This document provides an overview of creating a C# Windows Forms application in Visual Studio. It discusses the two main files - Program.cs and Form1.cs - used to create the application and form. It describes using the toolbar and properties window to design the GUI. Various controls like buttons, textboxes and labels are demonstrated. Handling events like button clicks to add interactivity is covered. Finally, it provides examples of solving common programming problems using the Windows Forms environment.

1. Chapter 3 C# Windows Forms

2. Your first C# Windows Form

3. IDE: Code Editor and Property Window Code Editor Missing: how to get it back? Property Window Missing: how to get it back?

4. Your first C# Windows Form Program.cs Form1.cs

5. Program.cs Window Applications allow multi-threading Single Threaded Apartment [STAThread] Multi Thread Apartment [MTAThread] [STAThread] // Attribute for Main() method static void Main() Application.Run(new Form1()); // Begins running a standard // application on the current // thread

6. Threaded Application

7. IDE: Form1.cs Form1.cs: code, design and design code Logic codes Form Designer Designer codes

8. IDE: Form1.cs Contain the logic you put in How to view this panel? In solution explorer: Double-click Form1.cs Menu: View > code OR click on [view code icon]

9. IDE: Form1.cs Contain the code representing the form design Normally, do NOT modify How to view this panel? In solution explorer: Double-click on Form1.Designer.cs

10. IDE: Form1.cs Contain the form design How to view this panel? In solution explorer: Double-click Form1.cs

11. Toolbar How to find this window? Menu: View > Toolbar If AutoHide is set Then Toolbar is usually hide on the left Just hover your mouse over the hidden Tooblar and reset AutoHide

12. Toolbar Toolbar window is Context sensitive It will show the controls ONLY in the Design View: Eg Form1.cs [Design]

14. Common ControlsAnd others Use All Windows Forms to search for unknown Use Common Controls for normal usage

15. Properties Window How to view Properties Window? Menu: View > Properties Window The properties Window usually on the Bottom Right side

16. Properties Window Name of Control Sort by category Sort from A to Z Properties Event Property page: available when solution or project is selected

17. Properties Window Properties Try changing the Text property from “Form1” to “First WinForm App” Click on Form1 and type over

18. Properties Window Events Shows all the events available for this control Try add logic for Form1 Load event by double-clicking on “Load”

19. Properties Window Add the following codes into the Form1 Load event: Build and run the application

20. Adding Common Controls Three types of Common Control Display : Eg Label Input : Eg Textbox, Button Output: Eg Label

21. Button with its Click Event In Form1.cs [Design] view From the Toolbar, drag a button onto the form OR double-click on button Drag the button to the centre of the form

22. Button with its Click Event Go to Button Click event code: Double-click on OR Select button1, Click on Icon, then double-clicking on Click event

23. Button with its Click Event Add the following codes into the button1 Click event: Build and run the application, then click on the button

24. Exercise 3.1 Make use of Button control, its Click event and output to Message Box For those with textbook: page 28 - 51 For those without textbook http://alturl.com/uiak Your First C# Windows Form Adding Controls to a Blank C# Form Properties of a C# Control Adding C# Code to a Button

25. Next Lesson More controls and problem solving exercises

26. Recap A new Windows Forms Application has 2 *.cs files ?.cs ?.cs What are these two files?

27. Recap Program.cs Different from Console Program: threaded and use Application.Run() method to start a new Form Form1.cs Consists of 3 parts What does each part consist of?

28. Recap Form1 consisting of 3 views: What does each use for: Form1.cs? Form1.cs [Design]? Form1.Designer.cs?

29. Recap Windows application with at least one form A form may contain Button TextBox Label … Etc Event driven/activated : program responses to Button Click Mouse Move Keypress

30. Recap Exercise 3.1: Button with click event that output a message

31. Code Behind Microsoft invented “Code Behind” using Partial Class – allows a class to be split into more than 1 file Prior to “Code Behind”- code for logic and design were placed in the same Class file: “Inline”. “Code Behind” allows logic and design code to be separated Partial class Form1 { : } Partial class Form1 { : }

32. Where to output? For Console Program: using Console.Write() or Console.WriteLine – may still use it for debugging => Output window Two ways to output for Winform Apps Pop up a message box with the output Display the output on controls like label, textbox

33. How to input? Get inputs from various controls TextBox: Text property (Eg textBox1.Text) CheckBox: Checked property (Eg checkBox1.Checked) ListBox: SelectedIndex property

34. Naming Convention for WinForm Underscore is used only with events: eg Form1_Load, button1_Click Do NOT use hungarian (lblName, btnProcess), but some programmers do use hungarian for GUI controls: Eg a submit button might be btnSubmit, a name label might be lblName – the textbook uses hungarian for GUI controls Alternatively, spell in full: EgbuttonSubmit, labelName (need not know what prefix for which control)

35. Exercise 3.2 Create the following GUI for Exercise32 Set the TabIndex property from top to bottom and from left to right

36. Containers Controls with Alignments Drag and drop a Container > TabControl to the form Move the tabcontrol to align with the top and left side of form Resize the tabcontrol to align with the bottom and right side of form Set the Anchor property to “Top, Bottom, Left, right”

37. Containers Controls with Alignments

38. tabControlvstabPage

39. Exercise 3.3 Create the GUI for Exercise33: Multiline textbox

40. Exercise 3.4 Create the following GUI for exercise34 ReadOnly Multiline textbox

41. Where to go from here? MSDN> Windows Forms Programming > Controls to Use on Windows Forms > By Function URL: http://alturl.com/u63m

42. MSDN: Controls to Use on Windows Forms > By Function

43. MSDN: Controls to Use on Windows Forms > By Function

44. MSDN: Controls to Use on Windows Forms > By Function

45. MSDN: Controls to Use on Windows Forms > By Function

46. An Example: Web Browser Example: Remarks The WebBrowser control lets you host Web pages and other browser-enabled documents in your Windows Forms applications. You can use the WebBrowser control, for example, to provide integrated HTML-based user assistance or Web browsing capabilities in your application. Additionally, you can use the WebBrowser control to add your existing Web-based controls to your Windows Forms client applications.

47. An Example: Web Browser Example The following code example demonstrates how to implement an address bar for use with the WebBrowser control. This example requires that you have a form that contains a WebBrowser control called webBrowser1, a TextBox control called TextBoxAddress, and a Button control called ButtonGo. When you type a URL into the text box and press ENTER or click the Go button, the WebBrowser control navigates to the URL specified. When you navigate by clicking a hyperlink, the text box automatically updates to display the current URL.

48. An Example: Web Browser Create the GUI Program the code (code behind)

49. Summary Code Behind using Partial Class How to use the Form Designer How to find information on Controls using MSDN Next Lesson: problem solving Next week: variables and conditional logic

50. Recap Code Behind using Partial Class How to use the Form Designer How to find information on Controls using MSDN

51. Problem Solving Next part of the lesson focus on problem solving with the same set of questions from the console program

52. Problem solving Recall: Console Program for Exercise 2.1 Your Input: 3 Output: 3 3 3 3 3 How do we do for WinForm App?

53. Guided Handson: Exercise 3.5 Name: Form1 Text: Exercise 3.5 Name: textBoxInput Text: blank TabIndex: 0 Name: textBoxOutput MultiLine: True ReadOnly: True TabIndex: 9 Name: buttonProcess Text: Process TabIndex: 1

54. Guided Handson: Exercise 3.5 Double click on [Process] button and add code to buttonProcess_Click event: string input; // Declare 2 string var string output; input = textBoxInput.Text; // Get input string // Set output string output = input + “ “ + input + “ “ + input + “ “ + input + “ “ + input ; textBoxOutput.Text = output; // Set onto screen

55. Guided Handson: Exercise 3.5 Output:

56. Exercise 3.6 Write a program that asks the user to type the width and the length of a rectangle and then outputs to the screen the area and the perimeter of that rectangle. Hint: 1) Assume that the width and length are integers 2) Convert from string to integer: use int.Parse( … ) 3) Convert from integer to string: use .ToString() => Next page for screen output

57. Exercise 3.6 Output:

58. Exercise 3.7 Write a program that asks the user to type 2 integers n1 and n2 and exchange the value of n1 and n2 if n1 is greater than n2. Hint:1) To swop 2 variable, you need another variable (n3) to store one of the value 2) Eg if (n1 > n2) { n3 = n2; n2 = n1; n1 = n3; } “then” processing

59. Exercise 3.7 Output:

60. Exercise 3.8 Prompt user to key in 3 integers. Sort the integers in ascending order. Print the 3 integers as you sort. Prompt user to key in 3 integers. Sort the integers in ascending order. Print the 3 integers as you sort. Input1: 2 Input2: 1 Input3: 0 210 120 102 012 if (n1 > n2) { … } if (n2 > n3) { … } if (n1 > n2) { … } Use this to append output: output = output + n1 + " " + n2 + " " + n3 + “";

61. Exercise 3.8 Output:

62. Exercise 3.9 Using the information from MSDN: GUI and codes, design a simple but interesting application. After you have completed, screen capture the application and paste into a word document. In the reference section, list the resources you have used. MSDN> Windows Forms Programming > Controls to Use on Windows Forms > By Function URL: http://alturl.com/u63m

63. Summary WinForm App Form1.cs and Program.cs (main() is threaded and use Application.Run to start FORM1) GUI design using Toolbar Controls Event activation – eg Button Click Problem solving – same as what we did in console program