4.18.24 Movement Legacies, Reflection, and Review.pptx
Rrv final neelima
1. A RESEARCH REPORT
ON
Customer preference of Brand while buying shampoo in Durg &
Bhilai Nagar Area.
Submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree
Master of Business Administration
Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai
Submitted by,
NEELIMA VERMA
MBA – Semester -2nd
(Session 2011-03-31)
Approved By, Guided By,
Dr. SUMITA DAVE Dr. A.V.RAO
Head of the Department Professor
Shri Shankaracharya Mahavidyalaya
Junwani, Bhilai (C.G.) - 490020
1
2. DECLARATION
I the undersigned solemnly declare that the report of the research work entitled “Customer
preference of brand while buying shampoo in Bhilai Nagar and Durg” area is based on my own
work carried out during the course of my study under the supervision of Dr.A.V.Rao.
I assert that the statements made and conclusions drawn are an outcome of my
research work. I further declare that to the best of my knowledge and belief the report does not
contain any part of any work which has been submitted for the award of MBA degree or any
other degree/diploma/certificate in this University or any other University of India or abroad.
_________________
(Signature of the Candidate)
NEELIMA VERMA
Enrollment No:AG8609
2
3. CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the work incorporated in the report “consumer preference of brand while
buying shampoo in Bhilai Nagar and Durg Area” is a record of research work carried out by
NEELIMA VERMA bearing Roll No.: 5373610106 under my/our guidance and supervision for
the part fulfillment for the award of MBA Degree of Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical
University, Bhilai (C.G.), India.
To the best of my knowledge and belief the thesis
i) Embodies the work of the candidate herself,
ii) Has duly been completed,
iii) Is up to the desired standard both in respect of contents and language for external
viva.
______
___________
(Signature of the Supervisor)
Dr. A.V.Rao
Professor
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4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:-
No task however small can be completed without proper encouragement. In this I am greatly
indebted to Dr. A.V.Rao, Professor for being of immense help to me and guiding me in the
right track and giving constructive suggestions during the entire work. Mere words will never
be able to express the feeling I feel towards him, who not stimulated the idea of undertaking
the project, but also interacted with me frequently giving valuable advice during critical stages
of work.
I also owe a special depth of gratitude to my friends who created a motivating
environment to work on this project and also helped me in understanding and reviewing major
concept from various point of views.
Finally I would like to be grateful to all those who directly or indirectly have been of great help
and obliged me with their support and have helped me in converting my collection of data and
information into a finely polished project.
Place: Bhilai NEELIMA VERMA
Date: M.B.A. IInd Semester
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5. TABLE OF CONTENT PAGE NO.
Declaration by the Student 2
Certificate from the Supervisor 3
Acknowledgments 4
Table of Content 5
Chapter 1. Introduction to the study 6 - 11
a. Research Background
b. Contributions
Chapter 2. Literature Review 12-16
Chapter 3. Research Methodology 17-22
a. Objectives
b. Data Collection
Chapter 4. Data Analysis and Results 23-30
a. Type of Analysis used
b. Results of the Analysis
Chapter 5. Findings of the study 31-32
Chapter 6. Recommendations 33-34
Chapter 7. Limitations 35-36
Chapter 8. Conclusions 37-39
References 40-41
Appendices 42-43
a. Research Progress Report
b. Questionnaire used
c. Any other appendix
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7. INTRODUCTION
Shampoo is a hair care product used for the removal of oils, dirt, skin particles, dandruff,
environmental pollutants and other contaminant particles that gradually build up in hair. The
goal is to remove the unwanted build-up without stripping out so much as to make hair
unmanageable.
Even though most modern shampoos include a conditioning component, shampooing is
frequently followed by the use of conditioners which ease combing and styling.
History
The word Shampoo in English is derived from Hindi chāmpo and dates to 1762. The Hindi
word referred to head massage, usually with some form of hair oil. Similar words also occur in
other North Indian languages. The word and the service of head massage were introduced to
Britain by a Bengali entrepreneur Sake Dean Mahomed. Dean Mahomed introduced the
practice to Basil Cochrane's vapour baths while working there in London in the early 1800s, and
later, together with his Irish wife, opened "Mahomed's Steam and Vapour Sea Water Medicated
Baths" in Brighton, England. His baths were like Turkish baths where clients received an Indian
treatment of champi (shampooing), meaning therapeutic massage. He was appointed
„Shampooing Surgeon‟ to both George IV and William IV.
In the 1860s, the meaning of the word shifted from the sense of massage to that of applying
soap to the hair. Earlier, ordinary soap had been used for washing hair.
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8. However, the dull film soap left on the hair made it uncomfortable, irritating, and unhealthy
looking.
During the early stages of shampoo, English hair stylists boiled shaved soap in water and
added herbs to give the hair shine and fragrance. Kasey Hebert was the first known maker of
shampoo, and the origin is currently attributed to him. Commercially made shampoo was
available from the turn of the century. A 1914 ad for Canthrox Shampoo in American Magazine
showed young women at camp washing their hair with Canthrox in a lake; magazine ads in
1914 by Rexall featured Harmony Hair Beautifier and Shampoo.
Specialized shampoos
Dandruff
Cosmetic companies have developed shampoos specifically for those who have dandruff.
These contain fungicides such as ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione and selenium sulfide which
reduce loose dander by killing Malassezia furfur. Coal tar and salicylate derivatives are often
used as well.
All-natural
Some companies use "all-natural," "organic," "botanical," or "plant-derived" ingredients (such as
plant extracts or oils), combining these additions with one or more typical surfactants. The
effectiveness of these organic ingredients is disputed.
Alternative shampoos, sometimes marketed as SLS-free, claim to have fewer harsh chemicals -
typically none from the sulfate family. They are sometimes claimed to be gentler on human hair.
India
In India, a variety of herbs and their extracts are used as shampoos. A very effective
shampoo is made by boiling soapnuts with dried gooseberry (amla) and a few other herbs,
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9. using the strained extract. This leaves the hair soft, shiny and manageable. Another
product used is the mustard cakes left after extraction of mustard oil.
SCENARIO OF THE INDIAN SHAMPOO MARKET
“X” shampoo has keratin treatment, “Y” shampoo has total nourishment while “Z” shampoo
rebuilds your damaged hair and control dandruff. Aggressive marketing and media blitz has
made it a frothy year for shampoo marketers. In one of the most remarkable demonstrations of
acceleration, the shampoo market, after creeping up at an average rate of 6 % per annum
between 1992 and 1994 and, climbing to 9.55 % in 1995, suddenly raced up to 18.77 % in 1996.
In 1997 it went up to 35 % Making the hair flow, and flow and flow, were the unique
strategies for generating growth adopted by the three principal players in the shampoo market.
A flurry of new launches which saw the introduction of 32 new brands, five brand extensions,
100 new variants, and 122 new pack - sizes, adding up to an unparalleled excitement in what
was till then a - one - kind - fits - all product category. So long as it was a generic, generalized -
benefits product whose primary value, was that it cleaned hair, no shampoo brand had the
loyal following. With a broad swath of appeal, brand USPs were not sufficiently differentiated
from one another for any of them to carve out a committed niche.
Also, the limited repertoire of benefits acted as a deterrent to frequent usage and hence
growth. The shampoo - marketers fragmented a once homogeneous market furiously, pegging a
unique differentiated benefit to each brand and line - extension so as to build a clearly defined
segment of users for each. While this helped each brand build a franchise, it served the more
important function of giving every user a definite, focused reason to use a particular brand.
The consumer has got used to the idea of using only that brand of shampoo that suits his or
her hair the best. this was achieved by launching a series of new brands, as well as
repositioning old ones, to peg each to a distinctive benefits. So, Levers rolled out Sunsilk
Nutracare (the proposition : hair root nourishment), Sunsilk Ceramides (the proposition : repair damaged
hair), Organics (the proposition : hair root nourishment), Organics dandruff treatment (the proposition : hair
root nourishment with anti - dandruff treatment), Clinic active (the proposition : presence of pro - vitamin
B5), Clinic All Clear with ZPTO (the proposition : control of dandruff - causing microbes, scalp
moisturizer, and reduced scalp itch ), and Lux Super Rich (the proposition : inclusion of hair moisturiser
) to join Clinic Plus and Sun Silk.
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10. P&G joined the fray with Pantene Pro - V (the proposition : nourishment of hair from root to tip),
Pantene Pro-V Extra shampoo - and Oriflame‟s conditioning shampoo.. Through new brand
launches companies generated constant excitement to keep interest in the product alive. Even
as segmentation offered new value propositions to shampoo users, the marketers baked up
that menu with multiple price points, creating several VFM equations. And because they were
targeting growth, they cannily priced every new product at a discount to a comparable one
while holding out a promise of either matching or greater value. There was also a large
successive cut in the excise duty on shampoos : from 120 % in 1994 to 70% in 1995, 40 % in
1996, and 30 % in 1997. Also in India customers are inordinately sensitive to price. There is
always a large number of potential customers waiting to buy your product as soon as it
becomes affordable.
RESEARCH BACKGROUND
The purpose of this report is to provide a background understanding of what factors are
considered by the customers for purchasing shampoo. To prepare the report, an extensive
literature review based on factors of customers preference for shampoo has been done.
The content of a new research initiative is structured around the following areas:
association of extrinsic cues (price, brand, advertisement) to outcomes
information sources used and their perceived usefulness for information on desired
outcomes
additional information needs
concerns regarding market conditions
alternatives considered under different situations/conditions
Knowledge levels regarding different brands of shampoo availability.
the role of dealers push factor for selecting decisions
situational factors that affect customers preference, such as availability
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11. Analysis of the results of the research should go significantly beyond simple graphs,
tables, and analysis of variance. The goal is to identify the choice of buyer and what factors is
influence customer‟s decision to purchasing shampoo.
CONTRIBUTION
The topic chosen by me for my project research is “A study on consumer preference of brand
while buying shampoo in Durg and Bhilai Nagar area”.
Today there are various companies coming to the Indian market and they will certainly
create a cutthroat competition in this field. I have chosen shampoo as the topic essence of my
project. Today shampoo customers due to new manufacturing entrants have started getting a
wide choice while buying one. This has given a consideration for the quality, price, variety,
availability provided by the shampoo companies.
A normal customer is quite puzzled and faces for huge problems in deciding what factors
one must consider for purchasing shampoo. I realized the problem and decided to take this up
as a challenge and provide them their basic requirement of “factors of customer preference
while purchasing shampoo”.
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13. Literature Review
Consumer’s preference of brand:-
Consumer preference of brand is dynamic. First of all, with the developing relationship
between consumer and company, his perceptions of the company and its products or services
will change. The more experience the customer accumulates, the more his preference will shift
from fact based judgments to a more general meaning the whole relationship gains for him.
Overtime, he puts a stronger focus on the consequence of the product or service consumption.
Moreover, if the consumer‟s circumstances change, their needs and preferences often change
too. In the external environment, the offerings of shampoo, with which a consumer compares a
product will change, thus altering his perception of the best offer around. Another point is that
the public opinion towards certain issues can change. This effect can reach from the public
expectation of good corporate citizenship. Research has been donning on the impact of brand
name of shampoo on the consumer‟s choice. Many companies has make their name as a
believable name. Consumers think that shampoo of that name is good.
Shampoo:-
Now a days, shampoo has become a necessary product. It‟s care our hair. Customer uses
different brands of shampoo.
There are many brand of shampoo:-
1. Head & Shoulder
2. Dove
3. Clinic Plus
4. Sunsilk
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14. 5. Pantene
6. Chick
7. Rejoice
Indian consumer uses shampoo regularly. Consumer select shampoo on the different basis,
like-
:- Brand name
:- Quality
:- Price
:- Discount
:- Offers
:- Varieties
:- Availability
:- Packaging
:- Advertisement
:- Income
Consumer prefer the shampoo on the basis of these factors. These factors impact on the
consumer‟s mind.
Brand name:- Reputation is the brand value and respect a product earns in the
market. Re putation can be built on quality, durability, accuracy, reliability, price, availbility, etc.
This is built over a period of time and customers are willing to pay a premium for a well known
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15. or trusted brand name and often become loyalists to those brand. Reputation of a brand or
product is built by the experiences of the consumer over a period of time the more the
consumers are satisfied with the productthe more the trust they place on the product.
Quality:- One of the basic concepts of TQM philosophy is the continuous process
improvement. This concept implies that there will be no, constant acceptable quality level
because the consumers‟ need & wants, quality requirements, expectations are constantly
changing and becoming more demanding. An American Society for Quality (ASO) survey on
end user perception of important factors that influenced the consumer preference showed the
factors.
Price :- Every consumer react differently to the pricing strategies of the personal care
products. Reaction to pricing is also different for different products. For certain products both
will be willing to pay more and for certain other products it will be the opposite. But whatever it
is today‟s consumers in general are willing to pay a higher price to obtain value. Any consumer
will be constantly evaluating the personal care products or service against the competitors to
determine who provides the greatest value. Thus an ongoing effort must be made by the
organisation to identify, verify and update the consumers‟ preference about the personal care
products.
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16. Discount:- discount is the factor which influence the consumers mind to select and switch
the particular product. It is a psychological factor, that consumer wants some gain. Consumer
think that, if any product is available in chip rate then why I buy another product.
Offers:- offers provide some another things with product. This is also a psychological
factor.
Packaging:- Packaging we define it as all the activity of design & producing the
container for the product. The container is called package. well designed packages can create
convenience & promotional value. Consumer affluence that means consumer are willing to pay
a little more for the convenience appearance, dependability & prestige of better packages.
Innovative packaging can bring large benefits to consumers‟ and profit to product.
Advertisement:- The role of advertisement is crucial in market. It should not only
communicate the product attributes but should also drive home that the products psychological
attributes are better then those of other competing products. In other words advertising can help
differentiate the company‟s product from the other products. Television as on advertising
medium is taken granted in India & the researchers think that TV. Advertisement is most
influential type of advertisement become most people watch TV & unlike other advertisement.
TV ad has the ability to convey your message with sight, sound & nation. They make accurate
to influence consumer because they can easily reach target audience.
Needs & Wants:-The one theme of any marketing activity pertains to the satisfaction
of the needs of customer. Needs are basis to human existence nut wants are not. Wants are
basically acquired needs.
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18. Research Methodology:-
Research Objectives:-
1-Customer awareness about different brand of shampoos.
2-To identify the customer mostly used brand of shampoo.
3-To study the opinion of customers about shampoo.
Research Design:-
RESEARCH PLAN
Research Design: Exploratory/Descriptive
Research Method Used Survey
Research Technique Used Questionnaire
Data Collection (location) From Durg and Bhilai Nagar
Sampling Plan Convenience
Sample Size 100
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19. Demographic Characteristics
Measure Item Number of Respondents
<20 30
20-30 25
Age
30-40 25
>40 20
Total 100
METHODOLOGY
The study was conducted in the markets of Durg And Bhilai Nagar. For the study a
questionnaire was formulated and administered to the respondent. Questionnaire was open
ended with Likert‟s Scale. The medium of this questionnaire was English. The Questionnaire
was administered face to face with respondents. Some of these were filled up after a small
conversation relevant to the subject of study.
Research Design:-
In my research I have applied the descriptive design.
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20. Descriptive Research;
In this research I have conducted Descriptive Research to study the „factors of customers
preference for shampoo in the area of Durg and Bhilai Nagar. Descriptive research includes
surveys and fact-finding enquiries of different kinds. The method of research utilized in
descriptive research is survey methods of all kinds, including comparative and co-relational
methods
Research Method;
Survey Method :
In this research, method utilized to conduct research is that “Survey Method”. Survey
method is one of the method of descriptive research and very popular and widely used method
of gathering data. This method is particularly used with quantitative research. In this method,
collection of data is done through questionnaire. Questionnaire is taken by the researcher to the
respondents with invitation for filling the questionnaire.
As I have conducted a research on the study on customers‟ preference of shampoo, I
used personal survey method to identify the preference level of customer towards it and factors
which influence them. Because this method is most appropriate to identify various factors of
customers‟ preference for shampoo. This method is best because interviewer can make direct
interaction with the respondent and they can observe something also that what “factors are
preferred by the customers for purchasing shampoo”. Even though this method has some
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21. disadvantages, but it has more advantages also like economical method, no interviewer bias,
large sample can be made use of and etc.
DATA COLLECTION METHOD
As a data collection method I have used the Questionnaire Method.
Rationale for using questionnaire method
Questionnaire had been prepared to get the response of the people as per guided by the
organizational guide. To provide the best end results without any kind of biasness, which can
give a brief idea about sampling and would be beneficial for making inferences for tabulations
and calculations with research instruments? I made a survey through questionnaire as prepared
by me.
Sources of Data
The task of data collection begins after a research problem has been defined and research
design checked out. While deciding about the method of data collection to be used for the study.
The two type of data is.
PRIMARY DATA
SECONDARY DATA
Primary Data
The primary data for the study was collected by personally administering the
questionnaire to respondent and observation.
Secondary Data
The secondary data for the study was collected for other information from books
Magazines and internet etc.
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22. Questionnaire Design
In questionnaire, I have used 6 questions.
In the 1st , 2nd, and 3rd questions, there are 5 options for respondent.
Respondent can choose any one of the option.
In 4th question, I used Likert‟s measurement scale to identify “factors of customers‟
preference for shampoo”. Here 1 to 5 scales are used to be marked their preference level,
where „1 stands for strongly disagree‟, „2 disagree‟, „3 Neutral‟, „4 Agree‟ and „5 Strongly agree‟.
This questionnaire includes 7 factors, which measures factors of customers‟ preference for
shampoo.
Sample Size
Data have been collected through the survey method while survey has been conducted in
two areas:
1). Bhilai Nagar
2). Durg
All the data are primary in the nature as they had been collected first hand and personally.
All the area had segmented according to the population of this area. We have considered 100 as
sample size. we made a survey by questionnaire as prepared by me. Sample size has been kept to
100-sample unit.
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24. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULT
1- In 1st question, I wanted to know the respondent‟s opinion as to that which brand of
shampoo they‟d like to purchase?
a. DOVE 36
b. Sunsilk 02
c. Head & Shoulders 32
d. Clinic plus 18
e. Others 12
DOVE SUNSILK H&S CLINIC + OTHERS
12%
36%
18%
32%
2%
Interpretation:- most of the respondents liked to purchase the HEAD & SHOULDER and
DOVE brand of shampoo. They said that these brands are better than others.
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25. 2-In question 2nd , why you like this particular brand?
a. Brand Name 10
b. Quality 34
c. Softness 18
d. Suits your hair 30
e. Others 08
BRAND QUALITY SOFTNESS SUIT YOUR HAIR OTHERS
8% 10%
30%
34%
18%
Interpretation:- According to the respondents, quality and suitability to hair are the main
factors to choose the particular brands.
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26. 3-In the 3rd question, what reason influences you for your purchase?
a. Anti Dandruff 24
b. Black Shine 20
c. Hair fall control 28
d. Hair clean 26
e. Others 02
ANTI DANDRUFF BLACK SHINE HAIR FALL CONTROL
HAIR CLEAN OTHERS
2%
24%
26%
20%
28%
INTERPRETATION:- 28% hair fall control and 24% cleaning the hair are the main
factors to influence the customer to purchase the shampoo.
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27. 4- In the 4th question, I wanted to know the factors that are considered while
purchasing a particular brand of shampoo.
:- there are 7 factors
I. Price
II. Quality
III. Discount
IV. Brand
V. Offers
VI. Varieties
VII. Availabilities
The Following are the responses:
PRICE 12 16 22 36 14
QULAITY 6 8 2 32 52
DISCOUNT 10 20 54 16 0
BRAND 4 10 16 50 20
OFFER 10 16 40 32 2
VARIETY 4 16 38 24 22
AVAILABILITY 0 0 32 34 34
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29. 5. how many times you use shampoo in a week?
a. One Time 24
b. Two Times 40
c. Three Times 24
d. More Then Three Times 08
Chart Title
ONE TWO THREE MORE THAN THREE
8%
25%
25%
42%
INTERPRETATION:- most of the respondents use shampoo 2 times in a week.
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30. 6. from which source do you get information about shampoo?
Chart Title
ADV PAST USG FRNDS RELATIVS BUEATICIANS OTHERS
0%
6% 2%
8%
8%
76%
INTERPRETATION:-Most of the customers get information from advertisements like-TV
Ad, Magazines, NEWS Papers etc.
Many of the customers take knowledge from their past usage.
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32. FINDINGS OF THE STUDY:-
1- HEAD & SHOULDER and DOVE are the largest selling shampoo brands in the Durg
and Bhilai Nagar area.
2- Quality of the shampoo and its suitability for hair are the main factors that influence the
customer‟s decision to purchase shampoo.
3- Customers want to purchase particularly for hair fall control and hair cleaning.
4- Price is a factor that influences the customers decisions .
5- Discount and offers do not seem to have more impact on the customers decision.
6- Customer has less interest in variety of shampoo .
7- Advertisement influences the customers.
8- Age is not a factor to use the shampoo. Every age group of persons use shampoo.
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34. Recommendations
According to the present research following can be considered as conclusions and
recommendations:-
1. The company should emphasise more on “quality of shampoo” and should be suitable
for hair because it is one of the most highly considered factors of customer‟s preference
for shampoo.
2. Brand does not play a significant role as a factor of customers‟ preference; so the
companies should put effort to increase their quality and pay attention towards the price
aspect.
3. Companies should try to reduce the price, because this factor influences the customer‟s
decision.
4. Companies should make more interactive advertisement, because it influences the
customers to purchase the shampoo.
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36. Limitations:-
Samples are collected from Bhilai Nagar and Durg only considering that they are the
representatives of entire market that may not be universally true.
The mental status of the respondents might have influenced the accuracy of the data at the
time of response.
Further limitations to the study are as follow:
The sample size of 100 respondents for survey though is small had to be adhered to due
to time and other constraints.
The time given for survey i.e. one month may be taken as one another constraing factor
for the study
The study is limited to Durg and Bhilai nagar region and as such the conclusions may not
be taken as representative of the larger regions like the state region or at national level.
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38. Conclusion:-
It is concluded that difference between the Parameters i.e. Brand, Quality, Price, Offers,
Availability, Advertisement, Discounts, Dealers push appear to be significant.
The customers of Bhilai Nagar and Durg area are not brand conscious customers. They
keep quality and price factor in their mind when they purchase shampoo. Most of the customers
use Head & Shoulder shampoo. They think that this is more qualitative shampoo than others.
Age is not a factor to use shampoo. Every age group person uses shampoo.
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42. QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Which brand of shampoo you like to purchase?
a. Dove b. Sunsilk c. Head & Shoulder
d. Clinic plus e. Others ______________
2. Why you like this particular brand?
a. Brand name b. Quality c. Softness
d. Suits your hair e. Others ________________
3. What reason influences you for your purchase?
a. Anti dandruff b. Black shine c. Hair fall control
d. Hairs clean e. Others _______________
4. What factors do you consider while purchasing a particular brand of shampoo?
FACTORS 1 2 3 4 5
Strongly Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
disagree agree
Price
Quality
Discount
Brands
Offers
Varieties
Availability
5. How many times you use shampoo in a week?
a. One time b. Two times
c. Three times d. More than three
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43. 6. From which source do you get the information about shampoo?
a. Advertisement b. Past Usage c. Friend
d. Relatives e. Beautician f. Others _________
Personal Information:
1. Name of Respondent: ___________________________________________
2. Age: 1. <20 2. 20 to 30 3. 30 to 40
4. 40 and above
3. Gender: 1. Male 2. Female
4. Occupation: 1. Service 2. Business
3. Student 4. Other ______________
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