1. The Panama Canal
Expansion Program
José Barrios Ng
Deputy Administrator
Panama Canal Authority
April 2010

2. Program Components 15.8 M m3
$5.25 billion investment
Atlantic Ocean
Post-Panamax Locks - Increasing Gatun Lake’s
Atlantic Side Maximum Operational Level Deepening and
Widening of the
Atlantic Entrance
Post-Panamax
Locks – Pacific Side
26.7 m 27.1 m
Deepening and Widening of
Gatun Lake’s and Gaillard Cut’s
Navigational Channels
8.7 M m3
Access Channel to Post-Panamax Locks - Pacific Side
Deepening and
Widening of the
49 M m3 Pacific Entrance
Pacific Ocean

3. Locks and vessels sizes
Existing locks' maximum vessel size: 4,400 TEU
33.5 m (110’)
32.3 m (106’)
12.4 m
(39.5’) 55 m (180’)
12.8 m (42’)
49 m (160’)
18.3 m (60’)
15.2 m
(50’)
New locks' maximum vessel size: 12,600 TEU

4. Pacific Access Channel - Phase 1
Programmed 100%
Actual 100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Contract Scope: 7.4 Mm3, cleaning 146 hectares of
MEC and relocation of a 3.6 km stretch of Borinquen
Excavated 7.3 M m3 road
July 15, 2009 Awarded: 17 July, 2007
136 m Amount Awarded: B/.41,094,000.00
Amount Paid: B/. 40,431,196.00
46 m
• Contractor passed final inspection –
project is completed
Original
• Administrative closure in process
Original 2009
July 15, MEC 1
146 Has
cleaned
Borinquen
Road
4

5. Pacific Access Channel - Phase 2 Programmed 99.9%
Actual 99.6%
7.4 M m3 excavated 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Excavation COMPLETED
Contract scope : 7.5 Mm3 - excavation,
relocation of a 1.3 Km. stretch of Borinquen
road, diversion of a 3.5 Km. stretch of Cocoli
River.
Contract Awarded to the consortium Cilsa-
Minera María for B/. 25,489,200.30.
Award date: November 27, 2007.
•Contractor passed final inspection –
project is completed
•Administrative closure in process
Carretera
Borinquen
Río Cocolí
PAC - 2
5

6. Projects Under Execution Awarded: 16-DEC-2008
Company: Constructora MECO, S.A.
Pacific Access Channel - Phase 3 Excavation: 8.0M m3
Cleaning remaining 190 has in T6 area
Programmed 51%
Actual 63% 4.47 M m3 excavated
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
190 hectares cleared
PAC 3
MEC
190 Ha
140 140
ELEVATION
110 110
80 PAC-1 80
50 50
PAC-2 PAC 3
20
PAC-4 20
9 9
6+480 6+160 5+840 5+520 5+200 4+880 4+560 4+240 3+920 3+600 3+280 2+960 2+640 2+320 2+000 1+680 1+360 1+040

7. Pacific Access Channel – Phase 4
26 M m3 of dry excavation
• Bid announcement: July 31, 2009
• Proposals receipt: 22-DEC-09
• Awarded: 6-JAN-10
Programmed 9% • Awarded to: FCC-ICA-MECO Consortium
Actual 9% • Order to proceed: 22-JAN-10
• Expected works startup date: 27-APR-10
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
• Estimated completion date: 2-AUG-13 (1,288 days)
PAC 3
PAC 4
PAC 2
PAC 1
Borinquen Dam
140 140
ELEVATION
110 110
80 PAC-1 80
50 50
PAC-2 PAC 3
20
PAC-4 20
9 9
6+480 6+160 5+840 5+520 5+200 4+880 4+560 4+240 3+920 3+600 3+280 2+960 2+640 2+320 2+000 1+680 1+360 1+040

8. Borinquen Dam
Pacific Access Channel
Rocks
Miraflores Lake
Clay core

9. Projects Under Execution
Dredging areas in Gatun Lake and Gaillard Cut
Programmed 28%
Gatun Lake Actual 27%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
6.8 M m3 dredged
Barro Colorado
Gamboa

10. Projects Under Execution
Gatun Lake’s critical dredging areas
New prism line
once the island is
removed

11. Projects Under Execution
Pacific Entrance Deepening and Widening (8.7 M m3)
4.88 M m3 dredged
Programmed contractual 47%
Actual 52%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Awarded: April 1, 2008
Company: Dredging International
Amount: B/. 177,500,676.78
Dredged volume: 8.7 M m3

12. Atlantic Side Dredging

13. Atlantic Entrance Dredging

14. Reforestation Projects Under Execution
PAC-1/ Camino de Cruces National Park (Panama) 70%
PAC-2 /Campana National Park (Western Panama) 70%
PAC-3/ ANAM Center for Forestry Reearch (Chiriqui) 52%
PAC-3/ Gral. Omar Torrijos (Piedras Gordas – Cocle) 52%
PAC-2/ Parque Nal. Gral. Omar TorrijosNational Park (Bajo Grande/Ojo de 48%
Agua–Cocle)
Dreding of the Lake / Baru Volcano National Park (Chiriqui) 47%
PAC-3/ Chagres National Park (Panama-Quebrada Oscura) 52%
PAC-2 /Gral. Omar Torrijos National Park (La Rica/Caño Sucio–Cocle)
38% Rev. March-2010
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Chagres
Baru Campana 40 Ha
Volcano 30 Ha
30 Ha
Camino de Cruces
115 ha
Cenetr for Forestry
Research 50 Ha
Gral. Omar Torrijos
180 Ha

15. Locks Design and Construction
Programmed 2.78%
Actual 1.57%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

16. Analyzed components
Mathematical model
Basins intake
Intake
Trifurcation
Flow divider
Connection to Ports Central connection
secondary
culvert

17. Physical Model in Lyon, France

18. Pacific Locks

19. New Atlantic Locks

20. Bid Price Behaviour of Principal Expansion Program Projects
B/. 388M below Budget
BUDGET $ 302,374,000
Pacific Access Channel - 4
FCC-ICA-MECO $ 267,798,795.99 - 11%
BUDGET $ 105,821,000
Atlantic Entrance Dredging
JAN DE NUL, NV $ 89,617,317 - 15%
BUDGET $ 3,481,0000,000
Locks
GUPC $ 3,221,631,384 - 7%
BUDGET $ 68,067,623
Pacific Access Channel - 3
Constructora MECO, S.A. $ 36,659,852.28 - 46%
BUDGET $ 181,096,000
Pacific Entrance Dredging
Dredging International $ 177,500,676.78 - 2%
BUDGET $ 48,459,296
Pacific Access Channel - 2
CILSA - MINERA MARÍA $ 25,489,200.30 - 47%
BUDGET $ 61,208,966
Pacific Access Channel - 1
Constructora Urbana S.A. $ 41,094,000 - 33%
25% 50% 75% 100%

21. Summary Schedule of Main Projects with Baseline and Contingency
as of March 31, 2010*
% 06 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Activity Progress 4T 1T 2T 3T 4T 1T 2T 3T 4T 1T 2T 3T 4T 1T 2T 3T 4T 1T 2T 3T 4T 1T 2T 3T 4T 1T 2T 3T 4T 1T 2T 3T 4T
Specifications and Locks Models 100%
Locks
Design & Build Post-Panamax Locks 2%
Excavation Contract 1 100%
Access Channel
Excavation Contract 2 100%
Excavation Contract 3 63%
Excavation Contract 4 and Dams 9%
Dredging of the Pacific Entrance 52%
Dredging
Deepening and Widening of Gatun Lake and
27%
Deepening of Gaillard Cut
Dredging of the Atlantic Entrance 5%
Increase Operating Level of Gatún Lake <1%
Expanded Canal Begins Operations
Specifications and Design Bidding and Contracting Execution Contingency Beginning of operations
Baseline* Baseline Baseline against baseline
* Baseline from December 31, 2006 including contingency.

22. Some business opportunities linked to
the Canal Expansion
Aggregates Heavy equipment B/.400M
Sand B/.13M
Rock B/.19M
Cement
B/.95M Forms
B/.68M
Goods and
Concrete services required
B/.700M for the Expansion
Project
Diesel
B/.176M
Steel
B/.300M
Excavation
B/.420M

23. Potential Impact of the
Panama Canal Expansion

24. WORLD MAIN LOGISTICS HUBS
ROTTERDAM
NY/NJ HAMBURG
SHANGHAI BUSAN HAMPTON
LA/LB RDS.
SHENZHEN SAVANNAH ALGECIRAS
FREEPORT
HONG KONG KINGSTON DUBAI
PANAMÁ
SINGAPORE
Panama is the main logistical, transportation and transshipment
hub of the Americas.

25. U.S. East and Gulf Coast Ports

26. Port Authorities Expansion Projects
Location Project Estimated
Completion
Georgia Ports Authority Deepening of the Savannah River Channel 2014
from 42’ to 48’.
Port of Miami Deepening draft from 42’ to 50’ and the 2014
construction of Port of Miami Tunnel
Project to expedite delivery of goods.
Philadelphia Regional Dredging the main shipping channel of the Within 5 – 7
Port Authority Delaware River from 40’ to 45’. years
Port Authority of New Harbor deepening project to 50’; $10 Harbor
York & New Jersey million approved to analyze alternatives for deepening to be
Bayonne Bridge (height: 151’). completed in
phases from
2010 to 2014.
Port of Houston The Bayport Container & Cruise Terminal All phases
Authority project (Phase 1 is completed); future completed in
capacity of 2.3M TEU. 15-20 years
Broward County’s Port Inauguration of Cruise Terminal 18 for Nov. 2009
Everglades Department megaships.
Source: MERC with information provided by port Authorities, January 2010.

27. Port Authorities Expansion Projects
Location Project Estimated
Completion
Port of Palm Beach Development of logistics center for
storage and distribution of cargo to the
South Florida region.
Jacksonville Port Development of container terminals by 2011 - 2012
Authority MOL (already in use) and Hanjin with total
additional capacity of 1.5M TEU
Maryland Port Construction of the new 50-foot berth at 2012
Administration Baltimore’s Seagirt Marine Terminal.
Manatee County Port The 788 acre Logistics Port Manatee (LPM) 2011
Authority multimodal logistic park (Port Manatee’s
first container terminal); directly served by
CSX railroad.
Source: MERC with information provided by port Authorities, January 2010.

28. PORT OF SAVANNAH:
DC Activity Translates into Long-Term Carrier Options
 Largest concentration of Retail Import DC’s along the East Coast
 20+ DC’s within 100 miles (161 km), including Walmart, Kmart, Lowes,
The Home Depot, IKEA, Dollar Tree, Pier 1, and Target to name a few
 Over 200 additional Georgia DC’s from wholesale suppliers to
retailers within a 5-hour drive with names like Toys “R” Us
Bass Pro Shop and Academy Sports.
Atlantic Ocean Downtown Savannah
 Available land and building
within 5 miles (8 km) of A
Garden City Terminal
the port. C B D
E
F
G H
A Electrolux G Heineken I
B Target H The Home Depot J
C IKEA II Lowes K
D Whirlpool J
J Dollar Tree
E Icon H&F K Pier 1 Imports
F
F Wal-Mart

29. GEORGIA IMPORTERS:
20+ Savannah-area Import DCs, 200+ more within 5 Hours
Savannah-area Import DC’s
Sq. Ft. Sq. M.
Academy Sports 1,000,000 92,903
Advance Auto Parts 380,000 35,303
Bass Pro Shops 600,000 55,742
Best Buy 748,000 69,491
Citi Trends Fashion 155,000 14,400
Dollar Tree 800,000 74,322
Farmer’s Furniture 250,000 23,226
Fred’s 600,000 55,742
Hugo Boss 165,000 15,329
Icon H & F 600,000 55,742
IKEA 1,700,000 157,935
Kmart-Sears 2,200,000 204,387
Kohl’s 600,000 55,742
Lowe’s 1,250,000 116,129
Midwest Air Technologies 150,000 13,935
Noritake 105,000 9,754
Oneida 500,000 46,452
Paper Tigers 115,000 10,684
Pier 1 Imports 783,000 72,743
Target 2,100,000 195,096
Note: This list is not intended to be
The Home Depot 1,400,000 130,064
definitive of Georgia’s extensive list of port
Tire Rack 250,000 23,226
dependent DCs.
Wal-Mart (2) 3,300,000 306,580

30. Importance of the Savannah Harbor
deepening project
• Designed to deepen the Savannah River from 42 to 48
feet.
• To be completed in 2014, in time with Canal expansion
• Post Panamax vessels transiting the expanded Canal will
be able make calls at the Port of Savannah.
• 72 percent of total trade moving through Georgia’s ports
transits the Panama Canal.
• Out of the 30 liner services that transit the Panama
Canal, 15 call at the Port of Savannah.
• ACP expects rapid deployment of 8,000 TEUs vessels
once the Canal expansion is completed.

31. GPA-ACP Strategic Alliance
• Initially subscribed in 2003 to generate new business by promoting
the all-water route from Asia to the USEC via the Panama Canal.
• Renewed in 2008 for three additional years
• Allows for joint marketing activities; exchange of market studies and
information on modernization and improvement programs;
technological interchange and cross training activities.

32. Governor Purdue/GPA visit to Panama Canal – Sept 09

33. International Ports Connected through the Panama
Canal every Week
Rotterdam
Bremerhaven
Tilbury
Felixstowe
Osaka Hamburg
Nagoya Thamesport Dunkerque
Halifax
Shanghai Seattle Zeebrugge
Kwangyang NJ/NY Boston
Qingdao Wilmington Le Havre
Pusan Tokyo Newport News Antwerp
Keelung Shimizu Oakland Charleston Baltimore Port Said
Yantian Yokohama Los Angeles . Miami Savannah
Hong Kong Kobe Long Beach New Orleans Everglades Marseilles
Colombo Colon
Hakata Manzanillo (Mx) VeracruzKingston Manzanillo
Chabang La Spezia
Kaohsiung Cartagena
Puerto Limón Maracaibo
Balboa La Guaira
Tanjung Priok Guanta
Buenaventura Puerto Cabello
Doniambo Manta
Singapore Guayaquil
Callao
Arica Santos
Tahiti Paranagua
Iquique
Brisbane Coquimbo Itajai
Sydney Antofagasta
Valparaíso
San Antonio
Auckland San Vicente Transit the Canal
Melbourne
Feeder services
Source: ACP and ComPairData, 2007

34. Routes, ports and betweenness centralities in the GCSN
Routes, ports and betweenness centralities in the GCSN. (a) The trajectories of all cargo ships bigger than 10 000 GT
during 2007. The colour scale indicates the number of journeys along each route. Ships are assumed to travel along
the shortest (geodesic) paths on water. (b) A map of the 50 ports of highest betweenness centrality and a ranked list of
the 20 most central ports.
Kaluza P et al. J. R. Soc. Interface
doi:10.1098/rsif.2009.0495
©2010 by The Royal Society