Eco-city is relatively recent concept. Many cities are interested to know how to go about . This presentation provides the process that was followed in the cities of Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad in State of Maharashtra, India for building an Action Plan. Unfortunately, the plan got only partially implemented due to paucity of funds. The model could set however an example for other cities to follow.

1. Eco-City Action PlanEco-City Action Plan
forfor
Sangli-Miraj-KupwadSangli-Miraj-Kupwad
in India –in India –
Demonstrating Involvement ofDemonstrating Involvement of
Government- Business andGovernment- Business and
CommunityCommunity
Environmental Management Centre,
Mumbai, India
April 28, 2013

2. Background: Eco-City in India
2
 The first discussions on Eco-City started
by Ministry of Environment & Forest
(MoEF) in May 2000
 As a part of the 10th
Plan activities, Eco-
City Program was initiated in the year
2002
 Several Eco-City program launched – in
six small & medium sized towns
 The Eco-City program were however
not effective with little or no
implementation of projects in place.
INDIA

3. Reasons for Failure
3
Narrow emphasis on projects and
no emphasis on the process
Absence of linkages with programs,
plans and policies
Poor community engagement
Lack of strategic approach towards
building capacities and partnerships
( especially PPPs)
Absence of political will

4. Sangli- Miraj-Kupwad (SMK)
 Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad
(SMK) represents a
typical medium sized
city agglomeration
 Population: 0.49
million (2011)
 SMK is in the banks of
the Krishna River
 Sugar belt of
Maharashtra, India
4
Krishna RiverSMK
INDIA
MAHARASHTRA

5. Glimpses of SMK
5
Krishna river ghat Heritage School building
Dump site in Miraj Traffic junction
Water supply
Artisan in Miraj

6. Key Enabling Factors for Eco-City SMK
Political will & support
Commitment of City Administration
Support from Maharashtra State
Pollution Control Board
Interest from local community
6

7. Eco-City Action Planning Process
7
Launch of Eco-city
website
Launch of Eco-city
website
Data Collection &
Analysis
Data Collection &
Analysis
Launch Workshop
(Public meeting)
Formation of Core
Committee
Identification of Issues
& Opportunities
Identification of Issues
& Opportunities
Design & implementation
of awareness campaign
Design & implementation
of awareness campaign
Preparation of Eco-
city Charter
Preparation of Eco-
city Charter
Preparation of Draft
Action Plan
Preparation of Draft
Action Plan
Core Committee
Meeting
Final Workshop
(Public meeting)Approval in General
Body meeting
Final Eco-City Action
Plan
Final Eco-City Action
Plan
Stakeholder
Consultation
Workshop
PHASEI
Inputs
Disclosure
Mobilization of
financial resources
Mobilization of
financial resources

8. Action Plan Implementation Process
8
Final Eco-City Action
Plan
Final Eco-City Action
Plan
PHASEIIPHASEI
Formation of SMK Eco-
City Pvt. Ltd (SEPL)
Implementation of
Eco-City Action Plan
Implementation of
Eco-City Action Plan
Implementation of
Awareness Campaigns
Implementation of
Awareness Campaigns
Monitoring of Eco-
City Action Plan
Monitoring of Eco-
City Action Plan
Review & Adaptation
of Action plan
Review & Adaptation
of Action plan

9. Overall Approach
9

10. Multi-Stakeholder Engagement: Snapshot
10
Awareness
workshop
Launch
workshop
Drawing and
slogan
competition
Launch of
website
Awareness
lectures in
colleges
Promotion of
website through
stickers
Workshop on
Eco-city
Workshop on
Eco-city
Public
Meeting
Extensive Field
Visits

11. Community Engagement
11
Community is informed about Eco-City Action
Planning process, objectives and expected
outcomes
Individuals, community
representatives participate in
identifying issues and opportunities
Key stakeholders
involved in identifying
solutions / intervention
Decision
Making for
implementation
Community Participation & Stakeholder Involvement at
various stages of the Eco-city Action Plan

12. Focus Group Discussions
 Mapping exercise to identify and
locate issue areas
 Participants: Citizens, regulators,
businessmen, financiers, NGOs,
research & academia
 Result:
 Identification of locations of
concern
 Severity of identified issues
 Prioritizing issues
 Ongoing initiatives
 Possible opportunities
12

13. Mapping Exercise
13

14. Core Committee
 Core committee was formulated to
 Serve as a think tank for the Program
 Review and suggest
 Comprised of – elected members of SMKMC,
engineers, builders, architects, activists,
academia & other influential people in SMK
14
Core CommitteeCore Committee
EMCEMC
SMKMCSMKMC
Consult and implement
Review and Facilitate
Develop Action Plan
Interact with Citizens, NGOs,
Professional Bodies, Academic
and Research Institutes
Interact with Citizens, NGOs,
Professional Bodies, Academic
and Research Institutes
Interact with State and Central
Bodies, International
Organizations
Interact with State and Central
Bodies, International
Organizations

15. Citizen Awareness & Participation
 Awareness programs – lectures in schools
& colleges, drawing and slogan
competition, Stickers, launch of website,
media coverage etc.
 Public meetings
 At the time of launch
 After preparation of Draft Plan
 Recommendations were incorporated in
the relevant Action Plans. New actions
were also added, such as,
 Truck Terminal, Haripur Nallah
remediation, Participatory budget etc. 15

16. Media Coverage
16

17. Eco-City Website: Eco-Voices
 Launch of Eco-City website www.ecocitysmk.net
 Purpose: Awareness generation, Information dissemination, promote
the concept of Eco-City, share various outputs, stimulate networking
17
 Integrated tool on Google
Maps to allow citizens to
provide location-specific
comments
 Interactive features –
mapping, opinion polls &
discussion groups

18. Eco-City Website: Eco-Voices
18

19. Commitment to Eco-City
 The Charter for Eco-City Action Plan was developed which comprised
of - Vision Statement, Policy, Guiding Principles & Goals
19
Different Aspirations in Visioning
Vision Statement: The citizens of Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad (SMK) will work together
to help make their cities a clean, healthy and safe place. SMK as an emerging
Eco-City will grow by following the path of sustainable development where
decisions for development will need to be inclusive and integrate economic,
environmental and social considerations.

20. Commitment to Eco-City
 Pledge was taken by the officials as well as
public in the public meeting
“ We are committed to Clean and Green SMK Eco-
City and we will strive to achieve it”.
 Standing Committee approved the Eco-City
Action Plan in the General Body Meeting of
the Municipal Corporation on 7th
Oct 2010
 Standing committee’s decision:
“This meeting approves the SMK Eco-City Action
Plan and all its components.
The project should be implemented with
immediate effect without any delays”.
20

21. SMK Eco-City Report
21

22. Thematic Approach
22
Composite Actions
1. Environmental Awareness Centre
2. Environmental Monitoring Plan
3. Green School Program
4. Advanced Locality Management
5. Ward level Score Card
6. GHG Inventorization
7. EMS ISO 14001
8. Participatory Budget

23. Framework for Action Evolution
23
Policy Plan Programs Projects
Situation
Analysis
Gap
Assessment
Benchmarks
Compliance
Requirements
Vision
Guiding
Principles
Institutional
Arrangements
Financial Resources
Community
Participation

24. Highlights of Actions
24
Distribution of Awareness programs to support each
theme
Distribution of Actions (4P) Perspective
Distribution of Actions under each theme

25. Illustrations for
Community driven Actions
25

26. Proposal for an Environmental Awareness and
Activity Centre
26
Benefits
 Demonstrate ‘green’ building design
and technology
 Initiate innovative outreach
programs for environmental
awareness
 Promote dialogue and interaction
between the different stakeholders
 Provide resources
 Provide expert advice on green
technology and environmental issues
Estimated Costs
US $ 0.7 million
The Operation cost will be covered by the
revenue generated within the Centre.

27. Development of Advanced Locality Management
(ALM)
27
Benefits
Increased sense of
responsibility and awareness
of civic issues (e.g. waste
segregation, composting,
cleanliness) among residents
Reduced burden on SMKMC
as ALM shares responsibility,
interacts closely with ward
officer to resolve issues
Example of ALM in Mumbai, Maharashtra
Neighborhood Initiative; Community Based Organization in the
form of Advanced Locality Management (ALM)
Supported by Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM)
Number of Households: 125

28. Green School Programme (GSP)
28
Benefits
Phase-wise implementation covers a
large audience
Multiplier effect as students and
successive generations carry learning
from GSP
Impact on larger society of parents,
teachers and institution staff
Repository of knowledge base and
resources for the neighborhood
Connect school curriculum,
teaching-learning methodologies and
overall management of the school
Estimated Costs
US $ 0.15 Million
GSP to cover 40 schools out of around 170 in the
SMK area. These should include English and
Marathi medium, Government aided and Private.

29. Features of
Awareness Plan
29
Jan Feb Mar
Apr May Jun
Jul Aug Sep
Oct Nov Dec
Inclusive of all themes and
stakeholders mentioned in
the Action Plan
Shift from ‘Environment
Education’ (EE) to
‘Education for Sustainable
Development’ (ESD)
Phase-wise planning for
incorporation of feedback
from stakeholders
Blended nature of activities
encompassing all awareness
techniques

30. Estimation of Cost of Various Actions
30
Theme
No
Actions Indicative Cost
( in US $)
Tech.
Assist
Capital
Cost
Total Cost
Water 1 Pilot Projects on Rooftop RWH 0.00 21,500 21,500
2 Comprehensive Hydro-Geological Study 41,700 0.00 41,700
3 Manual Preparation on RWH for SMK region 10,200 0.00 10,200
4 City level Initiatives for Storm Water
Management
0.00 0.00 0.00
5 Door-to-door Program on Leak Repairs and
Retrofits
0.00 11,150 11,150
Sewerage
and
Sanitation
6 Insitu Biological Treatment in Nallahs in SMKMC
(Sheri Nallah, Haripur Nallah and Malgaon
Odha)
4,500 1225,000 1229,500
7 Reduction of Load on Dhulgaon STP 0.00 3155,000 3155,000
8 Decentralized Waste Water Treatment and
Recycling at Ambarai
0.00 78,500 78,500

31. Total Cost of the Project
31
Sr.
No.
Activities/Heads Cost
(in US$ million)
1. Implementation of Proposed Actions (Plans,
Projects & Programs)
15.7
Technical Assistance Required in Planning Stage:
US$ 0.4 million
Capital Costs: US$15.3 million
2. Conducting Awareness Programs 0.05
3. Company Formation: SMK Eco City Pvt. Ltd. (SEPL) 0.01
4. Appointment of Project Management Consultant
(for 7 years)
1.15
Total cost 16.95

32. Distribution of Funding Requirements
32
Phase I Phase II Phase III
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Funds for Project
Implementation
Grants for Project
Planning and Programs
Years
3 Million 7 Million 5 Million
0.4 Million 0.3 Million 0.3 Million

33. Cost-Benefit Scenario
• Tangibles and Intangibles for each theme
• Tangibles –
 Revenue generated for the SMKMC
 Financial benefits for the people of SMK
33

34. Benefits Calculated: Solid Waste
34
Savings up to US$ 0.75 US million every year which
amounts to US$ 5.25million $ for 7 yrs.
Route
Optimization
COLLECTION &
TRANSPORT
EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT
Waste
Inventorization
Strengthening
collection and
transport
Collection Coverage will
increase from 63.3%
(existing) to 100% in the
span of 7 yrs
57% savings in total cost
presently spent on
transport of SWM

35. Benefits Calculated: Solid Waste
35
PROCESSING
3R
Decentralized Bio-
Methanation plants
Community Sorting
Centres
Ban on Plastic
wasteTREATMENT
Guidelines & facility
for C&D waste
Institutionalization
of Rag pickers
CDM Possibilities
Reduction in transportation cost- US$ 65,000/yr
Replacement of LPG with biogas- US$ 31,000 /yr
Total Savings: US$ 96000/yr
Sale of recyclables- US$ 0.3million/yr.
Savings from transportation costs- US$ 0.8 million/yr
Total- US$ 1.1 million/yr
CDM benefits-
Total : US$ 1.85million over 7 yrs.
Total benefit from ‘3R’ actions
US$ 10.5 million for 7 yrs

36. Intangible Benefits Across Themes
36
• Water Security
• Green Jobs
• Health Improvement
• Improved Services
• Savings in Virgin
Resources
• Reduction in GHGs
• Improved Services
• Resource Conservation &
Development
• Carbon Sink
• Health Improvement
• Reduction in Pollution
• Reduction in GHGs
• Health Improvement
• Health
Improvement
• Improved
Landscape
• Improved Quality
of Life
• Improved
Quality of Life
• Green Jobs
• Increased Awareness
• Improved Services
• Green Jobs
• Health Improvement
• Green Jobs

37. Intangible Benefits
 Are immense but are difficult to capture in
monetary terms
 A rough estimate for health benefits from various
actions – Solid waste management, better sanitation,
organic fumigation, stringent norms on vehicular
pollution, increased green cover, works out to be
US$16million/yr, which itself takes care of the
entire investment in the Eco-City Action Plan.
37

38. Estimated savings in Health Sector
 Government norms of medical
reimbursement per household are
US$ 325 per year. This amount gets
generally spent
 If an amount of US$100 out of US $325 is saved then
this would entail savings of US$16million( for 0.16
million households in SMK)
 This saving will be due to improved environment, less
pollution and hence better health.

39. Concluding Observations
39
 Process is as important as the outcomes
 Community involvement should be the core of the
process
 Awareness programs must be linked to actions for
better effectiveness and sustainability
 Partnerships should be forged for multi-stakeholder
engagement

40. Concluding Observations
 Efforts to be made during implementation to set up key
indicators and methodologies supported by surveys to
assess the intangible benefits in monetary terms to the
extent possible.
 Eco-City Action Plan, when developed considering
economic, environmental and social perspectives, leads to
investments that pay off. The returns are through efficiency
gains, conservation of resources, green jobs and benefits to
health.
 Eco-city Action Plan thus leads to Green Economy and
demonstrates the Eco-Logic of an Eco-City! 40

41. 41
THANK YOU
Prasad Modak
Prasad.modak@emcentre.com