1. Thematic meeting on HPMP, certification & log-books for accession countries
in Budapest, Hungary, 19-21 October 2011
Refrigerant policy in Hungary
HCFC phase out! HFC phase down?
Dr. Tarek Maiyaleh
Associate professor
Budapest University of Technology and Economics
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Energy Engineering
maiyaleh@energia.bme.hu

2. HCFC regulation
HCFC : 1989
100%
82%
Copenhagen, 11/92 - (developed Country)
70% - - 35% CEE 3093 / 94
15%
CEE 2037/2000
- 60%
37% - 55% - 65% ban on HCFC after 2015
24% - 70%
- 80%
20% -75%
- 90%
A B C D
- 95%
01/0
0 7
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
A - Ban on in storage, warehouse, distribution and new equipment > 150kW Ban on
- Ban on new equipment: air-conditioning equipment except fixed <100 kW, AC new HCFC using after
B 2010/01/01 just for servicing
and heat pumps with no restrictions.
C - ban on new equipment except heat pumps and PAC
D - ban on using any new equipment

3. Phaseout of HCFC in Hungary
• According to Montreal Protocol and the International agreement
• Hungarian Government regulation from 2003:
– from 30 September 2003, (ban on) use new equipment HCFC
– from 30 April 2004, (ban on) use reversible equipment (Heat pump)
• Reduction new HCFC import step by step ! For on-going servicing
needs of existing equipment:
– in 2003-2004 696 t/y import
– in 2004-2007 464 t/y import
– in 2008-2009 387 t/y import
• 31 December 2009, stop the import!!!
• 1 January 2010, ban on production and import (new HCFC) except
for use in equipment manufactured before 1/1/2010 (so no production or
importing for NEW equipment that uses these compounds) !
• 31 December 2014 final ban

4. Before and after 1-1-2010?
• What should be done than?
• For servicing of existing equipment!
• New technology for servicing!
• Reclaimed, recycled refrigerant?
• Replacement (drop in or retrofit) with
alternative refrigerant!

5. What about the solution!
• According to the regulations (2037/2000)
1005/2009 and 842/2006
• Training and certification
Your role: as an air-conditioning or refrigeration technician, you play an
important role in the phase out procedure of HCFC refrigerants by
installing, servicing, end repairing equipment that may contain
HCFCs
- better understand your responsibilities under the regulations.
- adapt to changing industry practices, and
- provide consumers with appropriate information about the HCFC
phase out.

6. A) Servicing air-conditioning and
refrigeration systems
• You must have a certification (personnel and company),
• Do best practice, locate and repair leaks (leakage
checks),
• you must use refrigerant recovery equipment during
service, maintenance, or repair,
• you may recharge equipment only with recovered HCFC
refrigerants,
• recovered refrigerant cannot be sold to new owner,,
• it must be recycled or sent to an certified reclaimer prior
to resale.

7. B) Disposing of refrigerating
and air-conditioning equipment,
1. prior to equipment disposal, you must properly recover
HCFCs from existing refrigeration and air-conditioning
equipment to help ensure the availability of future
supplies, protect the ozone layer, and comply with the
regulations,
2. you may recycle the recovered HCFC refrigerants,
3. you may send recovered HCFC refrigerants to be
reclaimed or destroyed.
4. Disposal companies have to be special licences for
transport and disposal procedures

8. C) Alternative refrigerants
1. In generally HFCs,
2. Certified personnel has to be informed about the
acceptable and unacceptable substitutes for specific
criteria of different refrigeration and air conditioning
applications.
3. Alternative refrigerants generally cannot be used as a
"drop-in" replacement in an existing system without
modifying the system components, sealings, etc

9. R-22&Co.
• It is a popular refrigerant that is commonly used in a variety of
refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment, including
• Residential Commercial and Industrial Uses (-55- +15 oC)
• How can we replace it, for example in: (LBP-MBP-HBP)
- Window air-conditioning units - Packaged air-conditioners and heat pumps
- Dehumidifiers - Chillers
- Central air-conditioners - Retail food refrigeration
- Air-to-air heat pumps - Cold storage warehouses
- Ground-source heat pumps - Industrial process refrigeration
- Ductless air-conditioners - Transport refrigeration
-Chest or upright freezers

10. Substitute of applications using R22,
new equipment or retrofit with HFCs
New
equipments
HBP+MBP LBP Safety refrigerants
Central air-conditioners, Chillers, MAC,
One komponent, POE, PAG
Industrial process refrigeration.
Refrigeration, /R-134a (44% / 52% / 4% )
Blend R-125 / R-143a
Chest or upright(50% / 50%) - Retrofit
Blend R-125 / R-143a freezers
(HBP-MBP) For Air-conditioning < 400
Blend R-32 / R-125 / R-134a (23% / 25% / 52%)
kW - Retrofit
(HBP-MBP) Heat pump,
Blend R-32 / R-125 (50% / 50%)
air-conditioning < 30 kW –experiments for LBP

11. Substitute of applications using R22,
new equipment with other refrigerants
• Halogen free: ODP=0, GWP<3
– R-717 (NH3) (B2)
– R-744 (CO2) (A1) (TEWI!)
– R-290 (HC) (A3)

12. For existing equipment, drop in!
New
equipment
ISCEON® MO
HBP-MBP LBP Safety refrigerants
GWP!
Residential Commercial and Industrial Uses
ISCEON® MO79 (MBP-LBP) / R-134a / R-600a (85,1% /11,5 % / 3,4%)
R-422A : R-125
MO, AB,POE
Direct evaporation
ISCEON® MO29 air-conditioningR-134a /Chillers, commercial 3,4%)
R-422D: R-125 / units, R-600a (65,1% /31,5 % / and
MO,AB,POE
industrial refrigeration. Direct evaporation
ISCEON® MO59 air-conditioning R-134a / R-600 (46,6% / 50 % / 3,4%),
R-417A : R-125 / unit, com. refrigeration
MO, AB, POE
(MBP,LBP), Direct evaporation

13. For existing equipment, drop in!
New
equipments
FORANE® FX100 R-427A : R-134a / R-125 / R-32 / R-143a
(50% /25 % / 15%/10%),
HBP+MBP LBP
Safety refrigerant
GWP!
FORANE® FX100
Central air-conditioners, Chillers,
Industrial process refrigeration.
FORANE® FX100
(LBP-MBP-HBP) Direct evaporation
FORANE® FX100

14. Simple
Replacement,
Drop in
Oil change without Oil change
Option cleaning Option cleaning
LBP MBP
LBP MBP
R-427A (FX 100) R-427A (FX 100) ISCEON® MO29 v. 79 ISCEON® MO29 v. 59
Direct evap. Direct evap.
POE oil fill in Original oil
Max. old oil 15%* useable*
* manufacturer information

15. Retrofit, replacement of R-22 => R404A, R507,
R407C
Existing R22
system R-22 recovering
Oil
recovering
Running and Fill in POE
adjustment, oil
leakage check Running with
R22
R 404A fill in
Test of the
Mineral oil > 5% Mineral oil
Change of sealing, R22
expansion div. and recovery Mineral oil < 5%
the safety devices

16. Practical advices
• What to advise the customer?
– Proof the task and conditions of the system, in
generally:
– If the refrigeration capacity of the system <300 kW,
new system with new refrigerant,
– If the refrigeration capacity of System > 300 kW, and
fill in (R-22 T, reclaimed!) Replacement with
- R-407C (HFC),
- R-422A,
- R- 422D

17. Real and actual situation
- 31 December 2009, important datum
- In 2010 R-22 refrigerant stock is about ≈ 700 t?.
- For servicing R-22 (demand) ≈ 15- 25%, ≈ 105 -175 t/y.
- Ban on new R-22 production.
Reclaimed refrigerant isn’t enough.
≈ 40 t/y reclaimed refrigerant (all) 2010!
 more than 65-135 t/y absent, wanted !!!
But the refrigerating system is running!

18. Tendency in refrigerant policy!
What about HFCs?? Phase out?? Phase down?
Depending Fgas regulation review,
• ODP=0, reduction on GWP
1.) R-717 (NH3), R-744 (CO2), R- 290, R-600a….
2.) Phase down HFCs :
For MAC, GWP less than 150 (Aut. Air-cond.). Instead of R-134a
GWPR-134a=1300:
-HFO-1234yf (tetrafluoropropene) GWP=4 (mild flammability)
-HFO-HFC (HFO-1234ze) blend (fluoro olefine) GWP=6 (testing)
But proper use, containment and recovery, disposal, energy
efficiency TEWI

19. The best combination to reduce energy
consumption and face up to regulatory changes
Political context – The objective of the EU :
+20, -20, -20 until 2020:
- Reduction in Greenhouse gas levels -20%
- Reduce the energy consumption -20%
- Renewables in energy mix +20%

20. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

21. -előkészület menete
Ez csak nekem kell mint inf.
• - felmérés
• Hány rendszerről (körfolyamatról) van szó
• Milyen hűtőközegekről van szó
• Tisztázni a berendezések állapotát (alkotóelemenként végigmenni,
mi meddig használható még)
• Költségbecslés készíteni élettartamra eső javítási költségekről
• -mérlegelés:
• -környezetvédelmi szempontok: ODP. GWP, TEWI esetleg
büntetések
• Financiális háttér: energiafogyasztás, karbantartás, javítások
• Egészségügyi vonatkozások, biztonság
• Berendezések ártalmatlanítási költségei.
Secret recycling?? Smuggling?? Black market?? Home made??
•