“Systems of Systems” (SoS) is a new industry term that originated from the Department of Defense (DoD) in the mid to late 1990s. It is now used in civil sectors around the world and beginning in commercial sectors. What are these and why should you care? This presentation considers these questions and concludes that existing major systems (F/A-18s, B-2s, 787s, cars, satellites and more) will increasingly become part of larger SoSs, which in turn will impact their requirements. A number of SoSs will be addressed including the world’s 1st, global SoS called GEOSS (Global Earth Observation System of Systems) supported at the highest levels by 66 countries including the US, processes needed and current and future applications within potential markets worldwide. It will also look at the important role professional societies like the IEEE have in shaping SoS.

1. " Systems-of-Systems in Our Futures? ” GP45126001.ppt Paul E. Gartz President-elect, IEEE Systems Council IEEE Distinguished Lecturer to India, China, Europe on SoSs and Systems Engineering AESS Chapter Meeting, Seattle 2007-05-30

2. GP45126001.ppt Aerospace…A Key frontier…Still!

4. - SoS Applications

5. Emerging Systems-of-Systems (SoS) Plan, Deliver, Store Materiel Defend and Secure Countries Observe Water, Air, Earth, Space to Predict Climate, Weather+ Transport People and Cargo in Cars, Trucks, Ships, Trains, Airplanes Some Major Societal Functions/Systems Assure Human Health & Productivity Logistics SoS Security SoS Earth Decisions SoS (e.g., GEOSS+) Transportation SoS New Markets + Societal Benefits 2005 2020 2010 2015 2025 Health SoS What’s New = Better Interoperability

6. Different System/SoS Business Models Drivers = Public Benefit: Consumerism, Business, National/Global Goals I. Classic RFP Response (e.g., Defense, Government) II. Large Commercial (e.g., Airplanes, Autos) III. Internet (e.g., Google Earth, Amazon) IVc. Completely New, Very large SoSs – (e.g., Saudis) IVb. Evolved Commercial/Civil SoSs – (e.g., GEOSS) IVa. Evolved Defense/Security SoS - (e.g., Info Battlefield) Very Different Ways of Doing SoSs, Systems Engineering and Business

7. - SoS Applications #1 GEOSS Global Earth Observation SoS Administered by GEO = Group on Earth Observation, Secretariat in Geneva

8. GEOSS is Climate, Weather & More Plus their Economic, Earth and Human/Societal Impacts

11. Temperature & Greenhouse Gas Histories Starting at 400,000 yr BP Is the present a normal oscillation or is it Global Warming?

12. Times are changing? Agriculture Industry ??

16. SoS Example - Weather Ocean and First Responders Systems Weather Systems Ocean State Systems Integrated Storm Impact & Response Measurements & Analysis System Products Responders’ Information California Pictures Satellite Radiosonde Radar Profiler

17. Status of GEOSS Architecture What few things must be the same so that everything else can be different?

18. “ Glue ” Needed for All SoS Architectures Networks Sensors Signal Processing Common- ication Computing, Software SoS Systems/Technologies & Systems in a SoS Architecture Navigation Geo- Spatial Data Governments + Science + Engineering + Users For Each Need: -Engineering & Science Site Defining Problems + Data Simulate Solutions -Users…Simulate Value -Governments…Simulate Societal Value Satellites, Airplanes, Buoys, Balloons, Weather Stations Aerospace Systems & Skills are Key to All SoSs

19. - SoS Applications #2 UAVs/PAVs/ATM

20. PAVs – “Flying Car” AESS Shanghai, China; Dec 2005 The Automotive World Today The Aerospace World Today

21. M400 Demonstrator Test Flight – A Real Vehicle Davis, CA; USA; Moller Facility; 2002

22. - SoS Applications #3 Global Infrastructure

23. World Fastest Growing City

24. Some US$ 90 BILLION (2005 EST.) projects are on-going in Dubai alone!

25. Saudi Logistics “Land Bridge” Saudi Arabia Saudi Investment Announced as $1.1T over 10 Years Notional Possibilities Only New Logistics Infrastructure Europe China India Existing Infrastructure

29. IEEE Regional Activities Board (RAB)…Global Regions 31 December 2004 R8 – 53,471 R10 – 63,548 R1 - 6 221,141 R9 – 12,216 TOTAL – 365,483 R7 15,107 1 -6 7 8 10 9 (IEEE Canada)

30. “ Glue ” Needed for All SoS Architectures RAB Regions EAB Education Stds Standards Networks Sensors Signal Processing Common- ication Computing, Software SoS Systems/Technologies & Systems in a SoS Architecture Navigation Geo- Spatial Data Governments + Science + Engineering + Users TAB Technical IEEE Boards

31. IEEE Systems Council Addresses Systems and SoSs of “ National and Global Significance” … Will be key to GEOSS and all SoSs

32. “ What we do in the next ten years affects our children and the next fifty” Courtesy of R. Anthes

33. Questions?