tenses

1. Name: Pablo Enrique Castañeda
Group: #1
Practice: #2
Degree: 5to. Agronomy
Llanos de la Fragua, Zacapa 19/01/2015

2. Present Simple - (Simple Present Tense)
The Simple Present tense is used to describe habitual actions that occur
with some frequency and makes no reference to whether it is happening
at present.
I play tennis. I play tennis.
(He mentions a sport that I do every day and I'm not necessarily playing
right now) .He works in an office. He works in an office.
(This refers to work that develops a person frequently). They travel to
Madrid. They travel to Madrid.

4. Ejercicios: Presente Simple (Simple Present Tense)
En este ejercicio deberás colocar el verbo que figura entre
paréntesis en Presente Simple:
1.I (travel) ………. to London every week. Yo viajo a Londres todas
las semanas.
1.They (run) ………. in the park every Saturdays. Elloscorren en el
parque todos los sábados.
1.My mother (clean) ………. the house. Mi madre limpiala casa.
1.You (be) ………. a good student. Tú eres un buen estudiante.
1.Mary (work) ………. in a bank. Mary trabaja en un banco.
1.John (walk)………. to his office. John camina a su oficina.
1.You (study) ………. English at school. Ustedesestudian inglés en
la escuela.
1.The dog (break) ………. the fence. El perro rompe la cerca.
1.The car (be) ………. in the garage. El coche está en el garage.
1.My father (have) ………. a nice coat. Mi padre tiene un lindo saco.

5. Past Simple - (Simple Past Tense)
The Simple Past tense is used to describe actions
that have happened at an earlier time and have
already done, for example,
She cleaned her house. She cleaned her house.
I broke the window. I broke the window.
Here we see their conjugation in the Spanish
equivalent to the Present Indefinite. Notice that the
sentence structure is similar to the Simple Present:

7. Usos
• Acciones que sucedieron en un tiempo específico
en el pasado, ya sea conocido o implícito3
• Acciones que comenzaron y terminaron en el
pasado
• Acciones en el pasado que no se repiten en el
presente
• Acciones que sucedieron en un tiempo específico
y que ya finalizaron

8. Past Simple (Pasado simple)
Last night we _____ (walk) to the cinema.
Sam _____ (stop) the car to take a picture.
I _____ (study) for the exam for three hours.
They _____ (be) happy to be home.
Sally _____ (be) disappointed she _____ (miss) the party.
When I was young, we always _____ (go) to Florida for the summer.

9. Future Simple - (Simple Future)
The Simple Future tense is used to describe actions that will be
developed in the future without the need to clarify at what
point will occur. Its equivalent in the Spanish language is Future
Imperfect. For example:
I will study the lesson. I will study the lesson.
(Not mentioned in that time)
I will travel to London. He will travel to London.
(Can not specify when)
They will buy a new car. They will buy a new car.
(It is not known at what time)
Although it can also express the time in which the action will
take place, for example:
Susan will visit her mother tomorrow.
Susan morning visit to his mother.
John will travel to New York the next month.

11. Exercise:
1. My mother (cook) ……………….. a chocolate cake
for my birthday.
2. I (see) ……………….. Peter tomorrow morning.
3. My father (paint) ……………….. the house white.
4. Susan (travel) ……………….. by plane to Spain.
5. Tom (work) ……………….. as a travel agent.
6. It (take) ……………….. two hours the get home.
7. Sally (write) ……………….. a letter to her parents.
8. Jane and Paul (come) ……………….. to visit us the
next year.
9. I (go) ………………. to the cinema when I finish my
homework.
1.Sarah (sing) ……………….. at the concert tonight.

12. Present Perfect (Present Perfect Tense)
The Present Perfect English language is a tense
that is used to refer to actions that happen in
the recent past and that have some connection
with this. Its equivalent in Spanish is the
Present Perfect:
I have sent the letter.
I sent the letter.
(Indicates that the action just happened)
To build the affirmative form of the Perfect
Present we should use as an auxiliary verb in
the Simple Present HAVE TO accompanied by
the main verb in the past participle (whether
regular or irregular verbs verbs):

13. 1.Sue (lose) …………… the key of her car.
1.Peter (save) …………… almost $7000 for a new
motorcycle.
1.Jenny (finish) …………… her homework.
1.Some boy (break) …………… the windows.
1.My mother (buy) ……………new glasses.
1.I (read) ……………a hundred pages of the book.
1.My niece (find) …………… a valuable necklace.
1.The town(suffer) …………… terrible floods.
1.Martha (think) ……………very carefully her
situation.
1.The factories (contaminate) …………… too many
rivers.

14. Past Perfect (Past Perfect Tense)
The Past Perfect English language is a tense that is
used to refer to an action that took place at a time
before another action, although both have happened
in the past establishing an order including, for
example:
The finished film HAD When she arrived at the
cinema.
The film was over when she arrived at the cinema.
(First action: the movie was over
Second action: she came to the movies) Sarah
dinner prepared HAD When her husband got home.
Sarah had prepared dinner when her husband came
home.
(First activity: Sarah had prepared dinner
Second action: her husband came home)
To build the affirmative form of Past Perfect should
use as an auxiliary verb in the Simple Past TO HAVE
accompanied by main verb in its past participle

15. I had bought a new car. Yo había comprado un nuevo auto.
You had cleaned the house. Tú habías limpiado la casa.
He had brought the gifts. Él había traído los regalos.
She had lost the credit card. Ella había perdido la tarjeta de crédito.

16. Exercise:
1.Astronauts (fly) …………… through space for hours.
1.The boys (steal) …………… the bicycles.
1.They (have) …………… a long and uncomfortable
trip.
1.The beggar (find) …………… five bottles of beer.
1.He (show) …………… me the content of the parcel.
1.My sister Ann (begin) …………… her diet a week
ago.
1.She (think) …………… a good idea.
1.The postman (deliver) …………… my letter.
1.He (retire) …………… from political life.
1.Alice (leave) …………… her bag on a chair.

17. The future perfect
The Future or "future perfect" is used for actions or states to be completed in a given time in the future.
Usually accompanied by the preposition "by" (for / to) or adverbial phrase "by the time" (the time).
I'll Have finished my exams by next Monday.
I will have finished my exams next Monday.
It is also used to indicate assumption.
Don't her phone. She will Have left.
Do not call her by phone. It will be gone.
Affirmative:
Subject + Shall / will + have + past participle of the verb + ...
For the first person singular and plural are used interchangeably "shall" and "will" although the trend is to
use "will" for everyone.
In American English normally "shall" is not used.
In the affirmative contracted forms is not necessary to distinguish between will and Shall, since both are

18. 1.She (buy) …………… an umbrella by the time it
begins raining.
1.By the time you arrive, I (spend) …………… all the
money.
1.The students (understand) …………… the
exercises, before the weekend.
1.Alice (buy) …………… a new car by the end of
October.
1.By the time she moves to Europe, my sister (have)
…………… a baby.
1.They (repair) …………… the car by the time you
come back.
1.She (do) …………… her homework by the end of
the day.
1.I (call) …………… the police before the thieves
leave the bank.
1.Before the train leaves my father (take) ……………
us to the station.
1.By 6 o’clock we (win) …………… the championship.