1. Minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic crystalline solids with a definite chemical composition. 2. Minerals form repeating patterns within crystals that can be cubic, tetragonal, hexagonal, orthorhombic, monoclinic, or triclinic. 3. Physical properties of minerals include color, streak, luster, hardness, cleavage, and fracture.

1. Minerals

2. 1. _______- a naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid with a definite chemical composition mineral

3. A. “Naturally occurring”- made by ______- not man-made nature B. “Inorganic”- is not nor has it ever been ________ alive

4. C. “Crystalline”- minerals are lined up in ________ patterns repeating D. “SOLID”

5. E. “Definite chemical composition”- certain elements in definite proportions

6. 2. ________- a solid plane in which the atoms are arranged in orderly, repeating patterns A. cubic B. tetragonal C. hexagonal D. orthorhombic E. triclinic F. monoclinic crystal

7. CUBIC HALITE TETRAGONAL WULFENITE HEXAGONAL BERYL ORTHORHOMBIC TANZANITE MONOCLINIC GYPSUM TRICLINIC MONTEBRASITE

8. 3. Physical properties A. _____- the mineral’s general color B. _______- the color of the powdered mineral C. _______- the way light is reflected from a mineral’s surface D. ________-how tightly packed together the molecules of a mineral are; E. ________- a mineral’s resistance to being scratched F. ________- breaks on smooth surfaces; ________- the irregular breakage of a mineral hardness cleavage fracture streak density color luster

9. G. Other- _____ (salt), _____ (sulfur), ___________ (iron), and _____ (jade) taste smell magnetism sound

10. 4. _____- rare and highly prized minerals gems

12. 5. ______- minerals that can be mined at a profit ores

13. 6. ______and _______- two most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust silicon oxygen

14. Rocks

15. 7. rock - mixture of ________, ______________, _____________, and ________________ 8. Rock cycle - rocks are formed by __________, _______, ____, ________, _______, _______, __________ and ___________ minerals volcanic glass organic matter other materials weathering erosion heat pressure melting cooling compaction cementation

16. 9. Major Rock types A. IGNEOUS B. SEDIMENTARY C. METAMORPHIC

19. 11. sedimentary - 75% of all rocks on the _______; the only rocks that _________ on the Earth’s surface surface originate

23. 11. Metamorphic rock - rocks that have changed due to ____ and ________ A. ________- contains parallel bands of minerals B. ____________- no banding; massive in form; mineral grains grow and rearrange heat pressure foliated non-foliated

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