CompTIA exam study guide presentations by instructor Brian Ferrill, PACE-IT (Progressive, Accelerated Certifications for Employment in Information Technology) "Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53" Learn more about the PACE-IT Online program: www.edcc.edu/pace-it

1. Types of Internet
connections.

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Instructor, PACE-IT Program – Edmonds Community College
Areas of Expertise Industry Certifications
 PC Hardware
 Network Administration
 IT Project Management
 Network Design
 User Training
 IT Troubleshooting
Qualifications Summary
Education
 M.B.A., IT Management, Western Governor’s University
 B.S., IT Security, Western Governor’s University
Entrepreneur, executive leader, and proven manger
with 10+ years of experience turning complex issues
into efficient and effective solutions.
Strengths include developing and mentoring diverse
workforces, improving processes, analyzing
business needs and creating the solutions
required— with a focus on technology.

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PACE-IT.
– Dial-up Internet connections.
– DSL Internet connections.
– Other Internet connections.

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Types of Internet connections.

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Types of Internet connections.
– Dial-up.
» Utilizes plain old telephone service (POTS) though the public
switched telephone network (PSTN).
» Requires the use of a modem to transmit data as an analog
signal over the twisted pair POTS line.
» Max theoretical speed is 56 Kbps.
– Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN).
» Digital point-to-point dial-up WAN technology using the PSTN.
» Up to approximately 2 Mbps on a Primary Rate Interface (PRI).
• PRI uses 23 B channels and one D channel.
» Commonly uses Basic Rate Interface (BRI) for 128 Kbps.
• BRI uses two B channels at 64 Kbps (one for data and one for
voice) and one D channel at 16 Kbps for call setup and link
management.
» Requires the use of a terminal adapter (TA) for the connection to
the end node (looks like a modem but it is not a modem).
» More expensive than POTS and not as capable as DSL, but can
be used when DSL is not available.

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Types of Internet connections.

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Types of Internet connections.
– Digital Subscriber Line (DSL).
» Digital Internet connection using POTS as the media.
» Creates a dedicated digital line between the end point and the
network supplied by the Internet Service Provider (ISP).
• It is an always on connection to the Internet.
» Carries voice and data (filters are put in place to get voice).
» Speeds vary, depending on the ISP and the type of DSL
service.
• ISPs charge for the bandwidth provided.
– Asynchronous DSL (ADSL).
» Download speeds are faster than upload speeds.
» Usually more cost effective for the SOHO environment than
SDSL.
– Synchronous DSL (SDSL).
» Download and upload speeds are the same.
» Often used in conjunction with a leased T1 line.
» As a rule, it costs more than ADSL.

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Types of Internet connections.

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Types of Internet connections.
– Cable Internet connections.
» Broadband connection to the location delivered by the cable
company using its cabled network.
• Typically offers more bandwidth for less cost than DSL.
• It is also an always on connection to the Internet.
» Headend: all cable signals received at this point; signals are
processed and formatted then transmitted to the distribution
network.
» Distribution network: smaller service areas served by the cable
ISP. The distribution network architecture can be composed of
fiber optic cabling, coaxial cabling, and/or hybrid fiber-coaxial
cabling (HFC).
» Final distribution to the location is usually through a coaxial
cable.
» Unlike DSL, the bandwidth is shared by the distribution
network; this can lead to increased latency and congestion
during peak usage times.

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Fiber optic Internet
connections—using light to
transmit data and voice at a
higher bandwidth.
Fiber optic cables are used to make the connection to
the ISP’s network. This allows for higher bandwidth,
which means the end user is granted more and faster
Internet access. Quite often, fiber optic connections will
carry the Internet and telephone connections as well
as television service—and they do so with ease.
However, it tends to be the most expensive option.
Like DSL and cable, this is an always on type of
connection.
Types of Internet connections.

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Dial-up Internet connections use POTS over the PSTN in order to achieve a
connection to the Internet. A modem is used to translate the digital signal
into an analog format for transmission. ISDN is a digital dial-up WAN
technology that provides a connection to the Internet. The most common
implementation is utilizing a BRI connection. ISDN is faster than traditional
dial up, but not as cost effective or capable as DSL.
Topic
Dial-up Internet connections.
Summary
DSL provides a digital always on connection to the Internet. DSL carries
data and voice over the PSTN with varying speeds. If DSL upload and
download speeds are the same, it is SDSL; if the speeds are different, then
it is ADSL.
DSL Internet connections.
Cable is an always on broadband connection to the Internet. Typically,
cable can offer more bandwidth for less cost than DSL. The bandwidth is
shared in the distribution network, which can affect performance. Fiber optic
Internet connections offer a high bandwidth always on connection. In most
cases, a fiber optic connection will be the most expensive of all connection
types.
Other Internet connections.
Types of Internet connections.

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THANK YOU!

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