National information infrastrcuture_Rrecommendations to Deptt of Electronics & IT Govt of India on policy framework and institutional mechanism

Cisco ConfidentialCisco IBSG © 2011 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Internet Business Solutions Group 1
TM
National Information Infrastructure
(NII – 2.0): Recommendations on Policy
Framework and Institutional Mechanism
Submitted to Department of Electronics and Information
Technology, Government of India
Prakash Kumar
Cisco Consulting Services
2 August 2013

NeGP Vision and its COMPONENTS
2
ICT Infra Applications Core Policies and Capacity
Buliding
Core Infrastructure
• Network(SWAN,
• Data Center (SDC) and
• Assisted kiosks (CSC )
Support Infrastructure
Technical Assistance
R&D
 MMP applications like
CCTNS, Vahan, Sarathi,
CARD etc.
Core Policies
HRD & Training
Awareness & Assessment
Creation of specialized
manpower (SeMT and PeMT)
Landscape has changed since 2006 when NeGP was conceptualized.
Lots has changed including experience about implementing MMPs
Hence, the need for a re-look at the approach and strategy.
Vision: “Make all Government services accessible to the common man in his
locality, through common service delivery outlets and ensure efficiency, transparency &
reliability of such services at affordable costs to realise the basic needs of the common
man.”
Green: In place

State MMP Implementation Status

State MMP Implementation Score
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
AndhraPradesh
ArunachalPradesh
Assam
Bihar
Chhattisgarh
Goa
Gujarat
Haryana
HimachalPradesh
J&K
Jharkhand
Karnataka
Kerala
MadhyaPradesh
Maharashtra
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Nagaland
Odisha
Punjab
Rajasthan
Sikkim
TamilNadu
Tripura
UP
Uttarakhand
WestBengal
A&NIslands
Chandigarh
DadraNagarHaveli
Daman&Diu
Delhi
Lakshadweep
Puducherry
Implementation Score

What Next?1

This Calls for Change in Approach and
Strategy
For
• Increased e-transactions
• Faster and speedier processing
• Improved efficiency
• Maintaining technology currency;
• Encouraging on-going innovation and competitive pricing
• Greater citizen satisfaction
By
• Creating an environment for a shared and secure ICT Infrastructure
• Which is provided on demand
• Where procurement process is simple
• Making Apps available thru Cloud
• Improving ICT capability and skills
• Adopting policy measures on standards, architecture and other related issues

Experience from other Countries
UK (updated its ICT strategy in March 2011 with following objectives)
 Reducing waste and project failure, and stimulating economic growth
 Creating a common ICT infrastructure
 Using ICT to enable and deliver change
 Strengthening governance,
Canada (Aug 2011): Guiding Principles of Shared Services Canada
 Innovation
 Cost Efficiency
 Security
 Quality
 Rationalization
 Standardization
 Sustainability

Policy Measures on consolidation of ICT
infrastructure
Policy measures USA UK Australia S Korea Malaysia Canada
Data Center
consolidation
√ √ √ √ √ √
Adoption of
Cloud and
AppStore
√ √ √ √ √
Government
Network
√ √ √ √
Shared ICT
services across
multiple
agencies
√ √ √ √

 Creation of a Government of India Cloud (GI Cloud)
 Broadband up to Panchayats through National
Optical Fiber Network (NoFN) with last mile
connectivity through TSPs
 Comprehensive cyber security framework
 Formulation of Policy on NII 2.0
 Common standards
Current Strategy of DEITY
Also needed are
• ICT governance, organization, capability and skills inside the
government
• Reference architecture
• Procurement and
• Service management

NII: A Change Program
 NII should be looked at as a change programme driven
by a need to save money, integrate and join up ICT
across the government to help accelerate delivery of
services electronically to citizens and businesses.
 The joined up ICT would enable joined up services
wherever required/appropriate.
 It should lead to greatly accelerated and simplified
acquisition of ICT services delivered over network for
central as well as state/local government
departments/agencies.
 It should also lead to development of the required ICT
capability and skills in the government; common
standards and reference architecture; security and
identity assurance; and service management.

Creating an environment for a common
and secure ICT Infrastructure
NII: Suggested Business Architecture
GI-Network
GI-Cloud
Applications
Cyber
security
CommonStandards
ReferenceArchitecture
Security&IdentityAssurance
ServiceManagement
SimplifiedProcurement
Enabling better
public services
Increasingefficiency
GreaterCitizenSatisfaction&
Engagement
Increasede-Transactions
ICTCapability&Skills
Approved To be put in placeLegend End State

Experience on Network
Consolidation from
Other Jurisdictions
2

International Experience
• Procuring network services rather than
simply procuring transport bandwidth. [UK’s
Public Services Network (PSN) has adopted this
path.]
• Consolidation/Integration of dedicated
government networks with aim to reduce
cost and make them more secure. [Canada
and Germany have decided to go on this path.]

PSN of UK
“The PSN vision requires a change in the way Public Sector
procures its network services and the way in which these
services are offered. PSN customers will no longer procure
physical network assets and no longer handle such
procurements entirely independently from each other.
Instead, rather like domestic or commercial Internet users, PSN
customers will simply buy network services from pre-approved
suppliers, as and when required and in whatever configuration is
preferred, e.g. as an integrated solution of many services, or as
an individual service, across a whole organization or devoted to
local groups.”

Delivering
better
public
services
for less
Reducing waste
& project failure
& stimulating
economic
growth
Creating
common ICT
infrastructure
Using ICT to
enable &
deliver change
Strengthening
governance
PSN Vision

What is the Public Services Network?
 The Public Services Network (PSN) is a programme designed by
the UK Government to create one network for all UK public
sector organisations. Constructed as a network of networks, built
to common standards that enables the delivery of public services
from any place by any provider at lower cost
 Born out of a need for public sector organisations to save costs
and to introduce a level playing field for commercial suppliers.
 Operates within central government, local
government, health, defence, education and other public sector
bodies.
 Aims to offer a platform for innovation which avoids vendor lock-in
 The Cabinet Office has unveiled the 29 companies which will offer
services for the government’s Public Sector Network.

PSN as a Walled City
Walled City PSN
Streets Components of PSN
City Gates to vet traffic coming
in and out.
PSN-compliant gateways to vet data coming
in and out
Traffic on streets PSN Services
Anything outside the wall It is not PSN Service
Walled gardens’ within the city.
The gates of such gardens will
be of interest as the traffic
coming out or going in will have
to be walled city rules
compliant.
Non-PSN services, for example, private
systems operated by government
departments.
Traffic coming out or going in will have to be
PSN compliant.

Structure
GCN: Government Conveyance Network; DNSP: Direct Network
Service Provider; CoCo: Code of Connection; CoICo: Code of
Interconnection; CoP: Code of Practice; DoU: Deed of Undertaking
Core
Network
 The GCN interconnects
multiple operator
networks, termed Direct
Network Service
Providers or DNSPs
 Subscriber organisations
contract to a connection
from a local participating
DNSP, connect via that to
GCN and hence onwards
to other interconnected
networks and services

Commercial Framework
 In 2010 Virgin Media
Business, BT, Cable & Wireless
and Global Crossing signed DoU
and subsequently achieved
accreditation for providing GCN
and IP VPN services.
 In March 2012, 12 Companies
were successful bidders for the
initial two year PSN Connectivity
framework.
 In June 2012, 29 companies
were confirmed as suppliers of
ICT services to the UK public
sector under the Government’s
PSN Services framework
contract

PSN Services
 Wide area network
 Broadband
 Telephony and call centres
 Public videoconferencing service
 Access to commercial databases
 Secure conferencing services
 CCTV
 Access to a government database
 Data transfer via email
 Virtual private network

PSN Mechanism
 All cross government telecommunications procurement vehicles will be
brought under control of the PSN Programme.
 For migrating old networks already procured Government Secure
Intranet Convergence Framework (GCF) and Managed
Telecommunications Service Convergence Framework (MTCF)) have
been developed.
 Strong governance through the CIO Delivery Board, CIO Council and
PSN Steering Committee and Programme Board has been put in place
to realize full benefits of PSN.
 All CIOs instructed to ensure PSN compliance prior to approval of any
telecommunications spend on new builds or changes.
 Extensive industry engagement to ensure that telecommunications
suppliers implement the industry-led PSN standards and offer only
those services to government. (Industry led PSN supplier Governance
Body (PSNGB) and regular industry contact)

Shared Services Canada: Telecommunications
Transformation Program (TTP)
“Shared Services Canada was formed to
consolidate and streamline the delivery of IT
infrastructure services, specifically email, data
centre and network services. Our mandate is to
do this so that all federal organizations have
access to reliable, efficient and secure IT
infrastructure services for the best value.”

Telecommunications Transformation
Initiative under SSC
 Between 2011 and 2019, the Government of Canada will transition to a
single, shared telecommunications network infrastructure, while maintaining
required departmental segregation of data through security domains
and zones. Steps being taken:
 To complete current state analysis of networks and
telecommunications, to analyze business and technical requirements, to
develop a target end-state and to produce an overall transformation plan.
 To converge systems for voice, data and video onto the same network
to minimize duplication and reduce costs;
 To expand the Government of Canada's wireless network infrastructure
to meet the growing requirement for connectivity to mobile devices, laptops
and tablets; and
 To implement a more robust, standardized network security
infrastructure to enhance the Government's cyber security, resulting in
improved security services, awareness capabilities, and ability to counter
security threats
 The initiative is in the planning stages, and will proceed in parallel with the
Data Centre Consolidation Initiative.

SSC Creation Future
Shared Services Canada (SSC) Transformation
Vision
 Consolidated
 Standardized
 Innovative Strategies &
Partnerships
 Value for Partners & Canadians
 Duplication
 Fragmentation
 Low interoperability
 Aging Infrastructure

VISION
Improving Service Quality
• Improve levels of service and security for all
• Standardize infrastructure and platforms
• Increase system availability, reliability,
robustness and scalability
• Reduce dependence on physical location
(enhance mobility)
Maximizing Efficiencies
• Reduce duplication of infrastructure
• Centralize operation and administration
• Determine appropriate level of private sector
engagement
• Make effective use of shrinking IT budget and
resources
Minimizing Risks
• Fewer, better quality facilities
• Power supply diversification
• Centralize planning and recapitalization;
procurement
• Address aging IT infrastructure
• Improve information security
• Examine industry investment and risk sharing
Additional Benefits
• Significant environmental benefits
• Reduce power demand
• Reduce greenhouse gas emissions (cleaner
power); reduce e-waste
• Enable Workplace 2.0
• Reduce travel costs (videoconferencing /
telepresence)
• Improve support to remote worker
Transformation Principles
– Data Centres and Networks

Telecom vision: From –To Perspective
Key Components Elements FROM TO
Inter-building
Networks
Number of Wide Area
Networks
50 1 (intended)
Number of WAN
connections to buildings
7000+ -20%
Intra-building
Networks
Number of multi-tenant
buildings with consolidated
infrastructure
<40 >300
Number of buildings with
Wireless LAN services
< 100 >3000
Telephony
Number of PBXs and key
systems
850 + <100
Number of IP phones
deployed
< 10,000 >150,000
Videoconferencing Number of VC bridges 82 < 12
Contact Centers Number of contact centers
(infrastructure)
100+ -50%+

SSC’s Transformation Initiatives
Email
Current state
Business case and plan
2012-2013
Procurement
2013-2020
Build and Migration – 43 departments; 377,000 users
Data Centres (2012-2020)
Current State, Business Case, Detailed
Inventory and Plans
Networks (2012-2020)
Migration to New Data Centres
(Multiple Waves)
Inter-building (WAN) - integrated and aligned with data centre consolidation plan
Intra-building (LAN) - integrated and aligned with data centre consolidation plan
Nov 2011 Jan – May 2012 June 2013 Oct 2013 – April 2015
Forums / Events
• Chief Information Officer Council (CIOC)
• DPI, GTEC
• Executive Summit
Industry – Launch and closure of procurement process;
engagement of industry based on sourcing strategies
Key Stakeholders
• Ministers
• Inter-departmental Advisory
Committees (IT Business
Transformation)
• CIO Council
• 43 Partner Departments
• Unions
• Industry
Engagement
Inter-departmental Working Groups:
• Security
• Policy and Standards
• Functional
• Business Requirements
• Transition
• Operational & Service Mgmt
• Information Mgmt

Germany’s NdB (“Netze des Bundes” or
“Network of Federation”
 The project NdB reflects the fact that the network infrastructure now plays
a central role in the public sector like central nervous system in human
body.
 Functionality and availability of network infrastructures, even under difficult
conditions such as natural disasters, is of vital importance to the state.
 Another aim is to thwart any threat emanating from terrorists or cyber war.
 Security, Reliability and Continuity of Operations: Top Concern
Implementation
 1st Phase: Network Consolidation - Enablement of German Government to
build and run a government owned service provider network to consolidate
all government networks onto one single platform
 2nd Phase: Shared Service Consolidation – Enablement of German
Government to build a government owned Shared Service Centre and
consolidate all redundant and similar services and processes across
federal government and public administration in Germany

Other Policy Measures
UK
 Open standard of data
 Reference architecture
 Open technical standards
 End user device strategy
 Information strategy
 Risk management regime

Recommendations3

NII: A Change Program
 NII should be looked at as a change programme
driven by a need to save money, integrate and join up
ICT across the government to help accelerate delivery
of services electronically to citizens and businesses.
 The joined up ICT would enable joined up services
wherever required/appropriate.
 Having put in place policies on, National Cloud, Cyber
Security and Standards, time to look at Network
Aggregation, Reference Architecture, ICT Capability
and Skills, Service Management and Security & Identity
Assurance

Recommendations: Network Aggregation
 UK’s PSN (network as a service) appears best. It needs a high
level of maturity in procurement of such services and a cadre of IT
professionals. UK Gov has long history of outsourcing services
and experienced IT staff in handling procurement of network
services and other complex technology services.
 PSN model is not suitable for India today. India does not have a IT
cadre experienced in such complex technology acquisition.
 The approach adopted by Canada and Germany towards
consolidation of government networks appears much more suitable
for India at this time.
 Consolidation of value-added shared services with consolidation of
networks should be built into the plan.
 After few years of successful implementation, the PSN type model
could be explored by DeitY.

High Level Architecture of Integrated Network

Suggested NKN-SWAN Integration till
District HQ
Super Core
Core
SWAN
NKN District Node NKN District NodeSWAN District Node
SWAN Block Nodes SWAN Block Nodes
SW
AN
BlockDistrictLeased
Link
NKN SWAN 1
VPN
NKNCore-DistrictLink
IPSEC Enabled Broadband backup

Recommendations: Pervasive Security
 Pervasive security is a fundamental architectural
requirement of NII.
 End-to-end security framework (applications – data centre –
network – end points - interconnects between networks –
interconnects between networks and data centres –
interconnects between data centres) and architecture should
be developed up–front and embedded in the NII 2.0
architecture.
 Security architecture shouldn’t be an after-thought (no more
'bolt-on' security to the architecture).
 Development and deployment of a network security policy
including for interconnects (at the Gateway level for
example) and mechanisms to audit the same for adherence
– like the PSN example, is foundational.

Recommendations: Network based Shared
Services
 Along with integration of networks, services delivered
over network which are currently bought and consumed
by departments/agencies separately should also be
undertaken.
 Examples of such services are voice telephony (VoIP
telephony), call centres/contact centres, unified services
(messaging, collaboration, presence and IM), secure
audio and video conferencing, gateway services, CCTV
etc.
 From state-specific VC system or VoIP to government-
wide VC/VoIP systems

Recommendations:
Governance/Organizational Framework
 Network like Cloud will need an organizational
framework like AMO, OMU etc.
 It would be problematic to have parallel yet separate
structures set up for the network project.
—There will be some elements (at the detailed technical level)
where different experts will need to be involved and those could
be identified and placed under AMO/OMU, as the case may be.
 We recommend establishing a single organization for
GI Cloud and Network initiatives, with AMO and
OMU, so that the policy, architecture, and standards for
each come from the same organization.

Recommendations: Location
independent working
 Government officials have started using mobile devices
and senior officials demand access to applications from
their mobile devices, especially for monitoring
purposes. ICT providers like NIC are already grappling
with this demand which is increasing day by day.
 Many mobile workers are being provided tablets and
they need to be connected to their systems at times for
feeding data from inspection sites, pulling data to
generate bills, or to serve clients where they are, etc.
 If this growth in use of BYOD mobile devices is not
managed carefully, it will open up new security risks.
 Therefore, we recommend location independent
working and bring your own device (BYOD) be included
in NII.

Implementation Roadmap
 Stakeholder consultation and agreement on the vision, principles, and
high level architecture of Integrated/consolidated network.
 Putting in place required Governance mechanism and related policies
(e.g. who must use; who may use).
 Identification of global standards to which the NII 2.0 should be built and
operated (Networks, Data Centres, Security and Operations). Identify and
deploy industry best practices where standards are unavailable or not
relevant
 Deployment of GI-Network (integration of NKN, SWANs, NICNET, NoFN
and Gateways)
 Tight coupling of Data Centres with GI-Network for secure and seamless
access to the GI-Network
 Implementation of HR Policy for creating positions of CIOs and CTOs with
required support teams in central as well as state governments.
 Institutionalization of capacity building plan by setting up dedicated
training institute for training of government officials

Implementation Roadmap
Development of real-time Shared Services (esp. ICT Required to
support improved collaboration), which we may call GI-
Network Services, across the government enabled by
integrated network like
• Voice Telephony and call Centers/Contact Centers
• Gateway Services
• Unified Services (messaging, collaboration, presence etc.)
• Secure conferencing services (audio as well as video)
• Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI)
• Mobile Voice and Data
• Network and IT security

National information infrastrcuture_Rrecommendations to Deptt of Electronics & IT Govt of India on policy framework and institutional mechanism

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