Aircraft Toilet Systems

Malaysian Institute of Aviation TechnologyAIRCRAFT TOILET/ LAVATORY SYSTEM

Malaysian Institute of Aviation Technology
AIRCRAFT TOILETS

AIRCRAFT TOILET/ LAVATORY SYSTEM
Introduction
• Types of Toilets
• Removable Toilet/Elsan Toilet
• Reusable Liquid Flush Type
• Vacuum Toilet
• Toilet Equipments
• Miscellaneous equipment
• Dispenser equipment
• Disposal equipment
• Toilet Ventilation System
• Venturi
• Check valve
• Muffler
• Restrictors
• Corrosion Control

Removable Toilet
- Fitted on small aircraft, short range a/c.
- simplest type called an Elsan toilet
- Storage bin is refilled with correct amount of
disinfectant (Raquasan).
- Whole unit is removed when
dispose off contents.
- Secured by quick release
method.

REMOVABLE TOILETS / ELSAN TOILET

Reusable Liquid Flush Type

Vacuum Toilet System

Lavatory

LAVATORY INTRODUCTION
• Number and type of toilets varies
according to the size and type of aircraft
• Toilet compartment constructed as modules
be easily removed from the aircraft, made
from glass fiber honeycomb having
a decorative finish.

• Toilet is illuminated by lights in the ceiling.
- lights is automatically dim when the
door is open, and come on bright when
the door is closed and locked, actuated
by door lock switches.
- If all the toilets in that group are occupied
the appropriate cabin sign is illuminated.
- Smoking is not permitted.
LAVATORY INTRODUCTION

Lavatories are modular, self contained
units each has this equipment:
* Air sickness bag and sanitary napkin
dispenser
* Ashtray (interior and exterior)
* Assist handle
* Attendant call button and reset switch
* Coat hook
* Diaper changing table (some installations)
* Dual roll toilet paper holder
* Facial tissue dispenser

• lavatories are modular, self contained units each has this
equipment:
* Fire extinguisher(in waste compartment)
* Flushing toilet, with toilet seat and cover
* Non-glass mirror (shatter resistant)
* Handicap assist rails (some installations)
* Information and instruction placards
(including NO SMOKING sign)
* Light switches
* Oxygen masks (2)

Removing Waste
Service Vehicle Adaptor
http://www.airport-technology.com/contractors/groundequipment/combi_box/combi_box5.html

• Is ventilated by allowing pressurized
cabin air to escape to atmosphere.
• Toilet compartment are vented by air flowing
through a gap between the toilet shroud and the
toilet bowl flange, and into the vent duct located
beneath the toilet shroud.
LAVATORY VENTING SYSTEM

TOILET VENTILATION SYSTEM
System consists of the following components.
1.Venturi – limits the outflow of cabin air when aircraft
is pressurized.
2.Check Valve – prevents back flow through the
ventilation system.
3.Muffler – reduce duct noise in the galley ventilation
system.
4.Galley vent Inlet – picking up galley odor.
5.Restrictors – These balance the airflow between
galley units and toilet compartment.

FIRE PRECAUTIONS
– TOILETS IN AIRCRAFT OVER 5700 kg MTWA
• Airworthiness Notice No.32 requires that all lavatory
waste containers, provided for flammable materials
must be inspected regularly to ensure that all entry
flaps or doors operate, seal and latch correctly.
Containers for used towels, papers and waste, are
made from materials resistant to fire.
• Smoking is not permitted in toilet compartment.

CABIN AND TOILET FIRE PROTECTION
– AIRCRAFT OVER 5700 kg MTWA
• Airworthiness Notice no. 32 requires a smoke
detector in each toilet compartment.
• Smoke detector must operate a warning light and or
aural warning in the passenger cabin, also operate a
warning light on the flight deck.
• It is recommended that built in the fire
extinguishers be fitted in each toilet waste container,
also a fire access points be built into toilet waste
containers. This is to ensure efficient distribution of
extinguisher from hand held fire extinguishers.
( BCF type )

LIQUID FLUSH TOILETS

- Common type of toilet in passenger aircraft
- self contained, waste collection tank
mounted directly below the toilet bowl.
- Material Stainless steel bowl
tank stainless steel or fiber-glass Laminate.
- Capacity 20 gallons, fill with pre-charge
of strong disinfectant chemical (Raquasan),
dye and deodorant and can be used
till 100 times.

 It consist of seat, cover and surround, toilet bowl,
tank top and flushing system and waste tank and
outlet bowl.
 An electrically powered flushing unit (three phase
115 Volt a.c. flush motor)
 It collect waste material in the toilet waste tank
where it is disinfected, deodorized, dyed and the
liquids separated from the waste.
 These liquids are then used for flushing purposes.

Typical Liquid Flush Toilet System

Liquid Flush Toilet Components

TOILET FLUSH MOTOR

• Motor drives both rotating filter and impeller to pump
Flushing Fluid to Flush Ring.
• Rotating filter consists of Stack of flat wheel shaped
discs apart determine the fines of filteration.
• A stationary knife blade is mounted beside the disc
stack and blade extending into the slot created by the
spacers.
• When rotate waste is combed through the slots by the
clean blades.
• Filter will break down the waste particles to 300
microns.
FLUSH MOTOR OPERATION

 Flushing is initiated by pushing a button, energize
an electric timer runs a motor in the tank for 10
seconds cycle.
 The pump impeller draws liquid through rotating
filter and pump through a flush ring around the top
of the toilet bowl with a swirling action.
 This action carry the deposit into the waste tank by
opening the hinged separator.

 It stop after 10 seconds, re-armed itself for next
cycle the motor will be reverse prevent rotating filter
becoming entangled with non-decomposable waste.
 Electric toilet flush motors must be fitted with a
suitable thermal protection device (fuse or circuit
breaker) to prevent overheating due to failure of the
control circuit, control circuit components, the motor
or pump.
 Some aircraft use compressed air to operate the
flush toilet.
LIQUID FLUSH TOILETS OPERATION

Vacuum/Compressed Air Flush
Toilet

Toilet
Servicing

Typical Toilet Waste Service Panel

Waste Line Bung

Toilet Waste Tank Ground Flush Line

TOILET SYSTEMS SERVICING
• With own external service panel situated on the lower
surface of the aircraft.
• If system with Waste Line Rubber is fitted must be
withdrawn using a “Y” COUPLING.
• A drain valve spring loaded to closed position be
opened by using a handle and emptied the waste via a
4 inches diameter pipe and coupling to toilet servicing
vehicle.

Toilet Drain Coupling

TOILET SYSTEMS SERVICING
 After “Bung” is replaced in the drain pipe tank
is RINSED via the wash line and fill with
pre-charge of strong disinfectant chemical (Raquasan),
dye and deodorant and can be used till 100 times.

 Leakage from this point can result in the
formation of ice which might damage the
aircraft.
 Water spilled on the toilet floor is drained via a
small diameter drain line, into the toilet waste
tank drain line.
 Waste drain fitting is heated electrically to
prevent the freezing of any liquid in the drain
line.
TOILET SYSTEMS SERVICE PANEL

Toilet Waste Service Panel

Vacuum Flush Toilet
 Vacuum toilet bowl coated with silicon
for non-stick effect

Vacuum Waste Tank

VACUUM TOILET SYSTEM

VACUUM SYSTEM TOILET
 Liquid flush toilet create a risk of corrosion and
it takes some time to drain and replenish each
toilet.
 Vacuum toilets overcome these problems by
having dry toilet assemblies and is connected to
a centralized storage tank by pipelines.

 uses an evacuated waste container.
 when toilet bowl is flushed, a valve opens and
the waste is sucked along the pipeline into the
storage tank then clean water from the drinking
water tank is used to rinse the bowl and goes to
the waste tank.

58

Typical Vacuum Toilet Schematic

Malaysian Institute of Aviation TechnologyTOILET FLUSH VALVE

Malaysian Institute of Aviation TechnologyVACUUM TOILET SYSTEM

OPERATION:
When the flush button is operated the cycle is started.
- If the aircraft is below 16,000 feet, the vacuum
blowers are switched on.
- One second later, a water valve is opened and
pumps 6 to 8 ounces of water to the rinse ring
to clean the toilet bowl.

OPERATION:
When the flush button is operated the cycle is started.
- A flush valve opens for four seconds to allow
the waste to be sucked into the waste tank.
- After the cycle is completed the vacuum
blowers are switched off and the timer
prepares for the next cycle.

END OF TOILET SYSTEM

Aircraft Toilet Systems

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