for ncm103 students only

1. OVERVIEW OF PHARMACODYNAMICS Pia C. Campo, RPh

6. RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS Agonist Receptor Agonist-Receptor Interaction Lock and key mechanism

7. RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS Receptor Perfect Fit! Induced Fit

8. RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS Antagonist Receptor Antagonist-Receptor Complex DENIED! Competitive Inhibition

9. RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS Agonist Receptor Antagonist ‘ Inhibited’-Receptor DENIED! Non-competitive Inhibition

19. DRUG RECEPTORS Nuclear receptors Steroid hormones Thyroid hormone 4 Enzyme-linked receptors Insulin Growth factors 3 G-Protein coupled receptors Slow transmission e.g. norephinephrine 2 Ligand gated ion chanels Fast neurotransmittors e.g. acetylcholine 1 STRUCTURE ENDOGENOUS LIGAND SUPERFAMILY

43. TIME - RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS Latency Duration of Response Maximal (Peak) Effect Effect/ Response Time

44. TIME - RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS Effect/ Response Time IV SC IM

46. POTENCY Effect Dose A B Which drug is more potent? A! Why? Therapeutic Effect

48. DOSE - RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS Which drug has the lower threshold dose? Effect Dose A B Which has the greater maximum effect? A B Therapeutic Effect

51. THERAPEUTIC INDEX Why don’t we use a drug with a TI <1? ED50 < LD50 = Very Bad!

52. PHASES AFFECTING DRUG ACTIVITY Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion I – Pharmaceutical Phase II – Pharmacokinetic Phase III – Pharmacodynamic Phase Administration Drug available for absorption Drug available for action EFFECT Disintegration of dosage form Dissolution of drug Drug-receptor Interaction Dose of formulated drug

54. THANK YOU.