The document compares economic indicators such as GDP, inflation, electricity production, and unemployment under military dictatorships and democracies in Pakistan from 1977-2007. It finds that GDP, electricity production, and inflation were generally better (higher GDP and production, lower inflation) under dictatorships led by Zia-ul-Haq and Musharraf compared to democratic governments of Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif. However, unemployment was lowest under Zia-ul-Haq's dictatorship and higher under Musharraf, so there is a small advantage for democracy on unemployment. Overall, the document concludes most economic factors indicate dictatorships were better for Pakistan's economy during this period.
2. INTRODUCTION
It has been 65 years since the creation of
Pakistan and in this huge time span Pakistan
has seen three military dictatorships and four
democratic governments eras but still the
debate of which is best for Pakistan’s
Economy
Democracy or Dictatorship
3. Evaluate Economic Performance From
1977-2007
Four Economic Indicators
GDP ( Gross Domestic Product)
Inflation
Electrical Producation
Employment
4. DICTATOR ZIA- UL-HAQ’S ERA
This period starting from 1977-1988 is
regarded as the second dictatorship
era in the history of Pakistan as
the first one was Ayub Khan’s era,
it is also called the era of Islamization
5. GDP IN ZIA-UL-HAQ ERA
GDP
45,000,000,000.00
40,000,000,000.00
35,000,000,000.00
30,000,000,000.00
25,000,000,000.00
20,000,000,000.00
15,000,000,000.00
10,000,000,000.00
5,000,000,000.00
0.00
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
uring the ten years of Zia-Ul-Haq’s rule the GDP of Pakistan increased by 154
6. INFLATION IN ZIA-UL-HAQ ERA
Inflation
14
12
10
8
Inflation
6
4
2
0
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
Average inflation rate/year was 7%
1986
1987
1988
7. ELECTRIC PRODUCTION
Electricity production (kWh)
35,000,000,000.00
30,000,000,000.00
25,000,000,000.00
20,000,000,000.00
Electricity production (kWh)
15,000,000,000.00
10,000,000,000.00
5,000,000,000.00
0.00
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
Electricity Production during Zia-Ul-Haq’s Era increased by 200% in the ten year
9. THIRD DEMOCRATIC ERA
This decade is regarded as the third
democratic era in this period of
approximately eleven years from 1988-1999.
Pakistan’s political history experienced two
democratic government twice i.e Late
Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif
ruled Pakistan alternatively each being
elected twice with heavy mandate of the
people.
10. FIRST DEMOCRATIC RULE 1988-1990 (PPP)
GDP (current US$)
Electricity production (kWh)
4.02E+10
3.8E+10
3.75E+10
4.015E+1
3.7E+10
3.65E+10
4.01E+10
3.6E+10
4.005E+1
GDP (current US$)
3.55E+10
Electricity production
(kWh)
3.5E+10
4E+10
3.45E+10
3.4E+10
3.995E+1
3.35E+10
3.99E+10
1989
1990
GDP Decreased by 2 %
3.3E+10
1989
1990
Electricity Only by
14. 3RD DICTATOR ERA
2001-2007
After government Nawaz Sharif , General
Musharaf took the control of the government
and legitimized his rule due to elections held
in 2002 brought PML(Q) into the government
who proved to be loyal supporters of
President Musharaf and he ruled Pakistan for
more than 8 years.
15. GDP IN MUSHARAF ERA
GDP (current US$)
1.8E+11
1.6E+11
1.4E+11
1.2E+11
1E+11
GDP (current US$)
8E+10
6E+10
4E+10
2E+10
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Massive increase in the GDP of Pakistan by 120%
16. ELECTRIC PRODUCTION
Electricity production (kWh)
1.2E+11
1E+11
8E+10
6E+10
Electricity production (kWh)
4E+10
2E+10
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Period of eight years it only increased by 30%.
17. INFLATION IN MUSHARAF ERA
Inflation
25
20
15
Inflation
10
5
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Inflation was increased to 20%
Average inflation rate per year during his rule was 7%
18. UNEMPLOYMENT IN DICTATOR’S ERA
Unemployment
9
8
7
6
5
Unemployment
4
3
2
1
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2007
2008
Well controlled and in in rule the unemployment decreased by the 1%
19. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GDP
GDP (current US$)
1.2E+11
1E+11
8E+10
GDP (current US$)
6E+10
4E+10
2E+10
0
Zia UI Haq
PPP
PML(N)
Musharaf
20. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC
PRODUCTION
Electricity production (kWh)
9E+10
8E+10
7E+10
6E+10
5E+10
Electricity production (kWh)
4E+10
3E+10
2E+10
1E+10
0
Zia UI Haq
PPP
PML(N)
Musharaf
23. CONCLUSION
If we consider GDP as the factor for evaluation of governments then
DICTATORSHIP proves a better option.
The second economic indicator used in this report is Electricity production
which also indicates the highest growth rates in the terms of electricity
production was under the government of Musharaf and Zia-Ul-Haq
therefore this factor also supports DICTATORSHIP.
Our third economic indicator in in this report is inflation and it also
indicates that the inflation rates were low and controlled under the
governments of Musharaf and Zia as compared to government of PPP and
PML(N) therefore this factor also supports DICTATORSHIP as a better
form of government.
Unemployment is the fourth economic factor which we have used to
evaluate governments in the past thirty years and this also shows that the
unemployment was LEAST during the rule of Zia-Ul-Haq while Musharaf
had the HIGHEST unemployment rates So there is little edge for
DEMOCRACY for maintaining unemployment rate.