RDA for music cataloguers
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Written by Charlotte Stretton, National Library of New Zealand. Presented by Chris Todd NZ IAML Conference, November 2010
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RDA for music cataloguers
- 1. RDA for Music Cataloguers Written by Charlotte Stretton, Cataloguing Team Leader, National Library of New Zealand for New Zealand IAML Conference, November 2010 Presented by Chris Todd
- 2. Structure AACR2 Part I - Description Part II - Headings, Uniform titles, References RDA Attributes (of entities) Relationships (between entities)
- 3. Finding rules AACR2 Start by identifying the type of resource RDA Start by identifying the data element title (of music score) attribute (2.3) title (of compact disc) attribute (2.3) title (of MP3 file) attribute (2.3) music score music (chapt 5) compact disc sound recordings (chapt 6) MP3 music? sound? electronic? … (chapt. 5?, 6? 9?) PROBLEM!
- 4. RDA Structure based on FRBR model (Works Expressions Manifestations Items … ) Supports user needs and user tasks (Find Identify Select Obtain) Covers authority and bibliographic data Record independent units of data (machine readable, not just human readable)
- 5. RDA’s main changes Core and “Core if” elements (no more levels of description) Take what you see (fewer abbreviations, no more “rule of 3”) Content, Media & Carrier types (no more GMD) Expanded sources of information
- 6. Take what you see ‘transcribe’ really does mean transcribe In addition: few abbreviations: pages, not p.; colour, not col.; illustrations, not ill. Why change? helps to accurately identify the item in hand allows the use of other sources of data (e.g. scanned or publisher supplied) On resource In catalogue record Volume 3 Volume 3 Vol. 3 Vol. 3 accompanied accompanied
- 7. Three new data elements Content type (Core) Media type (Optional) Carrier type (Core) Recorded as terms or codes RDA covers content not presentation or display Why change? Clearer identification of format
- 8. GMD vs Content & Carrier AACR2 General Material Designation (GMD) e.g. [sound recording] [music] RDA Content type & carrier type e.g. Content type: performed music Carrier type: audio disc Content type: notated music Carrier type: volume
- 9. Sources of information 1.Identify the boundaries of the resource Includes storage medium and housing (where integral to resource) Includes accompanying material for comprehensive descriptions 2. Choose preferred source of information includes permanent labels on resources excludes labels on accompanying material
- 10. Sources of information 2 If information comes from outside the resource itself it should be marked “either by means of a note or by some other means (e.g. through coding or the use of square brackets)” 2.2.4 The benefit: Square brackets always mean the information comes from outside the resource. Makes identification easier.
- 11. Music rule changes Editions (include musical presentation statement) Definitions (score, chorus score, vocal score) New elements in authority data (medium of performance, numeric designation, key)
- 12. Edition statement • Scope extended to include – Musical presentation statements – Statements of responsibility indicating arrangement or version e.g.“vocal score …” • 2.5.2.1 “In case of doubt ... consider the presence of ... a statement indicating … – (g) A particular voice range or format for notated music as evidence that such a statement is a designation of edition”
- 13. Changes in definitions of scores Score: Graphical, symbolic, or word- based musical notation representing the sounds of all the parts of an ensemble or a work for solo performer or electronic media miniature score, use study score short score & close score included with condensed score
- 14. New attributes for works and expressions Data used to create headings for works and expressions is now recorded New elements specific to records for musical works Medium of performance Numeric designation of a musical work Key
- 15. New attributes for works and expressions, example Authorised access point for the work Beethoven, Ludwig van, 1770-1827. Sonatas, piano, no. 14, op. 27, no. 2, C# minor Data elements in the authority record for the work Medium of performance piano Numeric designation no. 14, op. 27, no. 2 Key C# minor
- 16. More changes that affect music • Adaptations • Librettos & cadenzas
- 17. Adaptations of musical works RDA rules not based on resource type – Scope for definition of adaptations includes notated music and performed music “a) arrangements described as freely transcribed, based on, etc., and other arrangements incorporating new material b) paraphrases of various works or of the general style of another composer c) arrangements in which the harmony or musical style of the original has been changed d) performances of musical works involving substantial creative responsibility for adaptation, improvisation, etc., on the part of the performer or performers e) any other distinct alteration of another musical work” RDA 6.28.1.5.1
- 18. Librettos & Cadenzas • Both treated as related works • No option to enter librettos under composer, now entered under author of libretto
- 19. AACR2 vs RDA Rattletrap (Musical group) Rattletrap [sound recording] / written and produced by Rattletrap. [S.l.] : Dizzyland Recording Inc., c2003. 1 sound disc Rattletrap (Musical group), composer, performer, producer Rattletrap / written and produced by Rattletrap. [Place of publication not identified] : Dizzyland Recording Inc., [2003], ©2003. 1 audio disc performed music Content type audio Media type (optional) audio disc Carrier
- 20. Thirteen ways of looking at a blackbird • Personal name Donner, Ezra, 1986-, composer. • Main title Thirteen ways of looking at a blackbird : a set of songs for voice and piano / poem by Wallace Stevens ; music by Ezra Donner. • Variant title 13 ways of looking at a blackbird • Published/created [United States?] : Ezra Donner, [2007], ©2007 • Related work Stevens, Wallace, 1879-1955. Thirteen ways of looking at a blackbird, musical setting of. • Description 1 score (17 leaves) ; 28 cm. • Notes Staff notation. Words also printed as text before score. • Content type notated music • Media type unmediated • Carrier type volume
- 21. What I need to know now • RDA test report available June 2011 • LC’s implementation decision to be announced at ALA June 2011 (at earliest) • Partner libraries implementation decisions announced July – Sept 2011? • Implementation period? 2nd quarter 2012? Timeline
- 22. MARC changes for RDA Summarised http://www.loc.gov/marc/RDAinMARC29.html 040 $e rda 336-338 for Content, carrier & media types more fields with $e and $4 for relator terms & codes extra options in some fixed fields (e.g. 008/20 Format of music now has h – chorus score; i – condensed score; j – performer-conductor part)
- 23. RDA in New Zealand Toolkit access available through EPIC http://epic.org.nz/the-databases/all- databases/rda NLNZ cataloguers reviewing core elements, options, alternatives & LC policy statements To be posted on DescribeNZ
- 24. Sources for RDA Describe NZ http://www.describe.org.nz/ Australian Committee on Cataloguing RDA page http://www.nla.gov.au/lis/stndrds/grps/a coc/rda.html RDA http://www.rda-jsc.org/ RDA Toolkit http://www.rdatoolkit.org/
Editor's Notes
- Each set of rules has two main sections, but the basis for these sections is very different. AACR2 is based on the type of resource, whereas RDA is based on the type of data.
- Reason for differences in structure is because based on FRBR Major change from AACR2 is the focus on the value of the data to the user. Rules throughout RDA identify the objectives e.g. “Data recorded to reflect relationships to persons … associated with a resource should enable the user to find all resources associated with a particular person … “ Rule 18.2 The user tasks are part of the FRBR model The attributes are attributes of works, etc. and attributes of persons families and corporate bodies The relationships are relationships between works and persons etc. as well as relationships between resources e.g. libretto of an opera Discrete data elements are very important. If the data is explicit, it can be manipulated for indexing and display. RDA is not a display standard
- Core elements cover sufficient information to identify a resource. The core if elements apply only in certain circumstances e.g. Date of distribution is a core element if the date of publication is not identified.
- If you are following any of the cataloguing lists you might think that abandoning abbreviations and copying directly mean that the cataloguing sky has fallen!
- These 3 elements replace the General Material Designation. They are new fields in MARC and can be recorded as either terms or codes. Because RDA is a content standard but not a display standard there is nothing in RDA to suggest how these data elements should be presented. They could be text or symbols or icons or not displayed at all. The important thing is that the data is there.
- This means that all statements that indicate a particular version of a score are treated as edition statements. Previously for scores the treatment would depend on the presentation of the information. Sometimes there would be a musical presentation statement, sometimes an edition statement and sometimes a statement of responsibility.
- Major change – all notated music is a score or part – no more pages or volumes of music – affects extent elements Minor change – one term changed to another term 3. Major-ish change – short and close scores are now treated as types of condensed scores. Condensed score (aacr2) = score giving only principal parts on minimum no. of staves, organised by instrumental sections. Close score = score giving all parts on minimum no. of staves. Short score = sketch by composer for ensemble work – gives main features only. Simplifies the categories
- These elements are already well-known components of uniform titles for musical works. The difference with RDA is that they are distinct data elements in the record that describes the work as well as appearing in the heading
- The access point is the same as the RDA version of this access point. The difference here is that the 3 elements below can now be recorded in the authority record. The MARC format has been updated to include fields for these 3 elements in bibliographic and authority records.
- In AACR2 there are rules for adaptations of musical works and quite separately there are rules for sound recordings that consider the role of the performer. RDA brings these together. Category d) in the slide relates to the rules for main entry of sound recordings and the other rules are under main entry rules for printed music.
- These records have been taken from the RDA test records on OCLC. The test participants are required to create both AACR2 and RDA versions of the records
- This record is in LC’s online catalogue, but I have tweaked it slightly to show the relationship designators which are part of RDA. Note that the form of notation is always recorded. This is a change from AACR2 and is a reflection of the idea that in RDA we don’t assume a norm that people (& machines) are just supposed to know.
- Partner libraries are NLA, Libraries and Archives Canada and the British Library.
- These changes will need to be implemented in your library system. How this is done varies between systems and between libraries – in some places the tag tables and indexes are changed by systems staff within libraries, in other cases the system vendor does the updating centrally
- We are going through the RDA rules and looking at the core elements. We are also examining the LC policy statements for RDA (which are included as links in the RDA toolkit) and drafting our responses to these. So far we are generally in agreement with the LC choices, however we may end up with some variations around dual language materials. We have also been looking at the rules that includes phrases such as “If it is considered important” and trying to tease out situations where we (NLNZ) would consider it important to add the particular data element. We have found this to be very useful, but also very time-consuming, so the extension of the timeline will make this task easier for us.
- NLNZ has been posting on the DescribeNZ wiki. Because the Australians are represented on the JSC for the development of RDA they do get information a little ahead of the rest of us so this is a good site to follow as well. They’ve just updated their webpage and it’s got some good information.