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Pearl River New City- Guangzhou Twin Tower

Presented at
USMCA 2008
Beijing, China
22-Oct-2008



                                               Copyright: Wilkinson Eyre Architects




                                                                        GREEN BUILDINGS
                                                      CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS

                                                                                      Pranab J Baruah, PhD
                                                                                            Research Fellow
                                                                                         The University of Tokyo

Copyright: Michael Ficeto/Hearst Corporation
Building Footprint on GHG Emissions
                                          Worldwide share of different sectors in total
                                        anthropogenic GHG emissions in C02 equivalent
                                                   (Year 2005; Forestry includes deforestation)

                                                             2.8
                                                  19.4                 17.4
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                      7.9
                                                                            13.5

                                            7.9

                                                                25.9

                                                  Data source: Climate Change 2007, IPCC
Building Footprint
                                      Taking Into account the entire lifespan of buildings…
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                                                       Source: UNEP SBCI 2006
GHG Mitigation Potential in 2030
                                      Building sector : ‘low hanging fruit’ for GHG mitigation
                                           Greening building sector : win-win solution
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                                                Source: Climate Change 2007, IPCC
What is Green Building
                                      ★ A Green Building is OFTEN NOT Sustainable Building   ★
                                      ★A Sustainable Building is a Green Building★


                                      Sustainable Building
                                      NO net impact on environment

                                      Green Building
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                      focuses on incremental steps
                                      to solve known and measurable
                                      problems with our current practice

                                        A Greener Building in India may be less green than a
                                        normal building in Japan in using energy and resources

                                           Greener than average, Greener than baseline
Pearl River
                                      GREEN BUILDINGS ARE BETTER IN…                                 Tower



                                                                                    Community
                                                      Transport
                                                                                   Development
                                                                       Energy
                                                                      Efficiency
                                                      Indoor
                                                                   Sustainable
                                                  Environmental
                                                     Quality Green Landuse Design &
                                                                      Building
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                                                                                 Delivery
                                      Affordability
                                                                      criteria                   Process
                                                       Water                  Global
                                                      Resource            Environmental
                                                       Mgmt. Material, Impact
                                                               Resources
                                                               Efficiency
                                                      Affordability                 Durability

                                                                                                            71 story, 2010
Ancient Green Buildings !!
                                         Ancient Chinese and Indian geomacy principles are
                                         similar to several present green building attributes

                                                             Feng-shui tries to achieve a balance
                                                             between natural sunlight, air and
                                                             water within a building
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                      Vastushastra tries to harmonize
                                      the flow of energy with exact
                                      directions for objects, rooms etc.
Modern Green Building (GB) Movement
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing
Factors of Green Building Movement
                                                         Global warming
                                                         Climate Change
                                                             Pollution
                                                                                    UNEP-SBCI
                                      Mandates               Overall
                                                                                     UNFCC
                                      Directives          Environmental
                                                                                      IPCC
                                       Policies            Awareness

                                                                          International
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                             Government
                                                                          Organizations
                                               Actions


                                                    LOHAS            Assessment
                                                   customers          Systems
                                                                                   Voluntary
                                          Creatives                               Mandatory
                                      True-blue greens                           Business-case
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing
                                      Green Building Assessment Systems
BRE Environment Assessment Method (BREEAM)
                                        World’s first,
                                                                                          BREEAM 2008
                                      Started in 1990
                                                                                          Rating        %-age
                                                                         UK               Outstanding   85%
                                                                 Building Research
                                      BREEAM Bespoke                                      Excellent     75%
                                                                   Establishment          Very Good     55%
                                      BREEAM Courts
                                                                                          Good          45%
                                                                        (BRE)
                                      BREEAM EcoHomes
                                                                                          Pass          30%
                                      BREEAM EcoHomes XB
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                      BREEAM Industrial                                       Voluntary;
                                      BREEAM International                                   Mandatory
                                      BREEAM Multi Residential                            Pre-construction &
                                      BREEAM Offices                                       Post-construction
                                      BREEAM Prisons                                           Review in
                                      BREEAM Retail                                          BREEAM 2008
                                      BREEAM Schools
                                                                     London Westminster
                                                                     BREEAM Excellent
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)
                                                                Voluntary, Pre-design




                                                                 US
                                                               Green
                                                              Building
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                                              Council
Comparison of Assessment Systems
                                      Assessment systems are either ……
                                      (1) Point Value based ( LEED, BREEAM, Greenstar etc.)
                                      (2) Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) based (BEES, EcoQuantum etc.)
                                      (3) In between (1) and (2) (CASBEE)




                                      BREEAM 2008
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                          LEED-NC
Comprehensive Assessment System for Building
                                          Environmental Efficiency (CASBEE)
                                                                         Voluntary, Pre & post-design
                                      CASBEE for New Construction(2008)
                                      CASBEE for New Construction(Brief)
                                                                                                      Ranks
                                      CASBEE for Existing Building
                                                                                Japan
                                      CASBEE for Renovation                                           S
                                                                           Green Building
                                      CASBEE for Heat Island                                          A
                                                                          Council (JaGBC)
                                      CASBEE for Urban Development(2007) Japan Sustainable            B+
                                      CASBEE for an Urban Area+Buildings Building Consortium          B-
                                       (e.g. CASBEE Nagoya)                                           C
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                                                                (JSBC)
                                      CASBEE for Home(2007)                      BEE = Quality / Load




                                            Toyota Headquarter, 2005
Green Building is still not an attractive CleanTech
                                           (…despite the low or negative costs)
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing
Growing Green Building (GB) Market
                                       Growth of LEED
                                      •Projects in 69 countries
                                      •Annual market for GB product
                                      & service: $12 Billion (2008)

                                      Growth of CleanEnergy Trio
                                      (solar, wind, biomass)
                                      •20-50% a year worldwide
                                      •~$10 billion by VC firms alone
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                      •~$140 billion investment (2007)

                                      China factor
                                      •Urban population 44% in 2006
                                      to 70% in 2035
                                      •20 bil. sqm in next 15 years
                                      (2 bil. sqm annual construction)
                                      •2000-2015, 50% of all new constructions in the world will be in China
                                      •Building+ Building material consumes ~45% of energy at present
                                      •National Project of Building Energy Conservation, by 2010
                                       $400 bil investment to be 50% energy efficient, save 10 m ton coal.
Future Factors
                                                        •Future of the World is Urban
                                      ( in 2008 first time urban pupulation~50%       60% by 2030 )
                                       • half of the world urban area in 2030 is yet to be built

                                                  1                 2                3
                                             Mandatory          Research           New
                                             Policies by       Funding in
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                                                               Technology
                                            governments        Integrated         (Lean
                                                              Approach to        cement,
                                                                 Design
                                              UNFCC &                           LED Lights,
                                             UNEP-SBCI                             ICT)


                                                                              ICT: Information and
                                                                              Communication Technology
Impact of ICT in Greening of Real Estate

                                      -Increasing Efficiency & Dematerialization
                                      -Impact in Transport, Building, Industry & Power (smart grid)




                                                          CO2 due to ICT in 2020
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                               2002
                                               2020
                                        no reduction
                                                                                         Reduce 5 times
                                                                                         of what it emits
                                               2020
                                      with reduction


                                      reduction by other method CO2 reduction by ICT in 2020
                                                               Source & copyright: SMART 2020 The Climate Group
Impact of ICT in Greening of Real Estate

                                      By 2020                (Data source: SMART 2020 The Climate Group)

                                      Energy Efficient Building Design: 0.45 GtC/yr
                                      Building Management Systems: 0.39 GtC/yr
                                      Lighting Automation:                  0.12 GtC/yr

                                      Total with other options:              1.68 GtC/yr
                                                                      (Total with ICT 7.8 GtC/yr)
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                        …about $ 340 billion in savings

                                                                     +
                                                          The China factor
                                      How much greening of real-estate happens in China,
                                           the biggest builder in coming decades
Concluding Remarks
                                       COST &       Greening of buildings is more of a
                                      ECONOMY       safety issue & an economic issue

                                                    Key to get to greener buildings
                                      AWARENESS     is awareness, mainly of public

                                                    To create market &spur innovation
                                      MANDATES &
Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing




                                                    Reduce emission, increase efficiency
                                       INCENTIVES

                                                    Assessment systems are good way
                                      ASSESSMENT
                                                    to incorporate integrated design
                                        SYSTEMS     approach, present with a business
                                       APPROACH     case, and achieve real efficiency
                                                    while creating awareness and
                                        BUSINESS
                                                    spurring cost-effective innovation
                                         CASE
China’s first low energy demo building @Tsinghua University 2005
   USMCA 2008
   Beijing, China
    Wed 22 Oct




                                                              pjbaruah@gmail.com




                                               Hearst Tower, NYC
                                               LEED Gold, 2006
Copyright: Michael Ficeto/Hearst Corporation

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Green Building Movement

  • 1. Pearl River New City- Guangzhou Twin Tower Presented at USMCA 2008 Beijing, China 22-Oct-2008 Copyright: Wilkinson Eyre Architects GREEN BUILDINGS CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS Pranab J Baruah, PhD Research Fellow The University of Tokyo Copyright: Michael Ficeto/Hearst Corporation
  • 2. Building Footprint on GHG Emissions Worldwide share of different sectors in total anthropogenic GHG emissions in C02 equivalent (Year 2005; Forestry includes deforestation) 2.8 19.4 17.4 Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing 7.9 13.5 7.9 25.9 Data source: Climate Change 2007, IPCC
  • 3. Building Footprint Taking Into account the entire lifespan of buildings… Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing Source: UNEP SBCI 2006
  • 4. GHG Mitigation Potential in 2030 Building sector : ‘low hanging fruit’ for GHG mitigation Greening building sector : win-win solution Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing Source: Climate Change 2007, IPCC
  • 5. What is Green Building ★ A Green Building is OFTEN NOT Sustainable Building ★ ★A Sustainable Building is a Green Building★ Sustainable Building NO net impact on environment Green Building Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing focuses on incremental steps to solve known and measurable problems with our current practice A Greener Building in India may be less green than a normal building in Japan in using energy and resources Greener than average, Greener than baseline
  • 6. Pearl River GREEN BUILDINGS ARE BETTER IN… Tower Community Transport Development Energy Efficiency Indoor Sustainable Environmental Quality Green Landuse Design & Building Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing Delivery Affordability criteria Process Water Global Resource Environmental Mgmt. Material, Impact Resources Efficiency Affordability Durability 71 story, 2010
  • 7. Ancient Green Buildings !! Ancient Chinese and Indian geomacy principles are similar to several present green building attributes Feng-shui tries to achieve a balance between natural sunlight, air and water within a building Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing Vastushastra tries to harmonize the flow of energy with exact directions for objects, rooms etc.
  • 8. Modern Green Building (GB) Movement Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing
  • 9. Factors of Green Building Movement Global warming Climate Change Pollution UNEP-SBCI Mandates Overall UNFCC Directives Environmental IPCC Policies Awareness International Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing Government Organizations Actions LOHAS Assessment customers Systems Voluntary Creatives Mandatory True-blue greens Business-case
  • 10. Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing Green Building Assessment Systems
  • 11. BRE Environment Assessment Method (BREEAM) World’s first, BREEAM 2008 Started in 1990 Rating %-age UK Outstanding 85% Building Research BREEAM Bespoke Excellent 75% Establishment Very Good 55% BREEAM Courts Good 45% (BRE) BREEAM EcoHomes Pass 30% BREEAM EcoHomes XB Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing BREEAM Industrial Voluntary; BREEAM International Mandatory BREEAM Multi Residential Pre-construction & BREEAM Offices Post-construction BREEAM Prisons Review in BREEAM Retail BREEAM 2008 BREEAM Schools London Westminster BREEAM Excellent
  • 12. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Voluntary, Pre-design US Green Building Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing Council
  • 13. Comparison of Assessment Systems Assessment systems are either …… (1) Point Value based ( LEED, BREEAM, Greenstar etc.) (2) Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) based (BEES, EcoQuantum etc.) (3) In between (1) and (2) (CASBEE) BREEAM 2008 Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing LEED-NC
  • 14. Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency (CASBEE) Voluntary, Pre & post-design CASBEE for New Construction(2008) CASBEE for New Construction(Brief) Ranks CASBEE for Existing Building Japan CASBEE for Renovation S Green Building CASBEE for Heat Island A Council (JaGBC) CASBEE for Urban Development(2007) Japan Sustainable B+ CASBEE for an Urban Area+Buildings Building Consortium B- (e.g. CASBEE Nagoya) C Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing (JSBC) CASBEE for Home(2007) BEE = Quality / Load Toyota Headquarter, 2005
  • 15. Green Building is still not an attractive CleanTech (…despite the low or negative costs) Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing
  • 16. Growing Green Building (GB) Market Growth of LEED •Projects in 69 countries •Annual market for GB product & service: $12 Billion (2008) Growth of CleanEnergy Trio (solar, wind, biomass) •20-50% a year worldwide •~$10 billion by VC firms alone Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing •~$140 billion investment (2007) China factor •Urban population 44% in 2006 to 70% in 2035 •20 bil. sqm in next 15 years (2 bil. sqm annual construction) •2000-2015, 50% of all new constructions in the world will be in China •Building+ Building material consumes ~45% of energy at present •National Project of Building Energy Conservation, by 2010 $400 bil investment to be 50% energy efficient, save 10 m ton coal.
  • 17. Future Factors •Future of the World is Urban ( in 2008 first time urban pupulation~50% 60% by 2030 ) • half of the world urban area in 2030 is yet to be built 1 2 3 Mandatory Research New Policies by Funding in Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing Technology governments Integrated (Lean Approach to cement, Design UNFCC & LED Lights, UNEP-SBCI ICT) ICT: Information and Communication Technology
  • 18. Impact of ICT in Greening of Real Estate -Increasing Efficiency & Dematerialization -Impact in Transport, Building, Industry & Power (smart grid) CO2 due to ICT in 2020 Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing 2002 2020 no reduction Reduce 5 times of what it emits 2020 with reduction reduction by other method CO2 reduction by ICT in 2020 Source & copyright: SMART 2020 The Climate Group
  • 19. Impact of ICT in Greening of Real Estate By 2020 (Data source: SMART 2020 The Climate Group) Energy Efficient Building Design: 0.45 GtC/yr Building Management Systems: 0.39 GtC/yr Lighting Automation: 0.12 GtC/yr Total with other options: 1.68 GtC/yr (Total with ICT 7.8 GtC/yr) Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing …about $ 340 billion in savings + The China factor How much greening of real-estate happens in China, the biggest builder in coming decades
  • 20. Concluding Remarks COST & Greening of buildings is more of a ECONOMY safety issue & an economic issue Key to get to greener buildings AWARENESS is awareness, mainly of public To create market &spur innovation MANDATES & Green Buildings, USMCA 2008 Beijing Reduce emission, increase efficiency INCENTIVES Assessment systems are good way ASSESSMENT to incorporate integrated design SYSTEMS approach, present with a business APPROACH case, and achieve real efficiency while creating awareness and BUSINESS spurring cost-effective innovation CASE
  • 21. China’s first low energy demo building @Tsinghua University 2005 USMCA 2008 Beijing, China Wed 22 Oct pjbaruah@gmail.com Hearst Tower, NYC LEED Gold, 2006 Copyright: Michael Ficeto/Hearst Corporation