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Networking Basics

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Networking Basics
Unicast ,[object Object]
Multicast ,[object Object]
Broadcast ,[object Object]
Topology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bus Topology ,[object Object],Terminator
Star Topology ,[object Object],[object Object]
Ring Topology ,[object Object],[object Object]
Ring Topology ,[object Object],[object Object],A B C D
Mesh Topology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Coaxial Cable ,[object Object],[object Object]
Coaxial Cable Connector
Thicknet (10Base5) ,[object Object],[object Object],Coaxial Cable Thicknet
Thinnet (10base2) ,[object Object],[object Object],Coaxial Cable Thinnet
Twisted Pair (TP) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Twisted Pair (TP) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP) ,[object Object]
Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP) ,[object Object]
UTP Types Data Rate upto 1000 Mbps Ethernet Cat 6 Data Rage upto 1000 Mbps Ethernet Cat 5e Date Rate up to 100 Mbps Ethernet – 16 for Token Ring Cat 5 Data Rate upto 16 Mbps – Token Ring Cat 4 Data Rate upto 10 Mbps – Token Ring & 10 Base – T Cat 3 Date Rage upto 4 Mbps – Token Ring Cat 2 Data Rate upto 1 Mbps – Telephone Line Cat 1 UTP CAT 1/2/3/4/5/6
Fiber Optic ,[object Object]
Fiber Optic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Straight Through Cable Pin 1 Orange / White Pin 2 Orange Pin 3 Green / White Pin 4 Blue Pin 5 Blue/White Pin 6 Green Pin 7 Brown/White Pin 8 Brown 1 1 2 2 3 3 6 6 Pin 1 Orange / White Pin 2 Orange Pin 3 Green / White Pin 4 Blue Pin 5 Blue/White Pin 6 Green Pin 7 Brown/White Pin 8 Brown Pin number Wire color Wire Becomes Pin Number Wire color
Straight Through Cable ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cross Over Cable Pin 1 Green/White Pin 2 Green Pin 3 Orange/White Pin 4 Blue Pin 5 Blue/White Pin 6 Orange Pin 7 Brown/White Pin 8 Brown 1 3 2 6 3 1 6 2 Pin 1 Orange/White Pin 2 Orange Pin 3 Green / White Pin 4 Blue Pin 5 Blue/White Pin 6 Green Pin 7 Brown/White Pin 8 Brown Pin number Wire color Wire Becomes Pin Number Wire color
Straight through / X- Over Cable The Transmit and Receive pins are shown above
Cross Over Cable ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Where to use Straight through and Cross Over Cable Similar Devices Cross Over Cable Dissimilar Devices Straight through Cable Hub / Switch PC PC PC
Registered Jack (RJ) ,[object Object],[object Object],RJ 45 RJ 11
Local Area Network (LAN) ,[object Object]
Wide Area Network (WAN) ,[object Object]
Intranet
Internet
Open System Internetconnect (OSI) ,[object Object]
OSI ,[object Object],[object Object]
OSI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Open System Interconnect
Data communication with OSI How data travels through the layers of the OSI model Peer Communication Information flow Network Medium
OSI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OSI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OSI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OSI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Breaking data in to Segments Data
OSI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OSI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OSI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OSI Data Flow in OSI HUB Switch Router Gateway
OSI
OSI OSI Layers TCP/IP Layers
IP Addressing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IP Addressing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IP Addressing
IP Address ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Class Range Widely Used Multicast Research & Development
IP Addressing Private IP Address Range 16,77,214 65,534 254 126 16,384 2,097,152 24 16 8 8 16 24 1 - 126 128 -191 192 - 223 0 10 110 A B C Number of Hosts Number of Networks Host ID Bits Network ID Bits First Byte Values First Bits Class 192.168.0.0 through 192.168.255.255 C 172.16.0.0 through 172.31.255.255 B 10.0.0.0 through 10.255.255.255 A Network Address Class
IP Addressing ,[object Object],[object Object]
IP Addressing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click Start  Run  Type cmd  Ping 127.56.26.36
Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Broadcast Address ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How to assign static IP address and Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object]
How to assign static IP address and Subnet Mask ,[object Object],[object Object]
Mac Address ,[object Object],[object Object]
Mac Address ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MAC Address ,[object Object],[object Object]
MAC Address ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MAC Address
Request Timed Out ,[object Object],[object Object]
Destination Host Unreachable ,[object Object]
Difference between Request timed out and Destination Host Unreachable IP : 192.168.1.53 Mask : 255.255.255.0 D.G : 192.168.1.1 IP : 192.168.0.8 Mask : 255.255.255.0 D.G : 192.168.0.1 IP : 192.168.2.56 Mask : 255.255.255.0 IP : 192.168.1.36 Mask : 255.255.255.0 Hub/Switch Hub/Switch
Difference between Destination Host Unreachable and Destination Host Net Unreachable Cable/DSL Modem WAN Side LAN Side Note: Since the Router is not able to pass the WAN interface it is giving the reply from LAN interface IP : 192.168.2.168 Mask : 255.255.255.0 IP : 192.168.1.192 Mask : 255.255.255.0 Hub/Switch Router Internet
Destination Net Unreachable ,[object Object]
Unknown Host ,[object Object],[object Object]
Command Prompt Error ,[object Object]
Error Code 28 (Command Prompt ,[object Object]
Error Code 65 (Command Prompt ,[object Object]
Socket Error
Digital Signature ,[object Object]
Digital Signature ,[object Object]
NIC Card Installation ,[object Object]
NIC Card Installation ,[object Object],[object Object]
NIC Card Installation SMC 1211 TX ,[object Object],[object Object]
NIC Card Installation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NIC Card Installation ,[object Object]
NIC Card Installation ,[object Object]
NIC Card Installation ,[object Object],[object Object]

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Networking Basics

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  • 19. UTP Types Data Rate upto 1000 Mbps Ethernet Cat 6 Data Rage upto 1000 Mbps Ethernet Cat 5e Date Rate up to 100 Mbps Ethernet – 16 for Token Ring Cat 5 Data Rate upto 16 Mbps – Token Ring Cat 4 Data Rate upto 10 Mbps – Token Ring & 10 Base – T Cat 3 Date Rage upto 4 Mbps – Token Ring Cat 2 Data Rate upto 1 Mbps – Telephone Line Cat 1 UTP CAT 1/2/3/4/5/6
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  • 22. Straight Through Cable Pin 1 Orange / White Pin 2 Orange Pin 3 Green / White Pin 4 Blue Pin 5 Blue/White Pin 6 Green Pin 7 Brown/White Pin 8 Brown 1 1 2 2 3 3 6 6 Pin 1 Orange / White Pin 2 Orange Pin 3 Green / White Pin 4 Blue Pin 5 Blue/White Pin 6 Green Pin 7 Brown/White Pin 8 Brown Pin number Wire color Wire Becomes Pin Number Wire color
  • 23.
  • 24. Cross Over Cable Pin 1 Green/White Pin 2 Green Pin 3 Orange/White Pin 4 Blue Pin 5 Blue/White Pin 6 Orange Pin 7 Brown/White Pin 8 Brown 1 3 2 6 3 1 6 2 Pin 1 Orange/White Pin 2 Orange Pin 3 Green / White Pin 4 Blue Pin 5 Blue/White Pin 6 Green Pin 7 Brown/White Pin 8 Brown Pin number Wire color Wire Becomes Pin Number Wire color
  • 25. Straight through / X- Over Cable The Transmit and Receive pins are shown above
  • 26.
  • 27. Where to use Straight through and Cross Over Cable Similar Devices Cross Over Cable Dissimilar Devices Straight through Cable Hub / Switch PC PC PC
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  • 37. Data communication with OSI How data travels through the layers of the OSI model Peer Communication Information flow Network Medium
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  • 42. Breaking data in to Segments Data
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  • 46. OSI Data Flow in OSI HUB Switch Router Gateway
  • 47. OSI
  • 48. OSI OSI Layers TCP/IP Layers
  • 49.
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  • 52.
  • 53. IP Addressing Private IP Address Range 16,77,214 65,534 254 126 16,384 2,097,152 24 16 8 8 16 24 1 - 126 128 -191 192 - 223 0 10 110 A B C Number of Hosts Number of Networks Host ID Bits Network ID Bits First Byte Values First Bits Class 192.168.0.0 through 192.168.255.255 C 172.16.0.0 through 172.31.255.255 B 10.0.0.0 through 10.255.255.255 A Network Address Class
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  • 75.
  • 76. Difference between Request timed out and Destination Host Unreachable IP : 192.168.1.53 Mask : 255.255.255.0 D.G : 192.168.1.1 IP : 192.168.0.8 Mask : 255.255.255.0 D.G : 192.168.0.1 IP : 192.168.2.56 Mask : 255.255.255.0 IP : 192.168.1.36 Mask : 255.255.255.0 Hub/Switch Hub/Switch
  • 77. Difference between Destination Host Unreachable and Destination Host Net Unreachable Cable/DSL Modem WAN Side LAN Side Note: Since the Router is not able to pass the WAN interface it is giving the reply from LAN interface IP : 192.168.2.168 Mask : 255.255.255.0 IP : 192.168.1.192 Mask : 255.255.255.0 Hub/Switch Router Internet
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