1. Part 6 : North America

3. Presentation by Célia Junon, Thomas Lochot, Giovanni Rasoli and
Pierre Urier-Cattoire.

4. 1. Geography and Demographics
 Climate, Povinces and Territory, Population
2. Cultural facts
 Languages, Religions, Gastronomy, Sports
3. Governement and Economy
 Politics and Law, Economy, International relationships
4. Doing business in Canada
 Business structure, Management, Communication

5. Sources: www.populationdata.net; www.destineducation.ca.

6.  Population in Canada
(2010) :
33 993 106
 Main provinces in term of
population :
• Ontario: 12 890 800.
• Québec: 7 744 530.
• British Columbia: 4 430 360.
• Alberta: 3 512 370.

7.  The biggest part of the
population lives in big
cities.
 Toronto: 12 890 800
inhabitants.
 Other important cities:
Montréal, Vancouver,
Calgary.
 99% of the Canadian
live in big cities, a large
part of the territory is
not occupied.

8.  10 provinces :
• Ontario, Québec,
British Columbia,
Alberta…
 3 territories :
• Northouest
Territories
• Yukon
• Nunav

9.  Ontario
 Represents 41% of
Canada’s Gross
Domestic Product.
 Toronto: more than 100
different languages
spoken.
 250 000 lakes.

10.  Québec
 Member of Canada’s
Confederation since
1867.
 Represents 15% of the
total Canada’s area.
 French is the first
language.

11.  British Columbia
 Attractive place: skiing,
fishing, hiking, the best
place in the world to see
grizzly and other kind of
bears.
 35 000 immigrants come
to live in Toronto each
year.
 Many visitors came last
year to visit Vancouver: 22
millions.

12.  Alberta
 Main resources: oil
and natural gas.
 Rodeos parties
every year.
 29 colleges.

13.  6 diferent climates :
• North
• South
• Pacific coast
• Meadows
• Atlantic coast
• Great Lakes area

14. Sources : http://gomestic.com; www.foodbycountry.com;
www.kwintessential.co.uk

15.  A multitude of languages are spoken in Canada.
 English and French are recognized by the Constitution of Canada as
“official languages”.
 85% of French-speaking Canadians live in Quebec.
Language Percentage Religion Percentage
English 67.1% Christianity 77.1%
French 21.5% No religion 16.5%
Chinese 2.6% Islam 2.0%
Punjabi 0.8% Judaism 1.1%
Spanish 0.7% Buddhism 1.0%
Italian 0.6% Hinduism 1.0%
Arabic 0.5% Sikhism 0.9%

16.  Family heritage influence.  The sporting culture of
Canada is different from
 Maple syrup and maple many other countries.
products are popular. • Ice hockey
• Football
• Basketball
• Base-ball

17.  Gift giving  Dining customs

18. Sources : www.pch.gc.ca; DataMonitor – Study of Canada

19. General facts (2009):
 Head of State: Elizabeth II
 Governor General of Canada : Michaëlle Jean
 Prime Minister: Stephen Harper
 Growth: -2.5%
 Unemployment: 8.6%
 Currency: Canadian Dollar (0.63054€)

20.  Political landscape:
• High government effectiveness and stable direction under both
Conservative and Liberal rule
 Political instability and disparities of development
• Conservatives to power in 2006 after 12 years of Liberal rule
• Parliament disolved in 2008  Conservatives became a minority
(38%)
• Collaboration to dislodge Harper’s government
• Regional disparity between western and eastern provinces
• Government is accused of helping the west and the French-speaking
provincies more more than the others (most developped provinces)
• Inequitable internal growth

21.  Economy landscape:
• Global slowdown (growth: -1% in 2009), low productivity
growth for the past 5 years and financial turbulence with
not-evenly spread growth across all provinces and
territories
 Slowdown in the economy
• CAGR (Compounded average growth) from 2000 to 2007:
+1,9%
• CAGR in 2008: -0,65%
• Bugetary deficit due to a drain on the state’s finances.

22.  Decreasing GDP (constant price) in 2009 with a holding up rise
of inflation since 2006
 Stable commercial
balance
 Decreasing
unemployement
 Growth of
communication

23.  Low business tax rates attract foreign investors
• One of the most conducive legal climates for investments.
• 7th best investment regime in terms of business freedom (WSJ).
• One of the most flexible labor markets in the world.
• Lowest payroll taxes among the G8 countries.
• But businesses une the country have to bear one of the world’s
highest marginal effective tax rates on investment.
 International environmental targets
• Proactive stand on environmental issues since 1990: remains the
forefront in meeting the environmental challenges.
• But Canada has a poor rating in terms of environmental performance.
• Tries very hard to achieve its target under the Kyoto Protocol.
 Greenhouse gases will decline starting in 2010 (all sources)

24. Sources : www.kwintessential.co.uk; http://globalgateway.monster.ca

25. Let’s introduce this
topic with a video…
 Agreeable, polite, quiet, reserved and passive-
aggressive, are all the words to describe
Canadian.

26. Business Structure:
Many Canadian companies have abandoned
traditional hierarchical approaches in favor of
more simple and open structures.
Canadian Management
Strategy:
Manager = a part of the company.
After having consulted each members of
Canadian Meeting: the group, he is in charge of the final
decision and so expected to be decisive.
Democratic meetings: people expect the
right to be heard and listened to Interpersonal and man-management skills
regardless of rank or status. are considered of vital importance.
Canadian are essentially rational and
logical.

27. Canadian Team: Canadian
Communication Style:
People of the team expect to be valued for their
contribution. Conflict is a dirty word in Canada.
Cultural diversity is recognized and respected. There is a “moderately indirect”
communication.
Women in business :
Absolutely integrated into the
Canada business environment.

28. CONCLUSION
 People do not have authority just because of their
name, status, social class or sex.
 Canadian business people are conservative in
manner, speech and the way they dress.
Let’s conclude this topic with a video …