1. Pornprom Ateetanan
Deputy Director
NSTDA Academy
http://www.NSTDAacademy.com
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1
Sep 18, 2011
Mobile and Wireless Information System
1. Introductory Aspects of Mobile Computing and
Applications
2. The Wireless Revolution
3. Integrating Wireless Technology in Business
4. Wireless Technology: An Entrepreneurial
View
2

2. INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE
COMPUTING
3
Introduction to Mobile Computing
“information at any time, any place, and in any form.
Whether in the office, at home or virtually any
place on earth.”
“mobile computing is the use of computers in a non-
static environment.”
“mobile computing is associated with mobility of
hardware, data and software in computer
applications.”
“The combination of mobile computers and wireless
communications is promoting the evolution of
information technologies to enable an environment
that is often called nomadic/ubiquitous
computing.” 4

3. Ubiquity
3
Anytime Anyplace Anyhow
5
Mobile Computing – an evolution
Primitive
Simple
Limited Capacity
Cumbersome
Unattractive
Sophisticated
Powerful
Complex
Refined
Elegant
6
Explain the mobile computing evolution and compare between them in the past and these days

4. Mobile Devices
Pagers
Mobile Telephone
Notebook/Laptop
PDA
Palmtop/Handheld
Hybrids (Technology Convergence)
Sensors/Embedded Controllers
Wearable Technology
7
Mobile Computing – an evolution
Advances in technology
• more computing power in smaller devices (mobile
chips)
• flat, lightweight displays with low power
consumption
• new user interfaces (due to smaller dimensions)
• more bandwidth per cubic meter
• multiple wireless interfaces: wireless LANs, wireless
WANs, IRDA, Bluetooth etc.
• battery/power improvements
Explain the main developments that have been done to mobile device to increase their ability
8

5. Mobile Computing – an evolution
Context/Location Sensitive Technology
computers are aware of their environment and adapt
(“location awareness”)
Technology Convergence
small, “cheap”, portable, combined, replaceable - no
more separate devices
9
Mobile Computing – a revolution
• Mobile Computing and Technology radically
changes how we do things
• The personal perspective (our private life)
• The organisational perspective (our working life)
• Mobile Computing and Technology is becoming
an integrated and expected part of our existence
• Would you give up the freedom of owning a
mobile phone?
• A luxury or a necessity?
10

6. Perceptions
and
Reality
11
Mobile Technology - Perceptions
12

7. Mobile Technology - Reality
Wireless Voice/Data Communications
Global Positioning Systems
Remote Imaging
Access to Information Systems
What are the main usage of mobile devices in reality ?
13
Mobile Computing Technologies
Systems
Integration Interface
Considerations
Communications, Applications/
Persistent Storage Connectivity and Network Programming
Media Infrastructure
Data Repositories/ Usability
Issues
Database Systems
14

8. Mobile Technology - Applications
• Location Based Systems
• User Requests - Pull
• Show me...
• Where am I and what’s near me?
• Where is the nearest…?
• Where are my friends/resources?
• Broadcasting - Push
• Did you know that…?
• intelligent travel guide with up-to-date
location dependent information
Location Based system is one of the applications of mobile, mention the 2 categories of how it is used 15
Mobile Technology Applications
• Vehicle tracking
16

9. Mobile Technology Applications
Navigation assistance
17
Mobile Technology Applications
Personnel/Asset tracking
Personal security services
Mobiles can be used in location based systems, state some examples about how to use them in such applications 18

10. Mobile Technology Applications
Entertainment
outdoor Internet access
ad-hoc networks for multi user games
MMS
19
Mobile Technology Applications
Emergencies
early transmission of patient data to the hospital,
current status, first diagnosis
replacement of a fixed infrastructures in case of
earthquakes, hurricanes, fire etc.
crisis, war, ...
20

11. Mobile Technology Applications
Health Care
21
Mobile Technology Applications
Mobile Office
Direct access to customer files stored in a central
location
consistent databases for all agents/clients
22

12. Mobile Technology Applications
Education
Enhancing the educational value for students in terms
of provision, availability and access to campus
Welcome to
information through the use of mobile and wireless The
Wireless
computing. Campus
Adopting mobile and wireless technology as
educational technology for the delivery of learning
support material.
Reminder:
Coursework
deadline on Fri.
Message sponsored by
Campus Bookshop
23
Mobile Technology Applications
Field/Knowledge Workers
24

13. Mobile Technology Applications
Mobile Commerce
The ability to purchase goods or services virtually
anywhere through a wireless Internet-enabled
device.
An e-commerce shopping model in which the mobile
phone / PDA replaces the PC.
25
Mobile Technology Applications
Your Applications?
26

14. Conclusion
• Mobile computing technology is becoming more
pervasive each day
• Mobile computing applications are capable of
delivering real business goals and objectives
27
Review Questions
• Explain the mobile computing evolution and compare
between them in the past and these days
• Explain the main developments that have been done to
mobile device to increase their ability
• What are the main usages of mobile devices in reality?
• Location Based system is one of the applications of
mobile, mention the 2 categories of how it is used
• Mobiles can be used in location based systems, state
some examples about how to use them in such
applications
• state some mobile applications.
28

15. THE WIRELESS REVOLUTION
29
Objectives
• Identify the principal wireless transmission media and
devices, cellular network standards and generations,
and standards for mobile Web access
• Describe the major standards for wireless networks
and for wireless Internet access
• Evaluate the role of m-commerce in business and
describe the most important m-commerce applications
• Assess the business value of wireless technology and
describe important wireless applications in business
• Identify and describe the challenges posed by wireless
technology and management solutions
30

16. Boston Public Library Case
Challenge: provide Internet access and services to
thousands of patrons in an historic one million
square foot building
Solution: Develop 802.11b (Wi-Fi) network with 70
access points providing Internet access to
patrons using wireless laptops and PDAs
Extend wireless network to adjacent park and to
library staff to enhance service levels
Illustrates the importance of wireless networking to
service customers at reasonable costs
31
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
The Wireless Revolution
• Mobile phones have become mobile platforms for
delivering digital data, used for recording and
downloading photos, video and music, Internet access,
and transmitting payments.
• An array of technologies provides high-speed wireless
access to the Internet for PCs and other wireless
handheld devices and cell phones.
• Businesses increasingly use wireless to cut costs,
increase flexibility, and create new products and
services.
32

17. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Mobile Versus Fixed-line Subscribers Worldwide
Source: International Telecommunications
Union, 2002 and 2003, and authors. Figure 9-1
33
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Business Value of Wireless Networking
• Wireless communication helps businesses easily stay
in touch with customers, suppliers, and employees.
• Wireless networking increases worker productivity and
output, as workers take less time to establish contact
with people and to access information.
• Companies can save on wiring offices, moving, and
making network changes by using wireless networks.
• Wireless technology has also been the source of new
products, services, and sales channels in a variety of
industries, e.g. OnStar, Starbucks “hot spots”.
34

18. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Wireless Transmission Media and Devices
• All wireless media rely on various parts of
the electromagnetic spectrum.
• Microwave systems transmit high-frequency
radio signals through the atmosphere.
• Communication satellites are used for
geographically dispersed organizations.
35
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Frequency Ranges for Communications Media and Devices
Figure 9-2
36

19. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Amoco’s Satellite Transmission System
Figure 9-3 37
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Devices for Wireless Transmission:
• Paging systems
• E-mail handhelds
• Cellular telephones
• Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
• Smart phones
38

20. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Cellular Network Standards and Generations
Standards:
• Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)
• Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
39
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Cellular Generations:
• 1G: Analog cellular networks for voice communication
• 2G: Digital wireless networks, primarily for voice
communication; limited data transmission capability
• 2.5G: Interim step toward 3G in the United States
• 3G: High-speed; mobile; supports video and other
rich media; always-on transmission for e-mail, Web
browsing, instant messaging
40

21. THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Mobile Wireless Standards for Web Access
• Wireless Application Protocol (WAP): Uses Wireless
Markup Language (WML) and microbrowsers
• I-mode: Uses compact HTML and allows for continuous
connection
41
THE WIRELESS COMPUTING LANDSCAPE
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) versus I-mode
Figure 9-4
42

22. WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
established a hierarchy of complementary standards for
wireless computer networks.
Global Wireless Network Standards:
• IEEE 802.15 (Bluetooth) for the Personal Area Network
(PAN)
• IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) for the Local Area Network (LAN)
• IEEE 802.16 (WiMax) for the Metropolitan Area Network
(MAN)
• IEEE 802.20 (proposed) standard for the Wide Area
Network (WAN)
43
WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
Bluetooth
• Can link up to 8 devices in 10-m area
• Low power requirements
44

23. WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
Wi-Fi
• Three standards: 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g
• Infrastructure mode: Devices use access point to
communicate with wired network
• Ad-hoc mode (peer-to-peer): Wireless devices
communicate directly with each other
45
WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
A Bluetooth Network (PAN)
Figure 9-5
46

24. WIRELESS COMPUTER NETWORKS AND INTERNET ACCESS
An 802.11 Wireless LAN
Figure 9-6
47
M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
• M-commerce: The use of the Internet for purchasing
goods and services and also for transmitting
messages using wireless mobile devices
• Mobile computing: Enables internet-enabled cell
phones, PDAs, and other wireless computing
devices to access digital information on the Internet
from any location
48

25. M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
M-Commerce Services and Applications
• Information-based services: Instant messaging, e-mail,
searching for a movie or restaurant using a cell phone or
handheld PDA
• Transaction-based services: Purchasing stocks, concert tickets,
music, or games; searching for the best price for an item using a
cell phone and buying it in a physical store or on the Web
• Personalized services: Services that anticipate what a customer
wants based on that person’s location or data profile, such as
updated airline flight information or beaming coupons for nearby
restaurants
49
M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
Customer Personalization with the Ubiquitous Internet
Figure 9-8
50

26. M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
Accessing Information from the Wireless Web
• Wireless portals: Content and services optimized for smaller screens of
mobile devices to steer users to the information they are most likely to
need
• Voice portals: Accept voice commands for accessing Web content, e-
mail, and other electronic applications from a cell phone or standard
telephone
51
M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
Digital Payment Systems and M-Commerce
• Micropayment system
o Individual service providers run their own separate
payment systems
o Small payments added on to single bill
• Stored payment system
o Cell phone equipped with smart card storing
rechargeable electronic cash
• Mobile Wallets (m-Wallets): Store personal data to use in
online transactions
52

27. M-COMMERCE AND MOBILE COMPUTING
M-Commerce Challenges
• Slow data transfer speeds on second-generation cellular
networks, resulting in higher costs to customer
Limited memory and power supplies
• More Web sites need to be designed specifically for small
wireless devices.
• Keyboards and screens on cell phones are still tiny and
awkward to use.
53
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Applications for Customer Relationship Management
Wireless CRM enables sales and field service professionals
to:
• Access customer account records and information
at any time or location
• Update customer accounts and deal information to
update customer database instantaneously
Receive alerts to important events
Enter, perform, and update transactions and product
information
54

28. WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Pitney Bowes’s Wireless CRM System
Figure 9-9
55
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Supply Chain Management (SCM)
and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
• Wireless supply chain management systems:
Provide simultaneous accurate information about
demand, supply, production, and logistics as
goods move among supply chain partners
• Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems:
Provide a powerful technology for tracking the
movement of goods throughout the supply chain
56

29. WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
How RFID Works
Figure 9-10
57
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless in Health Care
Wireless Applications:
• Electronic Medical Record (EMR) retrieval
• Wireless note taking for patient charts
• Lab test results
• Prescription generation
• Medical databases
58

30. WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
Wireless Sensor Networks and Pervasive Computing
• Wireless sensor networks (WSNs): Networks of
interconnected wireless devices that are embedded
into the physical environment to provide
measurements of many points over large spaces
• Pervasive computing: Wireless technologies are
pushing computing into every facet of life, including
cars, homes, office buildings, tools and factories;
providing connections anywhere and anytime.
59
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE ENTERPRISE
A Wireless Sensor Network
Figure 9-11
Source: From Jason Hill, Mike Horton, Ralph King, and Lakshman Krishnamurthy, “The Platforms Enabling Wireless Sensor
Networks,” Communications of the ACM 47, no. 6 (June 2004). 60

31. MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES, AND SOLUTIONS
Management Opportunities:
Wireless technology offers:
• Flexible business processes
• Business processes not limited by time or space
• New channel for communicating with client
• Source of new products and services
61
MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES,
CHALLENGES, AND SOLUTIONS
Management Challenges:
• Integrating wireless technology into the
firm’s IT infrastructure
• Maintaining security and privacy
62

32. MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES,
CHALLENGES, AND SOLUTIONS
Solution Guidelines:
The following are some of the guidelines for managing
mobile technology in the enterprise:
• Identifying areas in which wireless can provide
value
• Creating a management framework for wireless
technology
• Using a pilot program before full-scale rollout of
wireless systems
63
INTEGRATING WIRELESS
TECHNOLOGY IN BUSINESS
64

33. Talking points
1. Explain the business benefits of using wireless
technology
2. Describe the wireless trends that benefit
consumers and businesses
65
BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR A
MOBILE WORKFORCE
• Companies worldwide are going wireless to
increase productivity, speed delivery to market,
and reduce operating costs
• Wireless transmissions rely on radio waves,
microwaves, and satellites to send data across
high frequency radio ranges that later connect
to wired media
66

34. BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR A
MOBILE WORKFORCE
• The terms mobile and wireless are
often used synonymously, but actually
denote two different technologies
• Mobile means the technology can travel
with the user, but it is not necessarily in
real-time
• Wireless gives users a live (Internet)
connection via satellite or radio
transmitters 67
BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY
68

35. BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR A
MOBILE WORKFORCE
69
BUSINESS DRIVERS FOR A
MOBILE WORKFORCE
70

36. MOBILE WORKFORCE TRENDS
• Social networking gets mobilized
• Mobile TV
• Multi-function devices become cheaper and
more versatile
• Location-based services
• Mobile advertising
• Wireless providers move into home
entertainment
• Wireless security moves to the forefront
• Enterprise mobility
71
CASE: Social Networks
1. Are Facebook, MySpace and LinkedIn using
disruptive or sustaining technology to run
their businesses?
2. What are some of the business challenges
facing social networking sites?
3. What are the characteristics of a social
network?
72

37. CASE: Social Networks
4. What security issues do social networking
sites create?
5. What are some current social networking
trends?
6. How can social networking sites generate
revenue beyond selling banner and text ads?
73
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY
AN ENTREPRENEURIAL
VIEW
74

38. Wireless Explosion
Wireless Markets Are Dynamic
• Growth markets in wireless technology
include:
• Digital Mobile Telephony
• Wireless Ethernet (802.11x)
• Wireless Mobile Hand held computers
• GPRS
• Convergence is happening in wireless first
• Integrated voice and data
WHY?
75
Why So Much Wireless Activity?
“Wireless technology provides real solutions to
real problems that consumers are willing to pay
for. End of story!”
76

39. An Entrepreneurial Approach
• First of all having a vision is essential.
• Secondly technology is good…
• But technology alone is insufficient
• Thirdly, think beyond the hype.
• What is really needed?
• What will actually work? Can it actually be
built?
• Who is the customer and how much are they
willing to pay?
• Identify what can be leveraged
• Time to market, technology barrier, etc. 77
Vision
Exploring The Possibilities
• Ubiquitous Wireless Service
• Quality, integrated wireless services everywhere
• Fully integrated services and devices
• Media integration Voice, Video and Data
• Service integration – email, vmail, document access,
etc.
• Integrated devices and integrated device
communication
• Security differentiation
• Better than “legacy” wired communication mediums.
• New and improved devices and interfaces
78

40. Reality
Business and Technical Challenges
• Infrastructure is inadequate
• Capacity is constrained, bandwidth limited
• Frequency spectrum is rationed
• Stringent investment community standards
• Un-profitable businesses are punished
• Un-profitable IPOs are a thing of the past
• Venture capital setting a higher bar
• Requiring experience, competitive barrier, and
profitability
• Established vendors/operators are playing it safe
• Tending towards small, evolutionary steps
79
Reality
Network Operators Under The Gun
• Subscriber revenues are declining
• Willing to pay less each year for commodity services
• Specifically Internet access and mobile phone
services
• Operators want new billable services to add
• Appetite for investment in capacity is low
• Need to leverage capacity that exists
• Operators want new, billable services…
• Without having to invest significantly in infrastructure!
80

41. Categorizing Opportunities
• Disruptive
• Obsoletes existing technology
• Digital Mobile Telephony replaced analog
• 802.11x
• Evolutionary
• Enhancements to existing technology
• 802.11a – increased bandwidth over 802.11b
• Text Messaging added to digital telephony
• Integration
• Combining technology to create new product offerings
81
Opportunities
Enhancing Existing Services…
• Video/Satellite broadcast
• Adding bi-directional data flow and interactivity
• Mobile Telephony
• Better Service by improving range, density, quality
• Integration with data
• Wireless Packet Networking
• Reduce power, increase range, integrate security
82

42. Opportunities
Practical Solutions
• Short haul consumer market
• Eliminate wires: Infra-red, Blue Tooth, etc.
• Integrated wireless links between devices
• Security Enhancement and integration
• Simplification of administration
• Integration of encryption/authentication/policy mgt.
• Client/End user
• Power reduction, Miniaturization and cost reduction
• Display enhancement
83
Opportunities
Next Generation
• Broadband Wireless
• Convergence of voice, video and data
• Broadcast media integration
• Integration of satellite and terrestrial networks
The Final Realization Of The Wireless
Vision!
84

43. Rules For Success
Increasing Density and Capacity
• “Capacity problems are best solved by increasing
capacity”
• Spectrum limitations must be solved
• Band aid solutions are not sustainable
• Many solutions intrude on neighboring
vendors/networks/solutions
• Increasing spectrum is the ONLY long term solution
• Bandwidth constraints
• Best solved with added capacity
• QOS only helps when congestion has already occurred
• Customers don’t pay more for better class of service
• They simply change vendors until they’re happy
85
Rules For Success
Wireless Security
• “Encryption in and of itself, is not security.”
• Essential security components need development
• Service Permissions
• Who gets access to what data and services?
• Authentication
• Are you really who you say you are?
• Network protocol and data security
• Is someone watching your activities?
• Can your key be hacked?
• Can your network session be spoofed?
• Integrated management and account administration
• Administrator must easily add, delete and change accounts
86

44. Rules For Success
Simplification
• “Do not expose the customer to technical complexity.”
• Example: Early Deployments of DSL
• Difficult to deploy
• Complex to manage
• Capacity constrained
• Resulted customer dissatisfaction
• 3G – can we avoid another DSL experience?
• New, complex services vs better existing service?
• Capacity is still constrained
• Japan’s 3G killer app – free text messaging
• Vodaphone’s difficulties in deployment in Europe
87
Rules For Success
Sizing Development Efforts
• “ Keep tasks bounded and well defined.”
• Clearly defined development effort
• Believable schedules
• Sensible staff requirements
• Integration with existing platforms
• Well defined interfaces are essential
88

45. • 2.5G-3G will prevail
• It’s a logical incremental, evolutionary step
• Will people really pay more for 3G services?
• WI FI will evolve into a service
• Technology hurdles are surmountable
• It’s here, it works and it’s simple
• Integrators will seize this opportunity
• At some point broadband wireless will happen
• And it will evolve out of 2.5G and Wi Fi
The industry will evolve on a path of least
resistance
89
Summary
Having a vision is better than not having one!
Having the correct vision is even better
Hype generates media attention, not profits
Wireless broadband can and will happen
Enabled by existing technology and integration
Simplicity will prevail
Packet based networks
Intuitive, useful services, available on appropriate
devices
Services that are easily managed and billed for
90

46. References
1. Software Development for Mobile Computing
Applications, Staffordshire University , UK
2. Management Information Systems, Chapter 9 The
Wireless Revolution , @2006 Prentice Hall
3. Integrating Wireless Technology in Business,
Business Driven Technology by Baltzan, Phillips
4. Wireless Technology - An Entrepreneurial View,
Michael Hathaway, Venture Partner, Austin
Ventures
91
This Concludes Today’s Presentation
Thank you for your attention
92