This document summarizes the applications of remote sensing and GIS in agriculture as presented by Rehana Khaliq. It discusses how GIS systems capture and analyze geospatial data to integrate information and perform analysis. Remote sensing is defined as obtaining information about objects without physical contact using sensors. The document outlines how remote sensing and GIS have been applied to agriculture for tasks like crop mapping and monitoring, yield estimation, and precision agriculture. It also discusses their applications in forestry, land use mapping, and urban planning. While remote sensing provides valuable data, it notes that measurement errors and data interpretation can sometimes be challenging. In conclusion, the document argues that remote sensing and GIS are promising tools to enhance sustainable agriculture and development through

1. Topic of Presentation:
ApplicAtions of Remote sensing And gis
in AgRicultuRe
By
ReHAnA KHAliQ
luciAn BlAgA univeRsity siBiu

2. Geographic Information System
 A GIS is a computer system capable of capturing,
storing, analyzing, and displaying geographically
referenced information; that is, data identified
according to location.
 Practitioners also define a GIS as including the
procedures, operating personnel, and spatial data that
go into the system.


3. A GIS makes it possible to link, or integrate,
information that is difficult to associate through any
other means.
 Thus, a GIS can use combinations of mapped
variables to build and analyze new variables.
 GIS is most useful when used to perform data
analysis


4. First developed in North America, particularly the
U.S. and Canada in the mid-1960s
 Previously been used in natural resources and
environmental research


5. GIS: OLD AND NEW
Traditional GIS
MAP
TYPEWRITER
MANUAL DRAFING
TOOLS
New GIS
COMPUTER
PLOTTER
CD-ROM

6. 
the real world has a lot of spatial data
◦ manipulation, analysis and modeling can be effective
and efficiently carried out with a GIS





the neighborhood of the intended purchase of house
the route for fire-fighting vehicles to the fire area
location of historical sites to visit
the earth surface for purposes of army
the earth surface is a limited resource
 rational decisions on space utilization
 fast and quality information in decision making

7. 
complexity of management
◦ due to the need to combine and process many sets of data,
in addition to judge as many as possible, situation that
might happen.

intense competition
◦ the need to use technology in making decisions and
strategy in the world of intense competition.

8. GIS
USES
VARIOUS DATA
SOURCES
1
2
MAPS
IMAGE
AND
DIGITAL
PRODUCTS
VARIOUS DATA
FORMATS
GPS
TEXT
DATA
TABULAR
DATA
DATABASE
MAPS
4
REPORTS
3
4

9. •Data Acquisition
and prepossessing
•Database Management and Retrieval
•Spatial Measurement and Analysis
•Graphic output and Visualization

10. • Maximize the efficiency of planning and
decision making
• Provide efficient means for data distribution and
handling
• Elimination of redundant data base - minimize
duplication
• Capacity to integrate information from many
sources
• Complex analysis/query involving geographical
referenced data to generate

11. Geospatial data are better maintained in a standard
format.
 Revision and updating are easier.
 Geospatial data and information are easier to search,
analysis and represent.
 More value added product.
 Geospatial data can be shared and exchanged freely.
 Productivity of the staff improved and more efficient.
 Time and money are saved.
 Better decision can be made.



12. 








Facilities Management:
Locating underground pipes & cables, planning facility
maintenance, telecommunication network services
Environmental and Natural Resources Management:
Environmental impact analysis, disaster management
and mitigation
Street Network:
Locating houses and streets, car navigation, transportation
planning
Planning and Engineering:
Urban planning, regional planning, development of public facilities
Land Information:
Taxation, zoning of land use, land acquisition

13. 
Remote Sensing:
◦ The art and science of obtaining information about an
object without physically contact between the object and
sensor
◦ The processes of collecting information about Earth
surfaces and phenomena using sensors not in physical
contact with the surfaces and phenomena of interest.
◦ There is a medium of transmission involved i.e. Earth’s
Atmosphere.

14. Remote Sensing Process Components
Energy Source or Illumination (A)
Radiation and the Atmosphere (B)
Interaction with the Target (C)
Recording of Energy by the Sensor (D)
Transmission, Reception, and
Processing (E)
Interpretation and Analysis (F)
Source: Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing
Application (G)

16. Agriculture
 Forestry
 Geology
 Hydrology
 Sea Ice
 Land Cover & Land Use
 Mapping
 Oceans & Coastal Monitoring


17. Application Domain
Source: Jensen (2000)

18. 

Use of Remote Sensing and GIS technology in
these areas of sustainable agricultural
management.
Cropping system map generated through integrated use of temporal digital satellite data and GIS

19. 
Urbanization & Transportation
◦ Updating road maps
◦ Asphalt conditions
◦ Wetland delineation

Agriculture
◦
◦
◦
◦

Crop health analysis
Precision agriculture
Compliance mapping
Yield estimation
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
Habitat analysis
Environmental assessment
Pest/disease outbreaks
Impervious surface mapping
Lake monitoring
Hydrology
Landuse-Landcover monitoring
Mineral province
Geomorphology
Natural Resource Management

20. Agriculture
Scope
•
Crop acreage estimation
•
Crop modeling for yield & production
forecast / estimation
•
Crop & Orchard monitoring
Benefits
•
Timely availability of crop statistics
for decision making & planning
•
Crop growth monitoring
•
Soil status monitoring
•
FFC Goth Macchi
Regular reports regarding total area
Dec 16, 2005, Pre-Frost
Jan 12, 2006, Damage
Mar 05, 2006, Recovery
under cultivation
Banana Plantation – Muhammad Pur (Ghotki)

21. Forestry
Scope
•
Satellite image based forest
resource mapping and updation
•
Forest change detection
•
Forest resource inventory
•
GIS database development
Benefits
•
Availability of baseline
•
Planning for aforestation
•
Futuristic resource planning
•
Sustainability of environment
•
Sarhad Reserve Forest (Ghotki)
Wild life conservation & development for
information
strategies
recreation purpose
Nausharo
Firoz

22. Landuse / Landcover Mapping
Scope
•
Monitoring dynamic changes
•
Urban/Rural infrastructure
•
Waterlogging & salinity
Benefits
•
Assessment of spatial distribution
of land
resources
•
Infrastructure monitoring
•
Availability of usable land
•
Future planning for better land management
for socio-economic development

23. Urban & Regional Planning
Scope
•
Mapping & updation of city/town
maps
•
Urban sprawl monitoring
•
Town planning
•
Facility management
•
GIS database development
Benefits
•
Better decision support,
planning &
management
•
Rapid information updation
•
Infrastructure development monitoring
•
Spatial information analysis
Lyari Express Way – Section (Essa Nagri)

24. 


Expensive to build and operate!!!!
Measurement uncertainty can be large
Data interpretation can be difficult

need to understand theoretically how the instrument is
making the measurements

need to understand measurement uncertainties

need to have some knowledge of the phenomena you
are sampling

25. 
Recent developments in remote sensing and GIS hold much promise to
enhance integrated management of all available information and the
extraction of desired information to promote sustainable agriculture and
development.

GIS is considered one of the important tools for decision making in problem
solving environment dealing with geo-information.

Remotely sensed images can be used to identify nutrient deficiencies,
diseases, water deficiency or surplus, weed infestations, insect damage, hail
damage, wind damage, herbicide damage, and plant populations.

Remote Sensing and GIS technology is very effective tool for suggesting
action plans /management strategies for agricultural sustainability of any
region.

26. thanks!!!
the end