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SCUOLA DELL’INFANZIA
                              I CIRCOLO DIDATTICO
                                   “G.FALCONE”
                               CONVERSANO 70014
                                      ITALY


         THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE
                                      MANUAL TEACHERS METHODOLOGY


THE PROJECT
When the time comes for the natural re-                                                          The Project we propose aims at
                                                     little green house...” is a project         teaching ecologic attitude towards
sources to decrease our efforts should be
                                                     which will enable children not only to      the four natural elements . Through
directed towards their preservation. If we
                                                     feel the nature magic but will love it      different activities we are going to
                        want to teach our
                                                     easier and will start searching closer      provoke children curiosity , will
                        children how to
                                                     encounter with it themselves.               push them towards experimenting
                        protect    nature,
                        we should help               Children experience constant rela-          and creating.
                        them understand              tion to the four natural forces – Air,      After realizing the physical proper-
                        the properties of            Water, Fire, Earth and do not hide          ties of air, water, soil, fire and the
                        the world around             their pleasure of encounter with            natural phenomena , the future in-
                        them .                       them. Their power is especially in-         habitants of planet Earth will be
                                                     teresting for the children.                 able to solve its complicated prob-
                             “The Earth is our
                                                                                                 lems.


Objectives
1. To focus the attention of children     7. Uniting the parents around the idea
towards knowing and protecting inani-     and the objects of the project in order
mate nature (air, water, fire,            to achieve sustainable effect even after
earth, natural phenomena) and to          the concrete project is over.
get them know the properties and          8. Attracting the social institutions rep-
their role as a decisive factor for       resentatives to accomplishing project
animate nature existence.                 objectives and to making the project
2.To direct children towards animate      results popular.
nature protection and its position as a   9. Improving the possibilities for utiliza-
decisive factor for existence of the      tion new communication and information
Planet and the human beings.                                                              ups care of the animals, how much do they like
                                          technologies by the teachers and children       the flowers and how carefully they look around
3. Sustaining real interest and neces-    alike.                                          and observe everything when trekking or walk-
sity of nature protection and teaching    The core of the partnership will be ecolog-     ing along the fields. Therefore along with all
a readiness for natural way of living.    ical training of children ( getting acquaint-   the methods and events the personal example
4. Encouraging children in searching      ed to nature, developing a positive attitude    of the grown ups, their attitude to nature has
for information for different ways of     to it, ways of protection and sound utiliza-    an education effect as well.
waste recycling and realizing the ne-     tion of natural resources). Along with that     The experience in our work with children has
cessity of reasonable utilization of      we will provoke interest and desire in chil-    proved that the natural aim of children to
natural resources                         dren to experiment and create. They             knowledge should be utilized. Knowledge is the
5. Teaching children to be European       should be searching for different ways to       basis of the bringing up and education work in
citizens , realizing that the care for    utilize natural materials or different types    the kindergarten. It helps achieving emotionally
nature in their native place is care      of wastes.                                      positive attitude towards nature, orientation in
for nature of all Europe.                 Its up to the teachers to what extend the       the word of animals and plants and presupposi-
6. Motivating teachers to enrich their    children will be interested in nature and       tions for purposeful life activity, laying founda-
methodological approach in completing     whether they will have the correct ecolog-      tions of ecological culture, observation and
the project objectives and to accus-      ic attitude. The attitude of the grown ups      curiosity forming , stating emotionally sound
tom children to ecologically conscious    to nature, animals, plants is important in      practical investigating activity as a characteris-
behavior .                                the process of bringing up. Children will       tics of children personality.
                                          always notice how carefully do the grown


                                                                                                                                          1
UNIT.1 “A TRIP OF A DROP”- Methodology
Methodology: Water is a familiar         teach physics, chemistry, life sci-        made on the path of the water in the
substance for kids in kindergarten.      ence, and earth science.                   environment.
By means of the activities of playing,   Trough a dramatized tale the chil-
discoveries and experimentations,        dren will be involved in the explora-
the children will be involved in a       tion of the water cycle. Children will
journey to explore of the element        experiment how the water looks and
water, using the five senses. With       moves in the environment and they’ll
the view they discover where the         carry out a fantastic journey discov-
water is hidden, they discover the       ering which and how many forms the
characteristics of transparency,         water takes on Earth.
with the touch, the transmitted          Trough artistic productions, plastics,
sensations , with the smell and the      painting and computer children rep-
play discover how the water as-          resent (summarized) discoveries
sumes the taste and the smell, de-
pending on what it contains.                                                               DROP: our new friend

Science activities with water can



 Theme goals “WATER-THE LIVIVING POWER”
Water is useful for:
Cleaning
Drinking                                              Fun with water: Swim-
Helping plants grow                                   ming, making bubbles,
Providing a place for                                 cooking, playing in a
animals and plants to                                 sprinkler, super soakers
live                                                  etc.

Bodies of Water: Lake,                                Forms of water:
river, stream, ocean, brook, puddle      Ice, snow, rain, hail, mist, vapor etc .
etc



               ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS
                              about plants, animals and
Group time                    people, and aim conver-
                              sation, the children dis-
Wet or Dry:                   cover that: the bodies of
Cut some pictures from a      living things are made up
magazine, or show some pic- mostly of water. Inter-
tures from a book, ask child e s ting     p h o to gr a ph s
if the objects are wet or     (feature animals and
dry.                          plants living in water;
Living things need water:     Frogs and fish laying their
                                                             young children why all plants,
While singing simple songs, eggs in water; and land ani-
                                                             animals, and people need wa-
observing some photos, lis- mals using water to cool off
                                                             ter to grow and survive.
tening and developing stories and keep clean) show the

Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                                   WATER              2
ART
                                               Mixing Colored Water                 Pictorial and graphic
                                               Carried out by mixing with           production : of ex-
                                               water and food coloring, tem-        periences and learn-
Water Collage:                                 pera paint etc.. different col-      ing activities using
Look in a maga-                                ors for a lot of colorful ef-        different     artistic
zine or newspaper for pictures of              fects .                              techniques.
water, cut them out and let your               Paint    on    Wet     Paper: Mask of drop:
child glue them onto a piece of paper          Explain diffusion, the spread- Print to colour paper
for a collage.                                 ing of the paint on the paper, mask patterns.


MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS
                                                                                              Place a bunch of items on the floor. The-
During this early education lesson plan        about the
                                                                                              se items should be those that will be
the children will use the science skills       sounds that
of prediction and observation. Math,           you hear dur-
counting and graphing is encouraged as         ing a rain
youngsters "record" their predictions          storm. What
and findings.                                  are the signs
Condensation:                                  that a storm is coming. Talk about storm
Obtain two jars and their lids. Fill one jar   safety!!!
with ice cold water and the other with         Measuring rainfall:
room temperature water. Observe the            On a rainy day, set out a container to
results. Condensation occurs when the          measure the rainfall. Measure how much
vapors in the air become cool enough to        rain fell that day. Continue to measure
condense and form water droplets.              the rain each day, and record for a few
                                                                                              okay if they get wet, like blocks (plastic
Evaporation:                                   weeks. Ask your child to predict how
                                                                                              or wood) rubber toys, a pencil, a rock
Obtain two clear plastic glasses of the        much water will be collected. Ask at the
                                                                                              etc. Make a graph with four columns. List
same size. Measure one cup of water and        beginning of the day and ask when it is
                                                                                              all the items in the first column, label
place in each cup. Mark the water level of     raining. Did their answer change?
                                                                                              the next column sink, the next float and
each cup with a permanent marker. Place        Will it Absorb water?:
                                                                                              the last results. Hold up each item and
one in a                                       Supply the children with pieces of mate-
                                                                                              ask the children to decide if they believe
sunny win-                                     rial to test like pieces of cotton, plastic,
                                                                                              the item will sink or float in water. Rec-
dow and the                                    wool, tin foil, etc. Supply the children
                                                                                              ord the number of children who voted
other some-                                    with eye droppers and a cup of water.
                                                                                              sink under the sink column and the num-
where else                                     Which materials absorb water and which
                                                                                              ber who voted for float in the float col-
in the room.                                   do not? You may also decide to do this
                                                                                              umn. If you have a smaller class you
Observe                                        experiment as described in sink or float
                                                                                              could record the names of the children
the glasses                                    (below)!
                                                                                              instead to see who is a really good esti-
of water                                       Will it
                                                                                              mator. Then test the item in a tub of
over the nest couple of days. Ask the          dis-
                                                                                              water and record the result in the re-
children where the water is going. Which       solve?:
                                                                                              sults column. Then continue with the
is evaporating more quickly? Evaporation       Fill five
                                                                                              next item.
occurs when the particles of water be-         clear jars
come warm enough that they turn into           with wa-
vapors and leave the cup and escape into       ter. Take
the air. Why did the water in the sun          five dif-
evaporate faster?                              ferent
Measuring water:                               substanc-
Provide the children with a balance and        es, like
containers that can hold water.                sugar,
Creating Ice:                                  cereal,
Place water in a plastic ice tray and place    salt, pa-
it in the freezer. Every half hour take it     per,
out to inspect the ice. Ask the children       things
why it is changing? Then after it is fro-      that will
zen, set it in a cup and allow it to melt      dissolve, and some that won't. Ask your
again.                                         child which will dissolve, and which will
Thunderstorm:                                  not. Test each item in the water.
When it is raining, watch the rain. Talk       Will it Float or Sink?:



Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                                   WATER                              3
GAMES
Glass     and     Water       Music:       A dish tub filled with water can pro-
Fill a couple of identical glass cups,     vide entertainment as well as a great
at least four, with varying amounts        learning experience. Ideas to add to
of water. Tap the side of each glass       water play: a drop of food coloring,
with a metal spoon. Which is the           turkey blasters, funnels, cups, dish
highest sound and the lowest? How          soap, boats, plastic toys, brushes
could we change the sound?                 and sponges, ice, cold or warm wa-      wash, toddler safe balls, items that
Water Play                                 ter, baby dolls or play dishes to       will sink or float.



The water cycle in nature
At some stage the child will ask how      The learner :                             important in relation to the water
clouds form rain. This is an extreme-      discuss the water cycle.                cycle.
ly common question asked by young
                                           identify key components of the  demonstrate an understanding that
kids. In order to satisfy, his curiosi-                                      water conservation is an act of
                                            water cycle.
ty, explain to him about the water                                           stewardship for the Earth.
cycle in nature.                           state why water conservation is



Water cycle activities: a miniature
Materials Required                           Now put your setup in the sun-
   A large transparent bowl                  light.
   Plastic Wrapper                          Let the child observer the set-
   A weight                                  up now.
   A smaller container (this                After few hours, ask the child
    should be smaller than the                to observe.
    first bowl)                              What is seen. You can see wa-
   A rubber band or piece of                 ter in the small container .         cess   is   called   evaporation.
    string                                   Ask your child to check the
                                              time and note down how long          When plants give off water vapour,
How to do                                     does it take for the water to        it is called transpiration. When wa-
it                                            evaporate and condense on the        ter evaporates, it rises into the
                                              plastic wrapper. Where does          cooler air, collects, and forms
   P l a c e
                                              the water go after it condens-       clouds.
    the small
                                              es on the plastic wrapper?           Lessons extension: after-wards
    container in the middle of the
    large bowl .                                                                   Children make : classroom posters,
                                          Explanation:
   Fill the bowl with little water,                                               craft , activity chart, collage,
                                          The heat of the sun evaporated           memory card-game....
    be careful not to spill into the
                                          the water, which raised above and
    small container inside.
                                          then condensed on the cool plastic
   Cover the bowl with plastic                                                      Learners will develop an under-
                                          wrapper and fell into the small
    wrapper and fasten the plastic                                                   standing of the water cy-
                                          container. This is a small replica of
    wrap around the rim of the                                                       cle. They will then use some
                                          the water cycle that occurs every
    bowl with your rubber band or                                                    knowledge to create a tactile
                                          day on earth.
    string.                                                                          model of the water cycle and
   Put a weight on top of the                                                       then relate these ideas to the
                                          When water is heated, it changes
    plastic wrap in the centre. This                                                 importance of water conserva-
                                          from a liquid to a gas. This gas is
    will help for our experiment.                                                    tion.
                                          called water vapour, and the pro-


Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                               WATER                   4
A TRIP OF A DROP – inventing a story, dramatization, pictorial and graphic production


There are many charming water                                                but…What's happening? The clouds
                                        they dance in the waves.
cycle stories for children. Our chil-                                        become heavy and Drop and her
dren have invented, dramatized,         But SUN, a "nice element", ar-
                                                                             sisters …….. HELP!!!
sung ...this history                    rives, he woos the droplets, he
                                                                             They're falling into the River.




A Day in the Life of a Drop of
Water

Drop is a little   drop of water




                                        leads them to heaven and marries
                                        them complete with veil . Drop and
                                                                             River dance …Drop with her sis-




without smell, shape and color but
she’s very pretty. She lives with
her sisters in the sea but was
bored.
 One day they decide to plunge in
the great ocean where they make

                                                                             ters ... the water dance "Water
                                                                             Games"... (Rondò Veneziano).

                                        her sisters are embraced by Sun River wets the ground and quench
                                        and they become very light…. they Little Flower, Cat and Three. The
                                        reach the clouds.                 run of River finally ends into
                                                                          the calm sea.
                                        They dance and sing "Volare oh-
                                        oh," (Domenico Modugno).          Drop is tired…..

                                         Nooo …...Northern Wind, “the        It’s night ...
                                        Cold” , shakes and turns the         Drop, it's time to go to sleep!
new friends: Jellyfish, Sardine,        clouds .
                                                                             The sea cradles them, the sea
Dolphin, Red Fish and Hippocam-
pus...




                                                                             whispers a lullaby. Drop and her
                                                                             sisters finally fall asleep.
                                                                             Drop, your trip for today is finished
Now everyone is happy and together      The chilled clouds cover Sun         but it will take back tomorrow…

Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                    WATER                        5
Water is life ! Teaching Earth Science with Water
Goals:
   water is an essential re-
    source for life.
   define natural resources
    and give examples; gener-
    ate ideas of ways to con-
    serve, preserve and pro-
    tect our natural resources.
Activities:
 Since water is the funda-
mental building block of life,
children will analyze the dif-
ferent ways they use water,
what measures they could
take in order to conserve it




and the problems that could
arise when clean water is
lacking in communities.


The children visit a natural
park lake (Lago Sassano) .


The children see some imag-
es of the ecological disaster
(lake and sea pollution ).



Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE   WATER   6
UNIT.2 FIRE Methodology
                                        rhymes, movement activities,           tips and loads of information about
                                        games, and interactive materials       fire-fighters and the important
                                        are included to make the learning      work they do.
                                        process fun, educational, and em-
                                        powering.
Methodology: Unit 2 –Fire, intro-
duce children to the benefits and
                                        However, fire also has a scary
dangers of fire. Fire is magical to
                                        side. It can be dangerous when it
children. It emits warmth and light
                                        is misunderstood or used inappro-
and is used in many types of cele-
                                        priately. For these reasons, chil-
brations around the world.
                                        dren need to learn at an early age
 Through a story children explore       that fire is not for play. They also
the element of fire in its manifesta-   need to learn how to protect
tions (heat, light, energy) and
                                        themselves if they come into con-
through the exploration and activi-
                                        tact with fire. It also provides
ties they discover where it is                                                  Grisù, our new friend
                                        numerous child-friendly safety
around us. Many wonderful books,



Theme goals
Bodies of fire:                         ramic objects...                       and revitalizing power of fire in
Sun, magma in                           Discovery of fire:                     legends and traditions of Italy and
the     Earth,                          the controlled use of fire: an in-     of Apulia.
flame….                                 vention of the Early Stone Age         Fire Prevention:
Fire is useful                          Fun with fire: fire magic tricks       causes and types of fire, the po-
for:                                    (experiments), safety activities       tential dangers of fire, what to do
adding     light                        (games, crafts)....                    in the event of a fire The Im-
and heat, cook-                                                                portant Role Fire-fighters play in
                                        Traditions and Legends Associat-
ing plants and                                                                 our community.
                                        ed With Fire:
animals, clearing forests for plant-
ing, heating treat stone for making     Fire Myths (Prometheus), legends
stone tools, burning clay for ce-       of native Americans, the purifying


ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS
Group time:
                                        serving some photos, listening
                                        and developing stories about
Have students                           plants, animals and people, and
brainstorm                              aim conversation, the children
"Fire". Conduct                         discover:
an open forum                           -Bodies of fire,
where they can                          -Fire and Sun, are “The Positive
share experiences, feelings,            Energy of the Cosmos” ,
and/or ask questions:                   - Discovery of fire: once man          of animals (previously he had
 What is fire?                          could warm himself in front of         eaten meat raw). fire bought
 While singing simple songs, ob-        the flames and cook the flesh          light into the dark caves.


Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                          FIRE                  7
ART
F I R E           C o l l a g e : paint (yellow, red, orange...), gold       learning activities using different
Look in a magazine or newspaper for                                          artistic techniques.
pictures of fire, cut them out and                                           Mask of fire:
let your child glue them onto a piece
                                                                             Print to colour paper mask pat-
                          of paper
                                                                             terns.
                          for a col-
                          lage;
                          F I R E
                          Artistic
                          works:
                          drawings,
                          paintings
                          and other
                                     glitter..
                          with tem-
                          pera, glue, Pictorial and graphic produc-
                                     tion : of experiences and


MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS

Through a story children explore       is    con-                            oil):
the element of fire and through        sumed.
                                                                             Using the nail, punch a hole in the
the exploration and activities         W a t e r
                                                                             underside      of
they discover where it is around       enters
                                                                             the metal lid.
us. During this early education        jar--use   coloured
                                                                             Cut a piece of
lesson plan the children will use      water for best view.
                                                                             the       cotton
the science skills of prediction and   Note water vapour
                                                                             cloth (a hand-
observation. Math, counting and        condensed on inside
                                                                             kerchief or small washcloth works
graphing is encouraged as young-       of jar.
                                                                             well) about 7 cm (3 in) square and
sters "record" their predictions
                                                                             roll it into a tight roll. Or, cut a
and findings.                          Combustion or burning:
                                                                             piece of cotton rope about 7 cm (3
Exploring fire with five senses:       Light a candle on a pie plate :       in) long. Push the rope or rolled
(heat, light, energy)                  Which common materials                cloth up through the bottom of
                                       (Styrofoam, vinyl material, cotton    the lid so that about 1 cm (1/4 in)
Fire    needs oxygen to burn:
                                       material, newspaper, or cardboard),   sticks out above the top of the
Light two candles, cover one of the
                                       burns? Witch of them produce the      lid. This is the wick. Next, fill the
candles with the glass container.
                                       worst     smoke/air                   jar about ½ full of alcohol and
What will happen ? Wait to see
                                       pollution     wh e n                  screw the lid down onto the jar
which    one
                                       burn?    Find   out                   tightly. Pour about 1 cm (½ in) of
burns    out
                                       which object has                      water into the bottom of the pan,
first.
                                       more harmful ele-                     and place the jar and lid in the
                                       ments, (ash and                       middle of the pie pan. Allow the
Put another
                                       smoke) to the at-                     alcohol to soak up into the rope or
candle on a
                                       mosphere when it is                   cloth. The alcohol lamp should light
pie plate and
                                       burnt.                                and burn with a pale blue flame.
add 1/2 inch of water to pie plate.
Light candle, then put glass jar
over candle. What will happen ?        Alcohol, oil...are flammable liq-     ...and put out fire with water.
Candle extinguishes when oxygen        uids...Making an Alcohol Lamp (or



Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                     FIRE                       8
A STORY OF FIRE

Read "The Story of Prome-                     to deny human kind the
theus". Discuss the story with                gift of fire was to de-
the class and ask children:                   prive humans and keep
1.     Why is fire so important               man at the level of ani-
       and what would life be                 mals. Zeus believed that
       like without it?                       without fire the human
                                              was happy and would nev-
2.     Why would a hero like
                                              er go to war. Who was
       Prometheus endanger
                                              right? Why?
       himself just to make life
       better for man?                  Make a list of the positive
                                        things that can be done with
3.     What is your definition of
                                        fire and the negative things
       a hero?
                                        that can be done with fire
4.     Prometheus thought that


Don't Play With Fire!
Teaching Safety Fire : some important things to discuss with children

    Teach children that fire is           Demonstrate for the children
     dangerous, and can burn.               the "stop, drop and roll" meth-
    Tell small children to never           od of putting fires out. If
     touch or play with matches and         their clothing catches on fire,
     lighters, and if they find any         they need to know how to put
     lying around, to tell their par-       it out .
     ents.                                 Show how to crawl low on the
    Practice the escape plan.              ground beneath smoke. Prac-
                                            tice crawling through the
    Teach your children that fire-                                           Activity : art and craft, colouring
                                            house, making sure to stay
     fighters are there to help                                               pages, song and story.
                                            down low.
     them.



Firefighters at school
Firemen visit schools where             immediately stop whatever they
they discuss the do-and-don'ts          are doing, drop to the ground
of fire usage. In the event of a        and begin to roll back and forth
child's clothing catching fire,         repeatedly and quickly to extin-
it's important that children and        guish the flame.
adults are aware of the "stop-          Emergency phone numbers need
drop-and roll" method. Instruct         to in an easy-to-reach area,
children that if clothing ever          preferably on a wall near a
catches on fire, they should            phone.


Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                    FIRE                       9
UNIT. 3 AIR — Methodology
                                          when it’s in the form of wind, it        painting and
                                          can move leaves and blow your hair       computer
                                          around).                                 children rep-
                                                                                   r e s e n t
                                          Students use all of their senses to      (summarized)
                                                                                   discoveries made on the path of the
                                          describe air (Can they see it? feel
                                                                                   air in the environment.
                                          it? smell it? hear it? taste it? How
Methodology:
                                          do we know it's there? What evi-
Air is all around us:, Air is every-      dence can they provide to support
where. It cannot be seen, but it is       their descriptions of air?)
all around us. Air is invisible. Air is
a form of energy. This unit helps         Doing simple experiments the chil-
students discover that air is eve-        dren will explore air pressure and
rywhere, that Air exists observing        the force of air.
some of the things it does ( Air
can fill a balloon, for example, and      Trough artistic productions, plastics,



Theme goals
Children know :                                                       Air
                                          hot air rises (hot air balloon).   become
We breath air, air is a gas, air Living things use air:               polluted with
makes up the atmosphere.                                              emission    of
                                   To breathe, plants use air to make
                                                                      gas:
Children observe:                  food, birds use air for fly, seeds
                                                                      Industry, indi-
Air moves (wind); air can change are distributed by wind.
                                                                      vidual actions,
temperature, can smell, can be Properties of air:
                                                                      transportation
seen (water vapour, smoke); they Air is transparent, air is weight,
                                                                      .
can feel when it moves (wind), air takes up space, air has volume
                                                                      The    effects
they can see air moves things and pressure , air is a gas.
                                                                      of air pollution.
(storm); moving air makes weather;


ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS
Group time:                               ing. Divide living into animals and      ries: animals that fly and animals
Living or not living? Animal or           plants. Divide nonliving into solids,    that do not fly.
plant? Solid liquid or gas?               liquids and gases:
Cut some pictures from a magazine,        Put this sheet on the floor. Ask
or show some pictures from a book         children to place their cards in one
with living (animals, plants) and non     of the empty squares on the dia-
living things (ice, stones, water,        gram where they think they be-
clouds, coins..)                          long.
On a large sheet
of paper draw a                           Animals That Fly or Do Not Fly
heading All sorts
of things, and                            Cut pictures of animals from maga-
using a tree dia-                         zines and organized in two large
gram format, di-                          sheets of white blank chart paper,
vide the sheet into living and nonliv-    animals into two different catego-



Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                            AIR                    10
ART
Wind and Air – The Invisible Force           the bubbles. When the bubbles
of art…                                      pop remove the paper and leave to
                                             dry.
B ubble                                      Blow Painting:
Painting:                                    Water paint down a little to make
Mix to-                                      it runny. Pour a couple of drops of
gether the                                   paint on to paper, then children
paint and                                    use a drinking straw to blow the
some                                         paint in all directions.
washing up                                   Keep adding more paint and blow-
liquid in                                    ing.
the tray. Add some water until it is                                                Mask of air:
                                             Pictorial and graphic production :
runny enough to blow bubbles. The                                                   Print to colour paper mask patterns.
                                             of experiences and learning activi-
children use the drinking straw to
                                             ties using different artistic tech-
blow into the paint to make bubbles.
                                             niques.
Gently place the paper on top of


MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS
WHAT IS AIR?                                 tle. Challenge your child to try and   t    h    e
Teacher ask a series of questions to see     push the paper ball into the bottle    string
what children know about air.
                                             using the air stream from the hair     6.    Blow
Ask child if they think air is real. Wave
hands around, can we feel air? How do we     dryer. Much to your child’s sur-       up     the
know it's there? Can we see it? Tell child   prise, the paper will not enter the    balloon
we can "see" air, in a way.                  bottle even when the flow of air       and hold
Blow up balloon. Why does the balloon                                               the open-
get bigger? Open the end of the balloon
                                                                                    ing      so
near the child's face; s/he can feel the
                                                                                    that the
air, too.
                                                                                    air does
                                                                                    not    es-
                                                                                    c         a       p       e        .
                                                                                    7. Place the mouth of the balloon
                                                                                    so that it is pointing toward the
                                                                                    closest       tree     or    post.
                                             points directly to the bottle’s        8. Make sure that the balloon is
                                             opening!                               parallel to the string/straw. Place
                                              4. Discuss what happened.             two pieces of tape over the straw
                                                                                    and balloon making sure that the
Volume Experiment:                           Pressure Experiment:                   balloon is attached securely.
1. Take an empty, 2-litre soft               1. Take one end of the string and      9. Release the balloon.
drink bottle and lay it on its side.         tie it to a tree or a post.            10. Discuss what happened.
Hold it down firmly.                         2. Take the straw and thread it
2. Have your child make a ball out           onto the other end of the string.
of a small piece of paper. Make              3. Tie the other end of string to
sure it is small enough to fit               the second tree or post.
through the mouth of the bottle.             4. Make sure that the string is
3. Hold a hair dryer so it blows             t      i     g     h      t      .
directly into the mouth of the bot-          5. Move the straw to one end of




Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                     AIR                              11
GAMES: Air is fun!
Creating simple ranges, pinwheel,       that       wind
kite, little flags is cheap and easy    farms,     areas
to make and the teacher can com-        where there are
bine science with physical activity     many wind tur-
and fun! Children can discover with     bines operating,
their “air-toys” that wind is air       are    unsightly:
that moves over the earth's sur-        giant pinwheels
face and movement of air is ener-       or wind tur-
gy.                                     bines, up to 330
Discuss the pros and cons of using      feet (100 me-
                                                                 Didascalia dell'immagine o
wind energy. Pros would include         ters), are used               della fotografia
the fact that wind is a renewable       on wind farms
energy source and that wind ener-       to create clean
gy creates no pollutants or radio-      energy.
active by-products. Cons would
include arguments made by some


Wind in Poem, Music and Paintings
Read poem:                             Ask the children:
Who Has Seen the Wind?                 How do these poems represent the
By Christina Rossetti                  idea that one needs to feel the
                                       wind or observe its' effects in or-
Who has seen the wind?                 der to know it is there?
Neither I nor you.
But when the leaves hang trem- Explore the internet together
bling,                         for windy images.
The wind is passing through.   Look for photographs showing the
Who has seen the wind?
Neither you nor I.
But when the trees bow down
their heads,
The wind is passing by.



                                       wind at work and play. Find and
                                       display some paintings by such art-
                                       ists as Winslow Homer. On line you
                                       can view Van Gogh's depiction
                                       of a windy day.
                                       Bring on the music. Find some
                                       good storm music such as se-
                                       lections from “Scherazade” and
                                       the “Valkyries”. Encourage kids
                                       to paint or move to the music .




Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                              AIR   12
Air is life ! Teaching Earth Science with Air
Goals:                                way to see if air has lots of oxygen
Air become polluted with emis-        in it is to look for signs of lichen
sion of gas: industry, individual     growing on tree limbs. You can also
actions,    transportation .          keep an eye out for bird and insect
The effects of air pollution.         life. Explain to children that cars,
                                      factories and the creating of elec-
                                      tricity all put bad substances into
Activities:
                                      the air which affects health and
Reading a                             nature.
story about
air    pollu-                         Together think of ways that we
tion       to                                  can save air
learn about things that cause air
pollution and what we can do to                           “Why drive when
keep the air clean.                                         WE can walk?!
Clean air is vital to all life. One                       Walking, running,
                                                           skipping are all
                                                           much more fun
                                                           than sitting in a         “Plant trees, the lungs of the
                                                         boring un-cool car”                     Earth”

                                                 Sommario
                                                 THE PROJECT                                               1
                                                 OBJECTIVES

                                                 UNIT.1 “A TRIP OF A DROP”- METHODOLOGY                    2
                                                 THEME GOALS “WATER-THE LIVIVING POWER”
                                                 ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS /GROUP TIME


                                                 ART                                                       3
                                                 MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS

                                                 GAMES                                                     4
                                                 THE WATER CYCLE IN NATURE
                                                 WATER CYCLE ACTIVITIES: A MINIATURE


                                                 A TRIP OF A DROP – INVENTING A STORY, DRAMATIZATION,      5
Sponsor:                                         PICTORIAL AND GRAPHIC PRODUCTION

                                                 WATER IS LIFE ! TEACHING EARTH SCIENCE WITH WATER         6

                                                 UNIT.2 FIRE METHODOLOGY                                   7

                                                 THEME GOALS
                                                 ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS /GROUP TIME:


                                                 ART                                                       8

                                                 MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS

                                                 STORY OF FIRE                                             9

                                                 DON'T PLAY WITH FIRE!
                                                 TEACHING SAFETY FIRE : SOME IMPORTANT THING TO
                                                 DISCUSS WITH CHILDREN

                                                 FIREFIGHTERS AT SCHOOL


                                                 UNIT.3 AIR                                                10

                                                 THEME GOALS
                                                 ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS /GROUP TIME


                                                 ART                                                       11
                                                 MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS

                                                 GAMES: AIR IS FUN!                                        12
                                                 WIND IN POEM, MUSIC AND PAINTINGS




Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE                                     AIR         13

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Water fire air manual s 2

  • 1. SCUOLA DELL’INFANZIA I CIRCOLO DIDATTICO “G.FALCONE” CONVERSANO 70014 ITALY THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE MANUAL TEACHERS METHODOLOGY THE PROJECT When the time comes for the natural re- The Project we propose aims at little green house...” is a project teaching ecologic attitude towards sources to decrease our efforts should be which will enable children not only to the four natural elements . Through directed towards their preservation. If we feel the nature magic but will love it different activities we are going to want to teach our easier and will start searching closer provoke children curiosity , will children how to encounter with it themselves. push them towards experimenting protect nature, we should help Children experience constant rela- and creating. them understand tion to the four natural forces – Air, After realizing the physical proper- the properties of Water, Fire, Earth and do not hide ties of air, water, soil, fire and the the world around their pleasure of encounter with natural phenomena , the future in- them . them. Their power is especially in- habitants of planet Earth will be teresting for the children. able to solve its complicated prob- “The Earth is our lems. Objectives 1. To focus the attention of children 7. Uniting the parents around the idea towards knowing and protecting inani- and the objects of the project in order mate nature (air, water, fire, to achieve sustainable effect even after earth, natural phenomena) and to the concrete project is over. get them know the properties and 8. Attracting the social institutions rep- their role as a decisive factor for resentatives to accomplishing project animate nature existence. objectives and to making the project 2.To direct children towards animate results popular. nature protection and its position as a 9. Improving the possibilities for utiliza- decisive factor for existence of the tion new communication and information Planet and the human beings. ups care of the animals, how much do they like technologies by the teachers and children the flowers and how carefully they look around 3. Sustaining real interest and neces- alike. and observe everything when trekking or walk- sity of nature protection and teaching The core of the partnership will be ecolog- ing along the fields. Therefore along with all a readiness for natural way of living. ical training of children ( getting acquaint- the methods and events the personal example 4. Encouraging children in searching ed to nature, developing a positive attitude of the grown ups, their attitude to nature has for information for different ways of to it, ways of protection and sound utiliza- an education effect as well. waste recycling and realizing the ne- tion of natural resources). Along with that The experience in our work with children has cessity of reasonable utilization of we will provoke interest and desire in chil- proved that the natural aim of children to natural resources dren to experiment and create. They knowledge should be utilized. Knowledge is the 5. Teaching children to be European should be searching for different ways to basis of the bringing up and education work in citizens , realizing that the care for utilize natural materials or different types the kindergarten. It helps achieving emotionally nature in their native place is care of wastes. positive attitude towards nature, orientation in for nature of all Europe. Its up to the teachers to what extend the the word of animals and plants and presupposi- 6. Motivating teachers to enrich their children will be interested in nature and tions for purposeful life activity, laying founda- methodological approach in completing whether they will have the correct ecolog- tions of ecological culture, observation and the project objectives and to accus- ic attitude. The attitude of the grown ups curiosity forming , stating emotionally sound tom children to ecologically conscious to nature, animals, plants is important in practical investigating activity as a characteris- behavior . the process of bringing up. Children will tics of children personality. always notice how carefully do the grown 1
  • 2. UNIT.1 “A TRIP OF A DROP”- Methodology Methodology: Water is a familiar teach physics, chemistry, life sci- made on the path of the water in the substance for kids in kindergarten. ence, and earth science. environment. By means of the activities of playing, Trough a dramatized tale the chil- discoveries and experimentations, dren will be involved in the explora- the children will be involved in a tion of the water cycle. Children will journey to explore of the element experiment how the water looks and water, using the five senses. With moves in the environment and they’ll the view they discover where the carry out a fantastic journey discov- water is hidden, they discover the ering which and how many forms the characteristics of transparency, water takes on Earth. with the touch, the transmitted Trough artistic productions, plastics, sensations , with the smell and the painting and computer children rep- play discover how the water as- resent (summarized) discoveries sumes the taste and the smell, de- pending on what it contains. DROP: our new friend Science activities with water can Theme goals “WATER-THE LIVIVING POWER” Water is useful for: Cleaning Drinking Fun with water: Swim- Helping plants grow ming, making bubbles, Providing a place for cooking, playing in a animals and plants to sprinkler, super soakers live etc. Bodies of Water: Lake, Forms of water: river, stream, ocean, brook, puddle Ice, snow, rain, hail, mist, vapor etc . etc ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS about plants, animals and Group time people, and aim conver- sation, the children dis- Wet or Dry: cover that: the bodies of Cut some pictures from a living things are made up magazine, or show some pic- mostly of water. Inter- tures from a book, ask child e s ting p h o to gr a ph s if the objects are wet or (feature animals and dry. plants living in water; Living things need water: Frogs and fish laying their young children why all plants, While singing simple songs, eggs in water; and land ani- animals, and people need wa- observing some photos, lis- mals using water to cool off ter to grow and survive. tening and developing stories and keep clean) show the Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE WATER 2
  • 3. ART Mixing Colored Water Pictorial and graphic Carried out by mixing with production : of ex- water and food coloring, tem- periences and learn- Water Collage: pera paint etc.. different col- ing activities using Look in a maga- ors for a lot of colorful ef- different artistic zine or newspaper for pictures of fects . techniques. water, cut them out and let your Paint on Wet Paper: Mask of drop: child glue them onto a piece of paper Explain diffusion, the spread- Print to colour paper for a collage. ing of the paint on the paper, mask patterns. MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS Place a bunch of items on the floor. The- During this early education lesson plan about the se items should be those that will be the children will use the science skills sounds that of prediction and observation. Math, you hear dur- counting and graphing is encouraged as ing a rain youngsters "record" their predictions storm. What and findings. are the signs Condensation: that a storm is coming. Talk about storm Obtain two jars and their lids. Fill one jar safety!!! with ice cold water and the other with Measuring rainfall: room temperature water. Observe the On a rainy day, set out a container to results. Condensation occurs when the measure the rainfall. Measure how much vapors in the air become cool enough to rain fell that day. Continue to measure condense and form water droplets. the rain each day, and record for a few okay if they get wet, like blocks (plastic Evaporation: weeks. Ask your child to predict how or wood) rubber toys, a pencil, a rock Obtain two clear plastic glasses of the much water will be collected. Ask at the etc. Make a graph with four columns. List same size. Measure one cup of water and beginning of the day and ask when it is all the items in the first column, label place in each cup. Mark the water level of raining. Did their answer change? the next column sink, the next float and each cup with a permanent marker. Place Will it Absorb water?: the last results. Hold up each item and one in a Supply the children with pieces of mate- ask the children to decide if they believe sunny win- rial to test like pieces of cotton, plastic, the item will sink or float in water. Rec- dow and the wool, tin foil, etc. Supply the children ord the number of children who voted other some- with eye droppers and a cup of water. sink under the sink column and the num- where else Which materials absorb water and which ber who voted for float in the float col- in the room. do not? You may also decide to do this umn. If you have a smaller class you Observe experiment as described in sink or float could record the names of the children the glasses (below)! instead to see who is a really good esti- of water Will it mator. Then test the item in a tub of over the nest couple of days. Ask the dis- water and record the result in the re- children where the water is going. Which solve?: sults column. Then continue with the is evaporating more quickly? Evaporation Fill five next item. occurs when the particles of water be- clear jars come warm enough that they turn into with wa- vapors and leave the cup and escape into ter. Take the air. Why did the water in the sun five dif- evaporate faster? ferent Measuring water: substanc- Provide the children with a balance and es, like containers that can hold water. sugar, Creating Ice: cereal, Place water in a plastic ice tray and place salt, pa- it in the freezer. Every half hour take it per, out to inspect the ice. Ask the children things why it is changing? Then after it is fro- that will zen, set it in a cup and allow it to melt dissolve, and some that won't. Ask your again. child which will dissolve, and which will Thunderstorm: not. Test each item in the water. When it is raining, watch the rain. Talk Will it Float or Sink?: Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE WATER 3
  • 4. GAMES Glass and Water Music: A dish tub filled with water can pro- Fill a couple of identical glass cups, vide entertainment as well as a great at least four, with varying amounts learning experience. Ideas to add to of water. Tap the side of each glass water play: a drop of food coloring, with a metal spoon. Which is the turkey blasters, funnels, cups, dish highest sound and the lowest? How soap, boats, plastic toys, brushes could we change the sound? and sponges, ice, cold or warm wa- wash, toddler safe balls, items that Water Play ter, baby dolls or play dishes to will sink or float. The water cycle in nature At some stage the child will ask how The learner : important in relation to the water clouds form rain. This is an extreme-  discuss the water cycle. cycle. ly common question asked by young  identify key components of the  demonstrate an understanding that kids. In order to satisfy, his curiosi- water conservation is an act of water cycle. ty, explain to him about the water stewardship for the Earth. cycle in nature.  state why water conservation is Water cycle activities: a miniature Materials Required  Now put your setup in the sun-  A large transparent bowl light.  Plastic Wrapper  Let the child observer the set-  A weight up now.  A smaller container (this  After few hours, ask the child should be smaller than the to observe. first bowl)  What is seen. You can see wa-  A rubber band or piece of ter in the small container . cess is called evaporation. string  Ask your child to check the time and note down how long When plants give off water vapour, How to do does it take for the water to it is called transpiration. When wa- it evaporate and condense on the ter evaporates, it rises into the plastic wrapper. Where does cooler air, collects, and forms  P l a c e the water go after it condens- clouds. the small es on the plastic wrapper? Lessons extension: after-wards container in the middle of the large bowl . Children make : classroom posters, Explanation:  Fill the bowl with little water, craft , activity chart, collage, The heat of the sun evaporated memory card-game.... be careful not to spill into the the water, which raised above and small container inside. then condensed on the cool plastic  Cover the bowl with plastic Learners will develop an under- wrapper and fell into the small wrapper and fasten the plastic standing of the water cy- container. This is a small replica of wrap around the rim of the cle. They will then use some the water cycle that occurs every bowl with your rubber band or knowledge to create a tactile day on earth. string. model of the water cycle and  Put a weight on top of the then relate these ideas to the When water is heated, it changes plastic wrap in the centre. This importance of water conserva- from a liquid to a gas. This gas is will help for our experiment. tion. called water vapour, and the pro- Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE WATER 4
  • 5. A TRIP OF A DROP – inventing a story, dramatization, pictorial and graphic production There are many charming water but…What's happening? The clouds they dance in the waves. cycle stories for children. Our chil- become heavy and Drop and her dren have invented, dramatized, But SUN, a "nice element", ar- sisters …….. HELP!!! sung ...this history rives, he woos the droplets, he They're falling into the River. A Day in the Life of a Drop of Water Drop is a little drop of water leads them to heaven and marries them complete with veil . Drop and River dance …Drop with her sis- without smell, shape and color but she’s very pretty. She lives with her sisters in the sea but was bored. One day they decide to plunge in the great ocean where they make ters ... the water dance "Water Games"... (Rondò Veneziano). her sisters are embraced by Sun River wets the ground and quench and they become very light…. they Little Flower, Cat and Three. The reach the clouds. run of River finally ends into the calm sea. They dance and sing "Volare oh- oh," (Domenico Modugno). Drop is tired….. Nooo …...Northern Wind, “the It’s night ... Cold” , shakes and turns the Drop, it's time to go to sleep! new friends: Jellyfish, Sardine, clouds . The sea cradles them, the sea Dolphin, Red Fish and Hippocam- pus... whispers a lullaby. Drop and her sisters finally fall asleep. Drop, your trip for today is finished Now everyone is happy and together The chilled clouds cover Sun but it will take back tomorrow… Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE WATER 5
  • 6. Water is life ! Teaching Earth Science with Water Goals:  water is an essential re- source for life.  define natural resources and give examples; gener- ate ideas of ways to con- serve, preserve and pro- tect our natural resources. Activities: Since water is the funda- mental building block of life, children will analyze the dif- ferent ways they use water, what measures they could take in order to conserve it and the problems that could arise when clean water is lacking in communities. The children visit a natural park lake (Lago Sassano) . The children see some imag- es of the ecological disaster (lake and sea pollution ). Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE WATER 6
  • 7. UNIT.2 FIRE Methodology rhymes, movement activities, tips and loads of information about games, and interactive materials fire-fighters and the important are included to make the learning work they do. process fun, educational, and em- powering. Methodology: Unit 2 –Fire, intro- duce children to the benefits and However, fire also has a scary dangers of fire. Fire is magical to side. It can be dangerous when it children. It emits warmth and light is misunderstood or used inappro- and is used in many types of cele- priately. For these reasons, chil- brations around the world. dren need to learn at an early age Through a story children explore that fire is not for play. They also the element of fire in its manifesta- need to learn how to protect tions (heat, light, energy) and themselves if they come into con- through the exploration and activi- tact with fire. It also provides ties they discover where it is Grisù, our new friend numerous child-friendly safety around us. Many wonderful books, Theme goals Bodies of fire: ramic objects... and revitalizing power of fire in Sun, magma in Discovery of fire: legends and traditions of Italy and the Earth, the controlled use of fire: an in- of Apulia. flame…. vention of the Early Stone Age Fire Prevention: Fire is useful Fun with fire: fire magic tricks causes and types of fire, the po- for: (experiments), safety activities tential dangers of fire, what to do adding light (games, crafts).... in the event of a fire The Im- and heat, cook- portant Role Fire-fighters play in Traditions and Legends Associat- ing plants and our community. ed With Fire: animals, clearing forests for plant- ing, heating treat stone for making Fire Myths (Prometheus), legends stone tools, burning clay for ce- of native Americans, the purifying ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS Group time: serving some photos, listening and developing stories about Have students plants, animals and people, and brainstorm aim conversation, the children "Fire". Conduct discover: an open forum -Bodies of fire, where they can -Fire and Sun, are “The Positive share experiences, feelings, Energy of the Cosmos” , and/or ask questions: - Discovery of fire: once man of animals (previously he had What is fire? could warm himself in front of eaten meat raw). fire bought While singing simple songs, ob- the flames and cook the flesh light into the dark caves. Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE FIRE 7
  • 8. ART F I R E C o l l a g e : paint (yellow, red, orange...), gold learning activities using different Look in a magazine or newspaper for artistic techniques. pictures of fire, cut them out and Mask of fire: let your child glue them onto a piece Print to colour paper mask pat- of paper terns. for a col- lage; F I R E Artistic works: drawings, paintings and other glitter.. with tem- pera, glue, Pictorial and graphic produc- tion : of experiences and MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS Through a story children explore is con- oil): the element of fire and through sumed. Using the nail, punch a hole in the the exploration and activities W a t e r underside of they discover where it is around enters the metal lid. us. During this early education jar--use coloured Cut a piece of lesson plan the children will use water for best view. the cotton the science skills of prediction and Note water vapour cloth (a hand- observation. Math, counting and condensed on inside kerchief or small washcloth works graphing is encouraged as young- of jar. well) about 7 cm (3 in) square and sters "record" their predictions roll it into a tight roll. Or, cut a and findings. Combustion or burning: piece of cotton rope about 7 cm (3 Exploring fire with five senses: Light a candle on a pie plate : in) long. Push the rope or rolled (heat, light, energy) Which common materials cloth up through the bottom of (Styrofoam, vinyl material, cotton the lid so that about 1 cm (1/4 in) Fire needs oxygen to burn: material, newspaper, or cardboard), sticks out above the top of the Light two candles, cover one of the burns? Witch of them produce the lid. This is the wick. Next, fill the candles with the glass container. worst smoke/air jar about ½ full of alcohol and What will happen ? Wait to see pollution wh e n screw the lid down onto the jar which one burn? Find out tightly. Pour about 1 cm (½ in) of burns out which object has water into the bottom of the pan, first. more harmful ele- and place the jar and lid in the ments, (ash and middle of the pie pan. Allow the Put another smoke) to the at- alcohol to soak up into the rope or candle on a mosphere when it is cloth. The alcohol lamp should light pie plate and burnt. and burn with a pale blue flame. add 1/2 inch of water to pie plate. Light candle, then put glass jar over candle. What will happen ? Alcohol, oil...are flammable liq- ...and put out fire with water. Candle extinguishes when oxygen uids...Making an Alcohol Lamp (or Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE FIRE 8
  • 9. A STORY OF FIRE Read "The Story of Prome- to deny human kind the theus". Discuss the story with gift of fire was to de- the class and ask children: prive humans and keep 1. Why is fire so important man at the level of ani- and what would life be mals. Zeus believed that like without it? without fire the human was happy and would nev- 2. Why would a hero like er go to war. Who was Prometheus endanger right? Why? himself just to make life better for man? Make a list of the positive things that can be done with 3. What is your definition of fire and the negative things a hero? that can be done with fire 4. Prometheus thought that Don't Play With Fire! Teaching Safety Fire : some important things to discuss with children  Teach children that fire is  Demonstrate for the children dangerous, and can burn. the "stop, drop and roll" meth-  Tell small children to never od of putting fires out. If touch or play with matches and their clothing catches on fire, lighters, and if they find any they need to know how to put lying around, to tell their par- it out . ents.  Show how to crawl low on the  Practice the escape plan. ground beneath smoke. Prac- tice crawling through the  Teach your children that fire- Activity : art and craft, colouring house, making sure to stay fighters are there to help pages, song and story. down low. them. Firefighters at school Firemen visit schools where immediately stop whatever they they discuss the do-and-don'ts are doing, drop to the ground of fire usage. In the event of a and begin to roll back and forth child's clothing catching fire, repeatedly and quickly to extin- it's important that children and guish the flame. adults are aware of the "stop- Emergency phone numbers need drop-and roll" method. Instruct to in an easy-to-reach area, children that if clothing ever preferably on a wall near a catches on fire, they should phone. Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE FIRE 9
  • 10. UNIT. 3 AIR — Methodology when it’s in the form of wind, it painting and can move leaves and blow your hair computer around). children rep- r e s e n t Students use all of their senses to (summarized) discoveries made on the path of the describe air (Can they see it? feel air in the environment. it? smell it? hear it? taste it? How Methodology: do we know it's there? What evi- Air is all around us:, Air is every- dence can they provide to support where. It cannot be seen, but it is their descriptions of air?) all around us. Air is invisible. Air is a form of energy. This unit helps Doing simple experiments the chil- students discover that air is eve- dren will explore air pressure and rywhere, that Air exists observing the force of air. some of the things it does ( Air can fill a balloon, for example, and Trough artistic productions, plastics, Theme goals Children know : Air hot air rises (hot air balloon). become We breath air, air is a gas, air Living things use air: polluted with makes up the atmosphere. emission of To breathe, plants use air to make gas: Children observe: food, birds use air for fly, seeds Industry, indi- Air moves (wind); air can change are distributed by wind. vidual actions, temperature, can smell, can be Properties of air: transportation seen (water vapour, smoke); they Air is transparent, air is weight, . can feel when it moves (wind), air takes up space, air has volume The effects they can see air moves things and pressure , air is a gas. of air pollution. (storm); moving air makes weather; ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS Group time: ing. Divide living into animals and ries: animals that fly and animals Living or not living? Animal or plants. Divide nonliving into solids, that do not fly. plant? Solid liquid or gas? liquids and gases: Cut some pictures from a magazine, Put this sheet on the floor. Ask or show some pictures from a book children to place their cards in one with living (animals, plants) and non of the empty squares on the dia- living things (ice, stones, water, gram where they think they be- clouds, coins..) long. On a large sheet of paper draw a Animals That Fly or Do Not Fly heading All sorts of things, and Cut pictures of animals from maga- using a tree dia- zines and organized in two large gram format, di- sheets of white blank chart paper, vide the sheet into living and nonliv- animals into two different catego- Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE AIR 10
  • 11. ART Wind and Air – The Invisible Force the bubbles. When the bubbles of art… pop remove the paper and leave to dry. B ubble Blow Painting: Painting: Water paint down a little to make Mix to- it runny. Pour a couple of drops of gether the paint on to paper, then children paint and use a drinking straw to blow the some paint in all directions. washing up Keep adding more paint and blow- liquid in ing. the tray. Add some water until it is Mask of air: Pictorial and graphic production : runny enough to blow bubbles. The Print to colour paper mask patterns. of experiences and learning activi- children use the drinking straw to ties using different artistic tech- blow into the paint to make bubbles. niques. Gently place the paper on top of MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS WHAT IS AIR? tle. Challenge your child to try and t h e Teacher ask a series of questions to see push the paper ball into the bottle string what children know about air. using the air stream from the hair 6. Blow Ask child if they think air is real. Wave hands around, can we feel air? How do we dryer. Much to your child’s sur- up the know it's there? Can we see it? Tell child prise, the paper will not enter the balloon we can "see" air, in a way. bottle even when the flow of air and hold Blow up balloon. Why does the balloon the open- get bigger? Open the end of the balloon ing so near the child's face; s/he can feel the that the air, too. air does not es- c a p e . 7. Place the mouth of the balloon so that it is pointing toward the closest tree or post. points directly to the bottle’s 8. Make sure that the balloon is opening! parallel to the string/straw. Place 4. Discuss what happened. two pieces of tape over the straw and balloon making sure that the Volume Experiment: Pressure Experiment: balloon is attached securely. 1. Take an empty, 2-litre soft 1. Take one end of the string and 9. Release the balloon. drink bottle and lay it on its side. tie it to a tree or a post. 10. Discuss what happened. Hold it down firmly. 2. Take the straw and thread it 2. Have your child make a ball out onto the other end of the string. of a small piece of paper. Make 3. Tie the other end of string to sure it is small enough to fit the second tree or post. through the mouth of the bottle. 4. Make sure that the string is 3. Hold a hair dryer so it blows t i g h t . directly into the mouth of the bot- 5. Move the straw to one end of Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE AIR 11
  • 12. GAMES: Air is fun! Creating simple ranges, pinwheel, that wind kite, little flags is cheap and easy farms, areas to make and the teacher can com- where there are bine science with physical activity many wind tur- and fun! Children can discover with bines operating, their “air-toys” that wind is air are unsightly: that moves over the earth's sur- giant pinwheels face and movement of air is ener- or wind tur- gy. bines, up to 330 Discuss the pros and cons of using feet (100 me- Didascalia dell'immagine o wind energy. Pros would include ters), are used della fotografia the fact that wind is a renewable on wind farms energy source and that wind ener- to create clean gy creates no pollutants or radio- energy. active by-products. Cons would include arguments made by some Wind in Poem, Music and Paintings Read poem: Ask the children: Who Has Seen the Wind? How do these poems represent the By Christina Rossetti idea that one needs to feel the wind or observe its' effects in or- Who has seen the wind? der to know it is there? Neither I nor you. But when the leaves hang trem- Explore the internet together bling, for windy images. The wind is passing through. Look for photographs showing the Who has seen the wind? Neither you nor I. But when the trees bow down their heads, The wind is passing by. wind at work and play. Find and display some paintings by such art- ists as Winslow Homer. On line you can view Van Gogh's depiction of a windy day. Bring on the music. Find some good storm music such as se- lections from “Scherazade” and the “Valkyries”. Encourage kids to paint or move to the music . Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE AIR 12
  • 13. Air is life ! Teaching Earth Science with Air Goals: way to see if air has lots of oxygen Air become polluted with emis- in it is to look for signs of lichen sion of gas: industry, individual growing on tree limbs. You can also actions, transportation . keep an eye out for bird and insect The effects of air pollution. life. Explain to children that cars, factories and the creating of elec- tricity all put bad substances into Activities: the air which affects health and Reading a nature. story about air pollu- Together think of ways that we tion to can save air learn about things that cause air pollution and what we can do to “Why drive when keep the air clean. WE can walk?! Clean air is vital to all life. One Walking, running, skipping are all much more fun than sitting in a “Plant trees, the lungs of the boring un-cool car” Earth” Sommario THE PROJECT 1 OBJECTIVES UNIT.1 “A TRIP OF A DROP”- METHODOLOGY 2 THEME GOALS “WATER-THE LIVIVING POWER” ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS /GROUP TIME ART 3 MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS GAMES 4 THE WATER CYCLE IN NATURE WATER CYCLE ACTIVITIES: A MINIATURE A TRIP OF A DROP – INVENTING A STORY, DRAMATIZATION, 5 Sponsor: PICTORIAL AND GRAPHIC PRODUCTION WATER IS LIFE ! TEACHING EARTH SCIENCE WITH WATER 6 UNIT.2 FIRE METHODOLOGY 7 THEME GOALS ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS /GROUP TIME: ART 8 MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS STORY OF FIRE 9 DON'T PLAY WITH FIRE! TEACHING SAFETY FIRE : SOME IMPORTANT THING TO DISCUSS WITH CHILDREN FIREFIGHTERS AT SCHOOL UNIT.3 AIR 10 THEME GOALS ACTIVITIES, TESTS AND EXPERIMENTS /GROUP TIME ART 11 MATH AND SCIENCE: SOME EXPERIMENTS GAMES: AIR IS FUN! 12 WIND IN POEM, MUSIC AND PAINTINGS Manual teachers methodology: THE EARTH IS OUR LITTLE GREEN HOUSE AIR 13