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Impact of social media on the future of childhood
1. “SOCIAL MEDIAAND THE
FUTURE OF CHILDHOOD”
Apparjit Chauhan, Girishkumar Solanki
Nureen Qureshi - Amin, Ratna Khullar
2. INDEX
Introduction
Social media
Types of social media
Impact of social media
Statistics
Health issues
Potential harmful effects
Potential benefits
Positive social consequences
Lifestyle modification
Identity status and power
Recommendation
Conclusion
3. INTRODUCTION
Media technologies (TV, video, games, internet, music, mobile
phones) have brought about a substantial change in the experience
of childhood in our society
These changes leave many parents unprepared for the challenge
on how to regulate their child’s time with such technologies
It has become increasingly important to monitor the impact of
media on the future of childhood
In the next 20 years it will become impossible to break the
attachment between the teen and screen
4. SOCIAL MEDIA
Definition:
1. Social Media are the platforms that enable the interactive web by
engaging users to participate in, comment on and create content
as means of communicating with their social graph, other users
and the public. (Cohen, 2011)
5. TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA
'Interactive Media' (Definition):
A method of communication in which the program's outputs
depend on the user's inputs, and the user's inputs in turn affect the
program's outputs, e.g. digital and electronic devices, software,
multi-touch tablets, app, video games and interactive (nonlinear)
screen-based media: Face book, My Space, Gaming sites, virtual
worlds such as club penguin, blogs, video sites such as YouTube
6. TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA
Noninteractive Multimedia (Definition):
Noninteractive media does not provide an interactive experience.
These include the content electronic devices which would not
alter, such as songs, movies, and photographs, as well as online
content that can not be modified, such as news articles, online
videos, and banner advertisements.
It includes certain television programs, DVDs, CDs and streaming
media now available on variety of screens
(Fredman, 2013)
7. IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA
There are three broad ways in which electronic media can impact,
child development and wellbeing:
In terms of the impact of its content
In terms of the impact of interactive activity
In terms of other activities which it replaces
8. IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA
Because of their limited capacity for self-regulation and
susceptibility to peer pressure, children and adolescents are at
some risk as they navigate and experiment with social media
9. STATISTICS
At 2 years more than 90% of all American children have an online
history
At 5 more than 50% regularly interact with a computer or tablet
device
At 7 or 8 many children regularly play video games
Teenagers text an average of 3,400 times a month
By middle school children spend more time with media than with
their parents or teachers or other activities
10. STATISTICS
Fifty-four percent of teens send text messages, and one third of
teens send more than 100 text messages per day.
The total amount of media use by youth ages 8 to 18 averages 6-
plus hours a day—more than any other activity.
Many use instant messaging while doing homework and listening
to music on an mp3 player, for example).
12. HEALTH ISSUES
Media psychology is now an official sub-specialty in the field of
psychology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(MRI) results reveal how
addiction to social media is
affecting the brain and
behavior of children
Recent studies validate
the reality of Internet
Addiction Disorder (IAD)
(People's Daily Online, 2009)
13. HEALTH ISSUES
Attention spans are decreasing because of exposure to excessively
stimulating and fast-paced media
Research reveals
relationship between
exposure to media
stimulation and Attention
Deficit Disorder (ADD)
(Yadvichuk, 2012)
14. HEALTH ISSUES
Increased exposure to media may result in:
Psychological disorders: Stress, depression, and anxiety
Eating disorders: Bulimia and anorexia
Physical health and development disorders: Visual, neurological
and physical changes e.g. sleep disorders, epilepsy, awkward
postures
16. POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS
Violence:
Children who watch more violence on the media are more
likely to:
Become emotionally desensitised to violence
Avoid taking action on behalf of a victim when violence occurs
Believe that violence is inevitable
Believe that violence is an acceptable way of solving conflict
Believe that world is a violent place, leading to greater anxiety,
self-protective behaviours and mistrust of others
Use violence themselves
18. POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS
Social Media is influencing people to stay in and stay online
versus going out and being social and doing anything physical.
More aggressive behavior
More aggressive thoughts
More angry feelings
Less empathy
Fewer helping behaviors
Increases in fear
19. POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS
Obesity
Extended use of media will results in:
Reduced activity because of what they
are not doing whilst they are interacting
with the media
Increased food and calorie consumption
(that may be influenced by advertising
or result from “snacking”) (Healthline Networks,
Inc, 2013)
20. POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS
Harmful substances
Media exposes children to harmful substances e.g. alcohol,
tobacco, marijuana, heroin, cocaine
(Guardian News and Media Limited (2013)
21. POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS
Sexual behaviour:
Potentially harmful messages about sex in the media may lead to
unhealthy sexual behaviour
Children and teenagers tend to consider media as the primary
source of information about sex
Sexual solicitation:
In future media may provide easy access to the sexual offenders to
target children
22. POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS
Suicide:
Reporting and portrayal of
suicide in media may
increase the incidence
of suicides in children
(Pinkney, 2012)
23. POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS
Crime:
Media-assisted crimes
like identity theft and
child pornography are
taking new forms and
may influence security
of future children
(Birch, 2012)
24. POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS
Cyber bullying:
Cyber bullying is a growing phenomenon in virtual
communication environments
Technology has given it a new platform of action at a faster speed
involving a number of people at the same time
(Rohan7things, 2013)
25. POTENTIAL HARMFUL EFFECTS
Future of children is at a greater risk of cyber bullying.
Cyber bullying can result in anxiety, depression, low self-esteem,
school failure and other stress-related disorders and even suicide
There appears to be very little that the law, technology, schools or
parents can do to stop it
26. POTENTIAL BENEFITS
Educational programs delivered through media will benefit
children’s knowledge and academic abilities
Well designed programs will engage children in thinking, creating,
problem solving, questioning, critiquing, communicating and
making connections
Online virtual classrooms will assist students to view teachers and
listen and learn from lectures on YouTube, in their own time.
27. POTENTIAL BENEFITS
The use of Social media networks will help youth get higher level
of education,choose better career paths, and build personal
relationships.
Build a strong network of business relations stay connected in
“real time” (Online LinkedIn Profile – Recommendations,
Reference, Internal Job Postings)
28. POTENTIAL BENEFITS
Will allow children to interact with more thought and give more
time to respond e.g. text or Facebook messages
Video games involving information, academic content and
problem-solving will accelerate children’s learning
Lead to improvement in IQs due to advances in media assisted
learning and interactive game playing
Technology will help in developing children’s skills and abilities
29. POSITIVE SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES
Enhanced ability to connect with others and form positive
relationship with peers
Children will develop a sense of friendliness, sharing, cooperation,
sympathy, and acceptance from different groups
Increased understanding of the world and positive social
behaviours
31. LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS
Reversal of roles: children with rich knowledge of media and
technology will become teachers for their parents.
Social isolation: increased use of media leading to decreased
interaction
Increased use of online learning programs and decreased
institutional learning but better connectivity as depicted in this
video link (From PCs in school to online schooling)
32. WEBCAST
Technology and Interactive Media as Tools in Early Childhood
Program Serving Children from Birth through Age 8.
The webcast outlines:
Limitations
Implications for teachers
Definition of technology and media
Recommendations
(Daniel, 2012)
33. IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE FUTURE
OF CHILDHOOD
In this video link Dr. Weiner explores the effects of social media
on children. She also discusses the various pros and cons of social
media and the extent to which children have become dependent
upon them in their everyday lives. It is a really helpful video for
the parents.
34. IDENTITY, STATUS AND POWER
Definition:
Identity is “the state or fact of remaining the same one or ones, as
under varying aspects or conditions”
Dictionary.com
35. IDENTITY, STATUS AND POWER
Online explosion of social media has lead to creation and
manipulation of multiple on line virtual identities
Self fabricated identities may be multifaceted, splintered,
concocted, unexpected, ambiguous, distorted, misrepresented and
deceptive
Identity theft may become one of the biggest dangers for the future
child
Reputation is the cornerstone of identity but reputations may be
damaged by self exhibition or shaming
(Fraser & Dutta, 2008)
36. RECOMMENDATIONS
Select, use, integrate, and evaluate technology and interactive
media in intentional and developmentally appropriate ways
Focus on the appropriateness and the quality of the engagement
Provide a balance of activities in programs for young children
Understand the limits of technology
37. RECOMMENDATIONS
Advocate and monitor content of media
Include media in parent education
Provide parents with the resources and information to promote
media awareness
Express support for good media
Encourage parents to monitor the use of media by their children
38. RECOMMENDATIONS
Parents should assess their child's activities on social networking
sites, and discuss removing inappropriate content or connections
to people who appear problematic
Parents also need to pay attention to the online trends and the
latest technologies, websites and applications children are using
39. CONCLUSION
Media studies, media and culture, media and communications
psychology, are central to the early 21st century world.
Legislation, educational efforts and norms are required that reflect
21st-century realities to maximize the opportunities and minimize
the risks for kids, to give them the safe, healthy childhood and
adolescence they deserve
40. CONCLUSION
The issue of identity portability is a question that remains open
and unresolved
New knowledge is emerging. We presently know a lot more than
we understand. As responsible parents and citizens, we must "pay
attention“ to the future of childhood
41. BIBILIOGRAPHY FOR IMAGES
Birch, S. (2012). International Private Investigators & Global
Background Checks. Retrieved from
http://globalinvestigations.blogspot.com/2012/04/how-to-spot-
most-common-identity-theft.html
Guardian News and Media Limited (2013). The UN drugs report
2011: what's happening to cocaine and heroin use? Retrieved
from http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/datablog/2011/jun/24/un-
drugs-report-afghanistan
Healthline Networks, Inc. (2013). Healthline Blogs.Retrieved from
http://www.healthline.com/health-blogs/healthline-
connects/social-media-to-combat-childhood-obesity-120312
42. BIBILIOGRAPHY FOR IMAGES
Johnson, C. (2010). Reality TV and Its Effect. Retrieved from
http://threalityofrealitytv.blogspot.ca/
Pinkney, E. (2012). Student mental health: minding the gap.
Retrieved from http://www.guardian.co.uk/higher-education-
network/blog/2012/dec/05/student-mental-health-university-
responsibility
People's Daily Online. (2009). Help our children! 10 million Chinese
minors troubled by Internet addiction. Retrieved from
http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90782/6702472.html
43. BIBILIOGRAPHY FOR IMAGES
Rohan7things. (2013). How To Get Rid of a Bully or Psychopath!
Retrieved from
http://rohan7things.wordpress.com/2013/02/17/how-to- get-rid-
of-a-bully-or-psychopath/
Stevens, J., E. (2012). The Adverse Childhood Experiences Study --
the Largest Public Health Study You Never Heard Of, Part Three.
Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jane-ellen-
stevens/the-adverse-childhood-exp_7_b_1944199.html
Walsh, D. (n.d.).Video Game Violence and Public Policy. Retrieved
from http://culturalpolicy.uchicago.edu/papers/2001-video-
games/walsh.html
44. BIBILIOGRAPHY FOR IMAGES
Yadvichuk, T. (2012). KitKat: have a break from social media.
Retrieved from http://www.searchcowboys.com/socialmedia/1881
45. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Austin, H. (2013). BLOG: How social media can positively impact educational
processes. Retrieved from http://www.milliganstampede.com/2013/04/19/blog-
how-social-media-can-positively-impact-educational-processes/
The author talks about how teachers can use media in the classroom by creating
online, virtual classrooms with the use of video. Online classrooms are
especially beneficial to students who find it difficult to pay attention in the
classrooms with all of the distractions.
Chamberlain, J. (2011). Facebook: friend or foe? American Psychological
Association. 42(9). 66. retrieved from
http://www.apa.org/monitor/2011/10/facebook.aspx
This article is about kids getting negatively affected by overusing different
social media outlets. The author also talks about parenting styles and rules
instructed of when to use Social Media for their children to control the usage
and not over use it.
46. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Clinton,C.& Steyer, J.P. (2012). Is the internet hurting children? Retrieved from
http://www.cnn.com/2012/05/21/opinion/clinton-steyer-internet-kids
James P Steyer is the CEO and Chelsea Clinton is a board member of Common
Sense Media, a nonprofit advocacy organization focused on media. They state
that the explosive growth of social media, smartphones and digital devices is
transforming our kids' lives, in school and at home with various statistical data.
“From PC’s in school to online schooling”. In this video Athena Jones reports
on the going trend of online education and its impact on students.
Cohen, H. (2011). 30 Social media definitions. Retrieved from
http://heidicohen.com/social-media-definition/
According to the author, as social media continues to evolve and its uses change
and expand, so does the definition of social media. Cohen surveyed active
participants of social media and got a wide range of responses. Based upon this
survey the author has come up with 30 definitions of social media.
47. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Common sense media. (2012). Social media, social life: how teens view their
digital lives . Retrieved from
http://www.commonsensemedia.org/research/social-media-social-life/key-
finding-2%3A-teens-more-likely-to-report-positive-impact--
This article emphasizes the impact of Social media on the emotional well being
of teens. Some of the key points in the article are about teens and how they
don't think their use of social media affects their social and emotional well-
being one way or the other. With conducting a variety of surveys it represents
the belief that teens believe that there is more of a positive impact of social
media use on their emotional well-being than a negative one.
48. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Donohue, C. (2012). Intentional and appropriate use of technology tools and
interactive media: The NAEYC and The Fred Rogers Center Position
Statement. Retrieved from http://www.eetcconference.org/wp-
content/uploads/Use_of_Tech_Tools_and_Interactive_Media.pdf
This article by Donohue stresses that technology and interactive media are tools
that can promote effective learning and development but only when they are
used intentionally and appropriately to suit the learning needs of individual
children. This is only possible when educators have the required information
and resources regarding the nature of these tools and the implications of their
use with children.
49. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Fraser, M & Dutta, S. (2008). Throwing Sheep in the Boardroom: How Online
Social Networking Will Transform Your Life, Work and World. Retrieved
from http://library.books24x7.com.library.sheridanc.on.ca/assetviewer.aspx?boo
kid=29493&chunkid=472561837&rowid=420
This book illustrates the concept of social media and how online social
networking will transform your life, work and world
Fredman, J. (2013). Definition of noninteractive multimedia. Retrieved from
http://www.ehow.com/info_12211830_definition-noninteractive-
multimedia.html
According to the author, noninteractive media are those in which the content
cannot be altered or modified like songs, movies and photographs.
50. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Gordon, S. (2011). Social media has good and bad effects on kids: Experts.
Retrieved from http://health.usnews.com/health-news/family-health/childrens-
health/articles/2011/03/28/social-media-has-good-and-bad-effects-on-kids-
experts
This article is about the ups and downs of Social media usage amongst Youth
and the advantages and disadvantages in their personal and school life. The
article is about Social media and how it allows the Youth to connect with their
peers and have a personal space of their own. It talks about the Parent’s role
and how they should stay interactive and connected with their children so that
they can monitor their Social Media activities. It continues to discuss severe
side effects of Social Media including Cyber bullying and “Face book
Depression”.
INVESTOPEDIA. (2013). Interactive media. Retrieved from
http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/interactive-media.asp
This website defines and explains the meaning of interactive media.
51. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Luskin, B. (2012). The media psychology effect. Retrieved from
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-media-psychology-
effect/201203/brain-behavior-and-media
The author of this article Bernard Luskin is member of the Board of the Media
Psychology Division of the American Psychological Association. In this article
he illustrates the effect of media on brain, behaviour and psychology using MRI
studies. He also tells about the positive and negative effects of media.
National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) & Fred
Rogers Center for Early Learning and Children’s Media. (2012). Technology
and interactive media as tools in early childhood programs serving children
from birth through age 8. Retrieved from
http://www.naeyc.org/files/naeyc/file/positions/PS_technology_WEB2.pdf
This article by NAEYC and Fred Roger Center reflects the ever changing
digital age and provides guidance for early childhood educators about the use of
technology and interactive media. With guidance the various technology tools
can be harnessed for learning and development. Without guidance their use can
be inappropriate and interfere with learning and development.
52. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Paediatr Child Health. (2003). Impact of media use on child and youth. Paedriatic and Child
Health, 8 (5), 301-306. Retrieved from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2792691/
This article explores the beneficial and harmful effects of media on children’s physical
and mental health. It also identifies how physicians can guide the families to promote the
healthy use of media. The recommendations section of this journal article highlights very
clearly that parents need to monitor and supervise the children when they are using the
media.
Pilieci, V. (2012). “Is social media harming our mental health, researchers wonder?”
Retrieved from http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/03/25/is-social-media-harming-our-
mental-health-researchers-wonder/
This article discusses the mental health state of children who are influenced by Social
Media outlets. The youth are using Social Media as a platform for socializing, social
updates, educational purposes, connecting with peers and gaining popularity amongst
peers. The researchers believe Social media can be healthy until it takes control of our
lives.
53. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Pitman,S.(2008).The impact of media technologies on child development and
wellbeing. Retrieved from
http://www.ozchild.org.au/userfiles/docs/ozchild/research-
papers/ImpactOfElectronicMedia.pdf
In this article Susan Pitman, Senior research officer Oz child, relates the
different ways media can impact the growth and development of children as
well as its potential benefits and harmful effects.
Schurgin, G., & Clarke-Pearson, K. (2011). The impact of social media on
children,adolescents, and families. Pediatrics, 127 (4), 800-804. Retrieved
from http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/127/4/800.full
The pediatrics in this journal article stress that it is important for parents to
become aware of the nature of the social media sites as all of them are not
healthy environments for children. Some parents often lack a basic
understanding that kids’ online lives are an extension of their offline lives. The
article also throws light on the benefits and risks faced by children using social
media.
54. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Weiner, A. (2009). Effects of social media on children. Is social media affecting
our….Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kb4ZS_t4hzQ
In this video Dr. Weiner explores the effects of social media on our children.
She also discusses the various pros and cons of social media and the extent to
which children have become dependent upon them in their everyday lives. It is
a really helpful video for the parents