1. Sensor Network Deployment
and
Development Sun SPOT
Paul Peng Deng

2. Agenda
• Sensor Network Analyzer
– WSN characteristics
– WSN deployment challenges
– SNA introduction
– Conclusion and future development
• Sun SPOT
– What is Sun SPOT
– Applications
– A simple tutorial
– Conclusion
2

3. 3

4. ā ē
Daintree /’dāntrē’/ - rainforest, river and township in far
north Queensland (Aus).
• Founded in 2003
• Leading provider of tools and platforms for
development, management and operation of
wireless embedded networks
• Located in Fremont, California
• R&D Facilities in Melbourne,
Australia
• Distributor in
key regions in Asia and Europe
4

5. WSN Characteristics
• Limited power, multi-hop communication
• Ability to cope with node failures
• Dynamic network topology
• Communication failures
• Heterogeneity of nodes
• Large scale of deployment
• …
5

6. WSN Deployment Challenges
“How do II integrate this
“How do integrate this
“Development takes
“Development takes network with my
network with my
too long”
too long” enterprise?”
enterprise?”
“How do II install &
“How do install &
commission my network?” “How do II manage
“How do manage
commission my network?”
security?”
security?”
“A network in the field
“A network in the field
stops working - how do II
stops working - how do “Some routes work better
“Some routes work better
run diagnostics?”
run diagnostics?” than others - II want my
than others - want my
networks to take advantage
networks to take advantage
of these.”
of these.”
“I want to add new features
“I want to add new features
to networks in the field.”
to networks in the field.”
6

7. WSN Deployment Challenges
Pre-Deployment: Planning
• Buildings can have dozens to
thousands of wireless devices.
• Placement, multi-path
planning, interference testing,
gateways-per-floor, subnets
and install-BOM are all issues.
• Pre-test is often required to
validate planning prior to on-
site delivery
• “Network health” rules
important to validate, once on-
site, that network is well-
constructed.
• Feedback of “real-world” data
is valuable for future plans
7

8. WSN Deployment Challenges
Deployment: Commissioning
• Field personnel are rarely, if
ever, experts in protocols.
• Needs to support both on-site
(Laptop, PDA) and off-site
(remote NOC) use cases.
• Needs to support mixed-mode
(installer vs. provisioner)
• Test mode(s) necessary to
validate install and “network
health” rules.
• Must support both difficult-to-
access and easy-to-access
devices.
• Biggest Challenge: mapping
device identity & location
8

9. WSN Deployment Challenges
Post-Deployment: Monitor
• Field/NOC personnel need
easy red/yellow/green type
monitoring visualization and
diagnostic tools.
• Unobtrusive data gathering
required to conserve
battery.
• “Network Health” rules need
to generate alarms when
non-conformant.
• Remote Access critical for
expert support, diagnostics.
• Multiple people/sites need
to have visibility
simultaneously.
• Need fairly rich set of
diagnostic statistics. 9

10. WSN Deployment Challenges
Post-Deployment: Manage
• Devices have security models
and so do people.
• Network performance may
change due to new elements -
dynamic management required.
• Device replacement needs to
be easy while maintaining all of
the existing-network setup.
• Devices are ideally self-locating
and/or will advertise their
location to field personnel.
• New device capability needs to
be upload-able easily.
• Battery power needs to be
maximized with dynamic info.
10

11. Sensor Network Analyzer
11

12. Overview
Industry’s most comprehensive solution for
ZigBee™ and 802.15.4 testing, analysis, post
development (commissioning, management, etc)
– Extend traditional protocol analysis with powerful visual
network analysis.
– Multi-node capture for large and physically distributed
networks.
– Ease of use features to accelerate troubleshooting tasks.
– Supports an extensive range of chipset evaluation
boards/hardware.
– Committed to standard-based development and
commissioning.
12

13. Analyze
• Gain complete information about
your network
• Save time and effort
– Find packets of interest quickly.
– Full protocol decoding to the latest specs.
– Security key auto-detection
– Powerful filters to help search through many
thousands of packets.
– Timeline view for rapid identification of events
of interest based on time.
– Color coding for identification based on
protocol.
• Analyze new or custom application
profiles
• Navigate and share large amounts
of data Comprehensive Protocol Analysis. Packet lists, decodes and timelines,
– Add breakpoints during live capture. Replay, integrated with powerful filtering tools provide comprehensive packet-based
analysis.
step, fast forward to events of interest.
– Save and share capture files.
– Save and restore an entire session.
13

14. Visualize
• Obtain new perspective thru
multiple network views/layout.
• Monitor the network
– Find and examine devices using
discovery tools.
– Obtain device types and states info.
– Discover network both passively or thru
active analysis
• Customizable visual network
layouts
• Analyze routing and application
behaviors. Visualization. Visual
displays show network
and device behavior.
• Examine internal device Here, a visual layout
using a floor plan
information, and overlay different (above) and a radial
views for better device behavior tree view are used to
observe the network.
analysis.
14

15. Measure
• For reliable networking, performance measurements are used to ensure network and
device designs meet requirements.
• Measurements such as packet counts, packet delay, successful routes and packet
losses provide important information about device reliability and network design.
• Daintree’s measurement system
provides performance measurement
information numerically and visually.
Visual Measurements. Measurements can be
shown on the visual displays. Here, the number of
packets transmitted by devices and end-to-end
latency on packet routes (1ms), are shown.
Numerical Measurements. Numerical measurements provide over 30 measurements
in 4-20 different formats each. Here, the retransmission ratio, the number packets
15
transmitted, packet throughput, end-to-end latency and packet loss are shown.

16. Commission
• Simplify configuration and
commissioning during development
and deployment/operation.
• Use the SNA as a commissioning
tool, trust centre, router and end
device.
• Commission start-up parameters
(channel, security keys, etc.)
• Start/Join networks using ZigBee
• Discover overall network structure
• OTA device configuration and
update.
16

17. Multi-node and Multi-channel Capture
• Multi-channel capture
– Multiple devices listen on different radio
channels
– Multiple networks or frequency hopping
network
• Multi-node capture
– Simultaneously capture communication on same channel
– Duplicated message filter out automatically
– Nodes are distributed in large area
17

18. Future…support more protocols
• 6LoWPAN (IPv6 over Low power WPAN)
• TinyOS v1.x and v2.x
• ISA100
• WirelessHART (industrial plant applications)
• ……
• Customize and decode your own protocol
through simple XML definition
18

19. Q&A
19

20. Sun SPOT
20

21. The Timeline of WSN
Microsoft: Smart Personal Objects Technology
Sun: Small Programmable Object Technology
21

22. What is Sun SPOT
• Embedded Development Platform
– Flexible hardware and software
• Easy to program – Java top to bottom
– User programs the device entirely in Java
– Using standard Java tools
• Connected – Wireless Communication
– Mesh networking
– Over the Air Programming
• Mobile
– Built in battery charged through USB
• Aware and Active
– Able to sense and affect surroundings
• Secure
– Built-in asymmetric cryptography
• Open Source
22
– Software -- Hardware

23. Sun SPOT Hardware
2.4 GHz IEEE
802.15.4
Antenna
Radio Module
180 MHz 32 bit
512K RAM
ARM920T core 4M Flash
USB interface
with
Daughter board mini-B connector
connector
23
Power switch

24. Sun SPOT Hardware [cont.]
8 3-colors LEDs Switches
Light sensor 3-D
Accelerometer
Analog in 4-5 Temperature
sensor and
A/D converter
Digital I/O 0-3 Analog inputs
Replicated switches Digital I/O quot;Highquot; current outputs
24

25. Sun SPOT Software
• Squawk Virtual Machine
– J2ME CLDC 1.1 (cellphone without display)
– Runs on bare metal (No OS)
– Designed for memory constrained devices
– Runs multiple applications (concurrently)
• IDE Supported
– NetBeans, Eclipse, …… any IDE you familiar with
25

26. Applications
26

27. Applications
Autonomous Deployment
27

28. Applications
Robot
28

29. Applications
Swarms
Autonomous Light Air Vessels
•Cell phone vibration motor to propel
•Roam around to find friend or seek food
•Spinning together
•Feed them
29

30. Applications
Mike’s Flying Bike
Flying and Exercise!
Sun SPOT + Google Earth Flight Simulator
30

31. Applications
SPOTkin
Sun SPOT + Pumpkin?
31

32. My Projects
Game Panel
Sun SPOT + Never Ball
32

33. My Projects
Virtual Earth Controller
The earth is on your palm
Sun SPOT + NASA World Wind
33

34. My Projects
Gesture Recognition
Facts:
1.Multi-attributes; 2. Data stream
Challenges:
1.Recognition; 2. Segmentation
Solutions:
1.Machine Learning; 2. Threshold+std dev
Accuracy: 17% ~ 97%
34

35. Simple Tutorial
Get Data From Sun SPOT
PC
PC
(Processing)
(Processing)
Sun SPOT
Sun SPOT
Base Station
Base Station
Sun SPOTs
Sun SPOTs
35

36. Simple Tutorial [cont.]
Get Data From Sun SPOT
Sensor Side App: 9 lines of code!
private IAccelerometer3D accel = EDemoBoard.getInstance().getAccelerometer();
private ITemperatureInput tempSensor = EDemoBoard.getInstance().getADCTemperature();
private ILightSensor lightSensor= EDemoBoard.getInstance().getLightSensor();
String msg = String.valueOf(accel.getAccelX())+quot;;quot;+
String.valueOf(accel.getAccelY())+quot;;quot;+
String.valueOf(accel.getAccelZ())+quot;;quot;+
String.valueOf(tempSensor.getCelsius())+quot;;quot;+
String.valueOf(lightSensor.getValue());
RadiogramConnection conn =(RadiogramConnection)Connector.open(quot;radiogram://0014.4F01.0000.1455:100quot;);
Datagram dg = conn.newDatagram(conn.getMaximumLength());
dg.writeUTF(msg);
conn.send(dg);
conn.close();
36

37. Simple Tutorial [cont.]
Get Data From Sun SPOT
Host Side App: 6 lines of code!
RadiogramConnection conn = (RadiogramConnection) Connector.open(quot;radiogram://:100quot;);
Datagram dg = conn.newDatagram(conn.getMaximumLength());
conn.receive(dg);
String rawData = dg.readUTF();
System.out.println(rawData);
conn.close();
DONE!
37

38. Conclusion
• Usage
– Rapid prototype development
– Experiment
– Education
• Not ready for commercial deployment
– Lacks support
– Constraints (Battery)
• Future development
– Get support from sensor providers like J2ME supported by
mobile phone companies
– …
38

39. Thank you
Paul Peng Deng
Research Assistant
SUM Research Lab
CSSE University of Melbourne
Daintree Networks R&D
39
November 14, 2008