Demonstrate and discuss Simple Aerial Photography Mapping with Balloons or Kites. Aerial photomaps can be very useful for EWB teams for their projects and the communities they work with. Example applications include: Community Planning, Site Planning, Land boundary adjudication, Agricultural planning, Ecological evaluations such as counting species, map mapping vegetation and habitat, etc. Document changes such as cutting of rain forest clearing of land, etc. We'll cover how to do the mapping, covering what's needed to take the images and use software to stitch them together into a single photomap and georegister the photomap to tie it into Google Earth imagery. Weather permitting, we'll go outside and fly kites or balloons to take pictures and afterwards make and share the map.

1. Simple,
Inexpensive
Aerial
Photography
Mapping
with
Balloons
or
Kites
Engineers
Without
Borders
West
Coast
Regional
Workshop
2011
Patrick
Coyle,
EWB-­‐SFP;
Grassroots
Mapping,
Public
Laboratory
for
Open
Technology
and
Science,
Belize
Open
Source
-­‐
Sustainable
Development
October
22,
2011

2. Agenda
• Why
bother?
Aerial
photomaps
can
be
very
useful
• Community,
Site
and
Project
Planning;
Agricultural/
Ecological
planning,
evaluaGon
• How?
In
summary,
what’s
needed?
• Equipment,
SoKware,
Supplies,
Materials
• Step-­‐by-­‐step
guide
• Examples
from
community
of
users
• DemonstraGon
–
let’s
fly!
• Jeff
Warren,
Grassroots
• Stop
by
aKer
–
see
results,
Q&A
Mapping,
produced
community
maps
in
Lima,
Peru
with
children
and
adults

3. Step-­‐by-­‐step
guide
• Decide
what
you
want
to
do,
produce
and
deliver;
thinking
this
through
will
help
to
define
the
requirements
For
example,
here
is
Coyle’s
preliminary
set
of
requirements:
• Take
detailed
aerial
photos
of
the
Belize
Open
Source
Sustainable
Development
40-­‐acre
property
with
enough
detail
that
individual
trees
are
clear
• Cover
the
site
with
overlapping
images
and
use
soKware
to
sGtch
them
together
into
a
single
photomap
and
georegister
it
to
Google
Earth
imagery
of
the
property
• Tag
the
individual
photos
with
GPS
data
to
geo-­‐reference
them
for
viewing
on
Google
Maps,
Google
Earth,
or
for
use
with
other
applicaGons
• Develop
methods
to
use
the
photomaps
for
work
planning,
tracking
progress
and
communicaGng
results
to
encourage
parGcipaGon
in
the
iniGaGve.
Document
the
approach
and
techniques
• Apply
the
method
to
other
community
mapping
iniGaGves
and
make
it
available
for
other
users
like
EWB
and
schools
and
communiGes
in
Belize

4. What’s
needed?
• Digital
camera
with
ability
to
take
photos
automaGcally
(at
few-­‐second
intervals
or
conGnuously
(~1
per
second))
• GPS
tracking
unit
(opGonal,
where
needed)
• Package
to
house
and
protect
the
camera
and
GPS
unit
• Balloon
or
kite
with
enough
liK
capability
to
carry
the
camera,
GPS
unit,
housing
and
sufficient
tether
line
to
reach
height
of
interest
for
the
photographs
• Safe
area
to
test
the
system
and
process
• Safe
approach
to
use
the
process
in
the
field
• Capability
to
process
the
data
and
present
the
results
• Approach
to
discuss
and
use
the
results

5. A
complete
grassroots
mapping
kit

6. Illustrated
Guide
(By
Jeffrey
Warren)

7. Illustrated
Guide
(cont.)

8. Illustrated
Guide
(cont.)

9. Illustrated
Guide
(cont.)

10. Illustrated
Guide
(cont.)

11. Illustrated
Guide
(cont.)

12. “Neogeographic”
approach
to
inexpensive
oil
spill
mapping
• In
late
April
2010,
the
Deepwater
Horizon
oil
rig
exploded
and
sank
in
the
Gulf
of
Mexico,
iniGaGng
what
may
be
one
of
the
worst
environmental
disasters
in
U.S.
history
• As
the
spill
grew
in
size,
Jeffrey
Warren
and
Stewart
Long
collaborated
with
the
Louisiana
Bucket
Brigade,
a
New
Orleans-­‐based
environmental
non-­‐profit
group,
and
began
a
volunteer-­‐led
aerial
mapping
project
to
document
the
spill’s
effects
• The
maps
use
orthorecGfied
photographs
of
key
affected
sites
processed
into
GeoTIFFs
and
Gled
map
services
(TMS)
-­‐
the
public
domain
photographs,
taken
from
balloons
or
kites,
are
among
the
highest
resoluGon
imagery
available
of
the
spill

13. Oil
Spill
Mapping
Kits
• The
mapping
kits
themselves,
assembled
for
less
than
$300
each,
consisted
of:
•
an
8-­‐foot
weather
balloon
•
a
tank
of
helium
•
2000
feet
of
string
•
an
inexpensive,
consumer
grade
digital
camera
•
half
of
a
soda
bonle
•
a
large
kite
•
GPS
logger
(opGonal)

14. Oil
spill
mapping
approach
• ParGcipants
visit
an
affected
area,
fill
a
balloon
or
prepare
a
kite
depending
on
wind
condiGons,
and
send
the
camera
in
its
homemade
protecGve
enclosure
up
to
2000
feet
in
the
air
• By
walking
along
the
beach
or
moving
in
a
boat,
• Some
maps,
at
~
2-­‐3
cm
several
kilometers
of
nominal
resoluGon,
can
count
coastline
may
be
imaged
in
birds,
plants
and
other
features,
just
a
few
hours
even
idenGfy
bird
species

15. Oil
spill
mapping
trips
and
data
• Between
May
7
and
July
22,
2010
dozens
of
parGcipants
made
36
trips
to
gather
mapping
data,
averaging
almost
one
trip
every
other
day
• Only
one
trip
failed
to
return
with
imagery,
56%
of
the
trips
returned
with
"excellent"
or
"usable"
• This
is
a
case
where
the
low-­‐cost
data,
and
over
11,000
mapping
techniques
were
images
were
taken,
applied
to
a
real-­‐world
problem
mapping
conGnued
of
immediate
importance
through
January
2011

16. OrthorecGficaGon
(sGtching)
techniques
• Two
different
manual
processing
methods
have
accounted
for
the
bulk
of
the
mapping
for
Grassroots
Mapping
grassrootsmapping.org
to
date:
• Gonzo
Earth
Image
Processing
is
a
workflow
of
different
commercial
off-­‐the-­‐shelf
(COTS)
and
open-­‐source
GIS
and
digital
image
soKware
packages,
which
has
been
used
to
generate
dozens
of
maps
from
balloons,
kites,
remote
controlled
and
manned
aircraK
• Kniner
soKware
consists
of
a
free
web-­‐based
interface
for
users
to
upload
and
recGfy
images
from
a
web
browser
• Both
export
finished
maps
in
standard
formats
that
can
be
viewed
in
common
GIS
tools
and
integrated
into
exisGng
workflows

23. A
Grassroots
Mapping
collaboraGon
in
Georgia
• In
the
country
of
Georgia,
Grassroots
Mapping
techniques
were
used
alongside
more
tradiGonal
GPS-­‐based
approaches
by
the
OpenMapsCaucasus.org
effort
to
produce
a
public
domain
map
of
the
enGre
country

24. • A
map
of
MesGa,
in
the
SvaneG
region
of
Georgia.
The
map
spans
5.5
kilometers
and
was
captured
in
just
3
days
of
balloon
and
kite
mapping
with
local
OpenMapsCaucasus
staff
and
parGcipaGng
students

25. • Flight
paths
of
several
balloon
mapping
flights
in
MesGa,
Georgia,
during
a
3-­‐day
project
to
map
the
enGre
city
• The
pictured
flights
reached
1.4
kilometers
above
ground
level

26. Grassroots
Mapping
Belize
• Grassroots
Mapping
Belize
-­‐
Pat
Coyle
of
Belize
Open
Source
Sustainable
Development
is
planning
to
apply
these
techniques
to
detailed
mapping
of
a
40-­‐acre
property
in
northwest
Belize
and
for
other
community
mapping
iniGaGves
• To
date,
I
have
commissioned
the
mapping
tools
and
am
conGnuing
to
pracGce
the
techniques
in
the
Bay
Area

27. Site:
Belize
Open
Source
Sustainable
Development
• This
40-­‐acre
rural
property
is
located
in
northwestern
Belize
near
the
Mexican
and
Guatemala
borders
about
16
miles
from
Orange
Walk
Town,
between
the
villages
of
August
Pine
Ridge
and
San
• Google
Maps
shows
it,
but
unGl
Felipe
and
3.5
miles
to
Rio
recently,
two
more
clicks
in
and
Hondo
Belize/Mexico
you
ran
out
of
pixels
–
it’s
bener
border
now
belizeopensource.org

28. Planned
grassroots
mapping
program
in
Belize
• Start
with
iniGal
1-­‐2
week
trip
to
engage
schools,
develop
capabiliGes
and
make
iniGal
set
of
maps
(Belize
Open
Source
property,
August
Pine
Ridge
school
classrooms
and
surrounding
community,
and
others
associated
with
parGcipaGng
schools)
• Do
a
video
and
web
documentary
as
we
go,
in
context
of
a
plan
to:
• develop
capabiliGes,
• archive,
access
and
communicate
with
the
images,
• implement
training
through
classes
in
local
schools,
• with
ongoing
workshops
for
future
visitors
to
extend
techniques
and
map
more
of
the
country's
sites
of
interest
with
emphasis
on
community
needs
and
benefits
to
local
users,
as
well
as
some
the
gorgeous
sites
• Muffles
College
Environmental
Sciences
program
is
interested
in
parGcipaGng.
Jeff
Warren
and
Stewart
Long,
Public
Laboratory
for
Open
Technology
and
Science,
have
parGcipated
in
planning

29. Blanca Torres, principal of the August Pine Ridge school, wrote, “The aerial photo
mapping seems very interesting. I shared with my children and sisters the images
of our village … and they just loved them. … I welcome these opportunities where
I can involve my students in new learning experiences. I am very interested in
exposing them through your mapping project. We feel pride in having our
community appear in internet pages and more if we are involved in getting those
images.”

30. Richard Obratil, Chapter President, Project Manager/Site Engineer
EWB-Cleveland State University Chapter, wrote, “... here is a picture of the
building. I'm working on a price estimate to complete the project and am working
to email that off to the BNE Trust in the next couple of hours. One thing I need
some input on from the leadership is a prospective date for a building
inauguration, maybe in January 2012 before the Spring semester begins.”

31. • Balloon
test
flight
in
the
front
yard
with
neighbors

32. • Niles,
CA:
Google
Earth
imagery
shows
center
under
construcGon,
the
sGtched
map
shows
completed
facility

33. • PracGce
flight:
Angel
Island,
CA

35. • PracGce
flights:
Livermore,
CA

36. • Sunol,
CA:

37. R/C aircraft testing in San Diego with pilot John Shultz

38. hLp://mapkniLer.org/
• MapKniLer
is
a
free
and
open
source
tool
for
combining
and
posiQoning
images
in
geographic
space
into
a
composite
image
map

39. Get
Involved
• grassrootsmapping.org
and
publiclaboratory.org
provide
techniques
and
tools,
case
studies
• ParGcipate:
join
the
mailing
list
• Start
a
grassroots
mapping
project
• Apply
the
techniques
to
your
project

40. Grass
Roots
Mapping
Supporters
and
Collaborators
The Design Ecology group
at the MIT Media Lab
You

41. Let’s
fly;
stop
back
later:
for
results,
Q&A