamWriter's WriteLine
method
Call StreamWriter's Close method
21. Write and WriteLine Methods
Write Method: Places items consecutively
in the file with no separator
WriteLine Method: Places an Enter
(carriage return) between records
22. Reading Files
Declare a new StreamReader object
◦ File must exist!
Use StreamReader's ReadLine method
◦ Loop to retrieve multiple records
Call StreamReader's Close method
23. ReadLine Method
Use to read previously saved data
Each time it executes, it reads the next
line of data
Always assign the value from the read
to a location, such as a label, text box,
or string variable
24. Checking for End of File
Use StreamReader's Peek Method
Peek looks at the next element without
actually reading it
If you Peek beyond the last element the
value returned is -1