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How to Create an EfficientHow to Create an Efficient
PresentationPresentation
 Ben PisaniBen Pisani
 ENG 506ENG 506
Graphic FunctionsGraphic Functions
 DecorativeDecorative
RepresentationalRepresentational
 Single ElementSingle Element
RelationalRelational
 QuantitativeQuantitative
RelationshipRelationship
OrganizationalOrganizational
 Relationship betweenRelationship between
two or more itemstwo or more items
TransformationalTransformational
 Change over TimeChange over Time
InterpretiveInterpretive
 InvisibleInvisible
RelationshipsRelationships
ContentContent
 FactsFacts
ConceptsConcepts
 CategoriesCategories
ProcessProcess
 Description of howDescription of how
something workssomething works
ProcedureProcedure
 Series of StepsSeries of Steps
PrinciplePrinciple
 GuidelinesGuidelines
More InformationMore Information
 Novice LearningNovice Learning
 Static VisualsStatic Visuals
 Animated VisualsAnimated Visuals
Principles of ContiguityPrinciples of Contiguity
 Coordinate words and graphicsCoordinate words and graphics
Contiguity: DO NOTContiguity: DO NOT
 Separate textSeparate text
 FeedbackFeedback
 Separate DirectionsSeparate Directions
 Bottom TextBottom Text
 Narrate then show graphicsNarrate then show graphics
Modality PrincipleModality Principle
 Audio Instead of TextAudio Instead of Text
 Keep wordsKeep words
Redundancy PrincipleRedundancy Principle
 Old Idea: Auditory and Visual LearnersOld Idea: Auditory and Visual Learners
 Time WastedTime Wasted
 Resources WastedResources Wasted
Coherence PrincipleCoherence Principle
 ClutterClutter
 Keep what is CentralKeep what is Central
 No Extraneous PicturesNo Extraneous Pictures
 No irrelevant picturesNo irrelevant pictures
Personalization PrinciplePersonalization Principle
 Conversational EnglishConversational English
 Bonds with materialBonds with material
 Be PoliteBe Polite
 Make Author VisibleMake Author Visible
Segmenting and PretrainingSegmenting and Pretraining
PrinciplesPrinciples
 Break lessonBreak lesson
 PretrainingPretraining
Questions?Questions?
 Clark, R., & Mayer, R. (2011).Clark, R., & Mayer, R. (2011). e-learninge-learning
and the science of instruction: Provenand the science of instruction: Proven
guidelines for consumers and designers ofguidelines for consumers and designers of
multimedia learningmultimedia learning. Pfeiffer.. Pfeiffer.

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