2.  Explain line configuration
 Explain different types of topologies
 Explain the types of networks
 Discuss the modes of transmission
 Discuss the hierarchical network model
 Discuss the OSI Layers
Chapter 1 2

3.  A dedicated link exists between the two devices
Chapter 1 3

4.  More than two devices share the same link
Chapter 1 4

5.  Represents the physical layout of devices on a
network
 It is the arrangement of the devices on the
network and the way they communicate with
each other
Bus Physical Topology Mesh
Star Tree
Ring
Chapter 1 5

6.  This is used in a small area, an office or organization
 The computers can be connected to
each other and other devices, printer
or a modem
 The rate at which the data is
transmitted is very fast
Chapter 1 6

7.  This is used in a large geographical area, town or city
 Enables high speed connections using fiber optic
Chapter 1 7

8.  This is used in a larger area than MAN, countries
or cities
 Enables high speed connections using
public networks, telephone lines,
satellites, or leased lines
Chapter 1 8

9.  Only one device can transmit the data,
whereas the other can only receive the data
Chapter 1 9

10.  Both devices can transmit and receive the data, but
not simultaneously
Chapter 1 10

11.  Both the devices can send and receive the data
simultaneously
Chapter 1 11

12. Chapter 1 12

13.  The topmost layer of the OSI model
 Link between the user and the presentation layer
Chapter 1 13

14.  Functions include
› Authentication
› File access, transfer and management
› Directory Services
Chapter 1 14

15.  Acts as a link between application and the
session layer
 Defines the forms of text, graphics, video or
audio information that is to be sent to the user
Chapter 1 15

16.  Responsible to validate and establish a connection
between the users
 Each session is divided into sub sessions
 Functions include
› Session Management
› Synchronization
› Dialog Control
› Closing the session
Chapter 1 16

17.  Responsible for source-to-destination delivery of the
entire message
 divides each message into segments and assigns a
sequence number to each segment
 Functions include
› Service point addressing
› End-to-end message delivery
› Segmentation and reassembly
› Connection control
Chapter 1 17

18.  Three-Way handshake
helps to establish the
connection between
the two devices
Chapter 1 18

19.  This concept of deciding the window size
without sending an acknowledgement is
termed as Windowing
Chapter 1 19

20. Chapter 1 20

21.  Responsible for routing and logical addressing
 Assigns IP addresses and routes the packets to the
destination
 Functions include
› Source-to-destination delivery
› Logical addressing
› Routing
› Address transformation
› Multiplexing
Chapter 1 21

22.  Second layer of the OSI model
 Functions include
› Identifying the encapsulated data
› Framing
› Arbitration
› Physical addressing
› Error detection
Chapter 1 22

23.  Responsible for transmitting a bit over the
physical medium
 Converts the data from the data link layer in a
format that the communication medium can
carry
 Functions include:
› Line configuration
› Data transmission
› Topology
› Signals
Chapter 1 23

24. Half Duplex Full Duplex
One wire is used to connect the Two wires are used to connect the
networks and transmit the data networks and transmit the data
Chances of collision if client and There are no chances of collision
server transmit data
simultaneously
It uses Carrier Sense Multiple CSMA/CD not required hence the
Access with Collision Detection data transmission rate is 100
(CSMA/CD) protocol percent
Chapter 1 24

25.  Frames are used to transfer the packets
 They perform the data security check and
ensure that the data is not corrupted
Chapter 1 25

26.  The benefits of Cisco hierarchical model
include
› High performance
› Efficient management and troubleshooting
› Policy creation
› Scalability
› Behavior prediction
Chapter 1 26

27.  Responsible for fast and reliable transportation of
data across a network
 Devices include
› Cisco Switches in the 7000, 7200, 7500 and 12000
series for connecting to the WAN devices
› Catalyst Switches in the 6000, 5000 and 4000
series for connecting to the LAN devices
Chapter 1 27

28.  Responsible for routing and managing network
traffic
 Functions include
› Packet filtering
› Access layer aggregation point
› Control broadcast and multicast
› Application gateways
Chapter 1 28

29.  Layer ensures that the packets are delivered to the
destination computers
 Functions include
› Address filtering
› Separate collisions domain
› Share bandwidth
› Handle switch bandwidth
Chapter 1 29

30. Chapter 1 30

31. Chapter 1 31

32. Chapter 1 32

33.  Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
 Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
Chapter 1 33

34.  Line configuration is the manner in which the
devices are attached to the communication links
 Topology is the way in which the devices are
connected together in the network
 Two types of line configuration are:
› Point-to-point
› Multipoint
 Five basic topologies include
› Bus
› Star
Chapter 1 34

35. › Ring
› Tree
› Mesh
 The types of network are
› Local Area Network
› Metropolitan Area Network
› Wide Area Network
 Modes of transmission
› Simplex
› Half Duplex
› Full Duplex
Chapter 1 35

36.  The hierarchical network model designed by
Cisco provides a reliable, scalable and cost
effective way to transfer information
 The three layers of the network model are:
› Core
› Distributional
› Access
 Core layer is responsible for fast and reliable
transportation of data on the network
Chapter 1 36

37.  Distribution layer is responsible for routing and it
manipulates the packets by queuing them
 Access layer ensures that the packets are
delivered to the destination computers
 The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) is the
layered model for the network systems, which
enables computers in the network to
communicate with each other
 Application layer provides an interface for the
user to interact with the application
Chapter 1 37

38.  The seven layers of the OSI model include:
› Application
› Presentation
› Session
› Transport
› Network
› Data Link
› Physical
Chapter 1 38

39.  Presentation layer is responsible for the delivery
of information
 Session layer controls the communication
between the applications on the hosts
 Transport layer is responsible for source-to-
destination delivery of the entire message
 Ethernet Frames are used by the Data Link
layer to transfer the packets of data from the
Network layer
 Physical layer is responsible to transmit a bit
over the physical medium
Chapter 1 39