1. ROLE OF IMPROVED SEED INROLE OF IMPROVED SEED IN
TRANSFORMINGTRANSFORMING
AGRICULTURE IN INDONESIAAGRICULTURE IN INDONESIA
Erizal JamalErizal Jamal
Indonesian Institute for Agriculture Technology Transfer, IAARD,Indonesian Institute for Agriculture Technology Transfer, IAARD,
Ministry of AgricultureMinistry of Agriculture

2. Rice Rice Rice
Palm oil fruit
Palm oil fruit
Palm oil fruitMaize
Maize
Maize
Coconuts
Coconuts
Coconuts
Natural rubber
Natural rubber
Natural rubber
Cassava
Cassava
Cassava
Cocoabeans
Cocoabeans
Coffee
Coffee
Coffee
Groundnuts
Groundnuts
Sugarcane
Sugarcane
SugarcaneOthers
Others
Others
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1990 2000 2008
% Composition of crop area, in Indonesia 1990-2008

4. 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2005 2008 2010 2005 2008 2010 2005 2008 2010
Rice Maize Soybeans
000 tonnes
Certified-CBN Certified-BLBU Certified-Price subsidy Certified-Market purchased Non-certified
Provision of certified seeds for rice, maize and soybeans, 2005, 2008 and 2010

5. Governor
Prov. agency of Agr.
DG of Food Crops
DG of Seeds
Research Center/BATAN/Univ.
ICFORD
BBI
BS-FS
BBU
FS-SS
BBP
SS-ES
Breeders
SS-ES
BPSB SOEs
BS-FS-SS
TRADERS-DISTRIBUTORS-RETAILERS
FARMERS FARMERS FARMERS
ES
SS
ES
ES
ES
ES
ES
SS
FS
BS
BS/FS
BS
BSBS
Official Rice Seed Procurement and Distribution

6. The Main Problems of Seed
Industry in Indonesia
1. Inconsistency Policy in Seed Production and
distribution process.
2. Decentralization of Seed Production and
Distribution (Most of Parent Seed Center and
Main Seed Center in provincial and district level
are not working well).
3. There are Variation of Willingness to use of
certificate seed among the farmers that planted
Rice, Maize and Soybeans.

7. The Parent Seed Center (BBI) Condition, 2012
Aceh
Sumut
Riau
Kepri
Sumbar
Jambi
Bengkulu
Sumsel
Babel
Lampung
Banten
DKI Jkt
Jabar
Jateng
Jatim
Bali
NTB
NTT
Kalbar
Kalteng
Kalsel
Kaltim
Sulut
Sulsel
Sultra
Sulbar
Sulteng
Gorontalo
Maluku
Maluku Utara
Papua
Papua Barat
DIY
: 0-25 % active (4 Province)
: >75% active (22 Province)
: > 25-75% active (6 Province)
: No Data (19%)

8. The Main Seed Center (BBU) Condition, 2012
Aceh
Sumut
Riau
Kepri
Sumbar
Jambi
Bengkulu
Sumsel
Babel
Lampung
Banten
DKI Jkt
Jabar
Jateng
Jatim
Bali
NTB
NTT
Kalbar
Kalteng
Kalsel
Kaltim
Sulut
Sulsel
Sultra
Sulbar
Sulteng
Gorontalo
Maluku
Maluku Utara
Papua
Papua Barat
DIY
: 0-25% active (7 Province)
: >75% active (16 Province)
: > 25-75% active (7 Province)
: No data (2 Province)

9. Problem and Policies in Rice
SeedProblem
•The percentage of farmers that use certified Seed is
around 50%.
•Need around 5-10 years the seed dissemination
(the farmers accepted new Rice varieties).
Policies
•Introduction of new rice variety through Integrated
Crop management (Demo Plot )
•Develop Extension Seed Management Unit (UPBS)

10. Ministry of
Agriculture
House of
Parliamen
t
House of
Parliamen
t
MediaMedia
AcademicsAcademicsNGOsNGOs
Major
District
Agricultural
Services
Farmer
Organizations
Farmer
Organizations
Provincial,
Agricultural
Services
Governor
Directorate
General of Food
Crops
Seed IndustrySeed Industry
Sub District /
Extension
Office
Sang Hyang
Seri
PT. Pertani
Private
Sectors
Ministry of
Finance
Breeder
Farmer
Inputs/feeds from stakeholders law enactment process: drafting, submission, approval, certification
Pressure from stakeholders to government and parliament coordination, input and feedback
Actors and Players The Direct Superior Seed Aid (BLBU) Program in Indonesia

11. Ministry of
Agriculture
House of
Parliament
House of
Parliament
MediaMedia
AcademicsAcademicsNGOsNGOs
Major
District
Agricultural
Services
Farmer
Organizations
Farmer
Organizations
Provincial,
Agricultural
Services
Governor
Directorate
General of Food
Crops
Seed IndustrySeed Industry
Sub District /
Extension
Office
Sang Hyang
Seri
PT. Pertani
Private
Sectors
Ministry of
Finance
Breeder
Farmer
Level of Influence of actors and players in The Direct Superior Seed Aid
Program in Indonesia
4 3 2 3
5
443
664
5
2
2
4
33
222
1

12. Problem and Policies in
Maize Seed
Problem
•Farmers tend to invest more on seed
purchasing for maize cultivation mainly due to
increase of seed price, risk from climate
change and seed shortage.
Policies
•Strengthening seed production through
Establish “Maize Seed Village”

13. Problem and Policies in
Soybean Seed
The Problems:
•Centralization of Seed Production (Since BS-FS-SS-
ES).
•Dormancy period of soybeans seed is Short (5-6
Months)
•Time for Seed Distribution is Limited
Policies
•Decentralization of seed production process (lesson
learn from Farmers-private sector partnership in
Black Soybeans Production)

14. Policy Recommendation for
Seed Industry
There are Three factors that influence the
development of seed industry in Indonesia
•The Quality of Seed
•The willingness the farmer to use the seed
•Stock seed in the market

15. Policy Recommendation for
Seed Industry
The Policies Recommendation that need to
formulate are:
•Process of producing the seed that meet with six
criteria (place, quality, price time, type, quantity)
•The promotion process that increase the
willingness the farmer to use the seed
•The process of seed production that guarantee
the availability of Seed in the market (stock of
Seed)

16. CONCLUSION
• The government need to formulate a consistent Policy in
Seed Production and distribution process.
• Regulations on seeds had not been able to encourage seed
industry development. It gave impact on low use of certified
seed.
• Implications relates to low usage of certified seeds were: (i)
socialization, demonstration plots of certified seeds needed
to be enhanced; (ii) The role of BPSB and infrastructure and
other supporting facilities needed to be more improved; (iii)
A regulation on informal seed breeder (local breeder), (iv) A
review on patent right was required, as only large
companies had access to obtain patent rights.

17. STRATEGI JANGKA MENENGAH DAN PANJANG …
lanjutan
6. Penguatan kelembagaan pengelola alih teknologi (SDM
,Sarana dan tata aturan):
(a) Penambahan personil untuk berbagai keahlian (IT,
Marketing, Management, Hukum,
Pertanian/Perikanan),
(b) Diklat jangka pendek dan panjang untuk bidang technology
transfer management, IPR (drafting dokumen), dll,
(c) Menyusun Panduan HKI, alih teknologi, valuasi invensi,
verifikasi lisensi dan PPPs, dan
(d) Mengusulkan revisi Permentan 67 Tahun 2012 terkait
penetapan besaran royalti, dan pemanfaatannya.