Sociological Perspectives
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The Four Main Theotetic Perspectives
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Sociological Perspectives
- 1. Sociological Perspectives Chapter 1 Continued
- 2. What informs our sense of what is true? 1. Values and Norms 2. Journalism 3. Personal Experience 4. Fiction
- 3. Mostly we don’t think about it and we are not always sure of the source of our information
- 4. Sociologists have created theoretical frameworks to explain social phenomenon We will examine
- 5. Structural Functionalism Talcott Parsons Emile Durkheim • Social institutions play a key role in keeping society alive and stable. • Institutions train individuals into their social roles • Educational institutions train people for their future statuses or jobs they will fill • The family is in charge of socializing new members of society. • Religion helps reaffirm values and morals to maintain social ties.
- 6. According to functionalists…. Even dysfunction and deviance has a purpose. • Question: How could the drug trade, prostitution, war, cat-fishing be somehow functional to society?
- 7. The Conflict Perspective Karl Marx Feminist Theorists • Dominant classes subordinate the lower classes • The structure of society is a source of inequality • The focus is on how institutions promote division and inequality • Conflict is the basic , animating force for social change and society in general. Are the opportunities/consequences the same for all?
- 8. Symbolic Interaction Blumer Goffman • Unlike functionalism and conflict which are macro approaches to structures in society, SI examines the micro-level, day to day interaction with people. • Takes place within a world of symbolic communication. • The symbols we use, language, gestures, posture are influences by the larger group or society. • Society emerges from countless interpersonal communications that individuals have. • When you play the role as the student and I as the professor, we reinforce the larger institution of the University.
- 10. Date 5 September 2009 Source Own work Author Rcragun
Editor's Notes
- A good example of this is when people try on clothes before going out with friends. Some people may not think much about how others will think about their clothing choices, but others can spend quite a bit of time considering what they are going to wear. And while they are deciding, the dialogue that is taking place inside their mind is usually a dialogue between their "self" (that portion of their identity that calls itself "I") and that person's internalized understanding of their friends and society (a "generalized other"). An indicator of mature socialization is when an individual quite accurately predicts how other people think about him/her. Such an individual has incorporated the "social" into the "self."