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Protein Synthesis

By: Morgan VanLeer
TAC TCTGGCATCACT
ATGAGACCGTAGTGA
Cell

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
ATGAGACCGTAGTGA

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

RNA
polymerase

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
ATGAGACCGTAGTGA

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
RNA
polymerase

ATGAGACCGTAGTGA
Promoter Region

Coding Region

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
RNA
polymerase

ATGAGACCGTAGTGA
Promoter Region

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
RNA
polymerase

ATGAGACCGTAGTGA

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

A
U
G
TAC TCTGGCATCACT
RNA
polymerase

ATGAGACCGTAGTGA

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

A
U
G

A G
A

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
RNA
polymerase

ATGAGACCGTAGTGA

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

A
U
G
AG

AC
C

G

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
RNA
polymerase

ATGAGACCGTAGTGA

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

A
U
G
A

G AC C G
UA

G

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
RNA
polymerase

ATGAGACCGTAGTGA

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

AU
G
A
GA

C CGU A

GU
GA

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
RNA
polymerase

ATGAGACCGTAGTGA

Nucleus
Cytoplasm

AU
G
A
GA

C CGU A

GU
GA

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
RNA
polymerase

ATGAGACCGTAGTGA

Termination sequence
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

AU
G
A
GA

C CGU A

GU
GA

TAC TCTGGCATCACT
ATGAGACCGTAGTGA

Nucleus
Nuclear pore
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes

Cytoplasm

Nucleus
Ribosomes

Cytoplasm

Nucleus
Ribosomes

Cytoplasm

Nucleus
AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
Large subunit

Ribosome
Codons

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
Small subunit
Amino Acid
tRNA

U

A

C

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA

Anti-codon
Start codon: Methionine

U

A

C

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
Start codon
U

A

C

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
U C U

U

A

C

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
U

A

C U C U

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
U

A

C
U C U

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
U

A

C
U C U

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
Peptide bond

U C U

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
U C U G

G

C

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
G

G

C

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
G

G

CA

U

C

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
A

U

C

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
Note: the stop codon does not
make an amino acid.

A

U

C A

C

U

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA

Stop codon
Peptide chain
Note: the stop codon does not
make an amino acid.

A

C

U

AUGAGACCGUAGUGA

Stop codon
AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
AUGAGACCGUAGUGA
Summary
• The first thing that happens is RNA polymerase synthesizes the RNA
nucleotides. While this is happening, the mRNA is attached to the RNA
polymerase and making another strand behind it. The mRNA then goes
out the nuclear pore and went to the ribosome. In the ribosome the
mRNA strand attracts the tRNA. That contains the amino acid and
anticodon. This start codon is known as Methionine. When the second
tRNA came, the first one goes away and the amino acid hooks on to the
other one by a peptide bond. That happens for each one. Then it comes to
the start codon, which does not an amino acid. When it is all over it is left
with a peptide chain. the peptide chain is folded up and the final protein
in its tertiary structure is formed. In conclusion, this is protein synthesis.

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