ECA enfocement activities

ECA network meeting 2011
United Nations Environment Programme

Enforcement activities
in Europe & Central Asia

10-13 May 2011, Belgrade, Serbia

Halvart Koeppen, Regional Officer
halvart.koppen@unep.org
UNEP ECA webpage:
www.unep.org/ozonaction/ecanetwork/
OzonAction website:
www.unep.org/ozonaction/

Regional Ozone Network for Europe & Central Asia
Compliance Assistance Programme

Risk of illegal trade in ODS

Consumption of CFC, halon and carbon
tetrachloride must be zero from Jan 2010
Increased risk of illegal trade in countries which have
still demand
Accelerated and differentiated phase-out
schedule for HCFCs
Increased risk of illegal trade to countries which
restrict or ban HCFC imports
Increased risk of technology dumping (second hand
equipment) to developing countries
UNEP / EIA study on illegal trade in HCFCs


United Nations Environment Programme Diverging HCFC phase-out schedules

Montreal Protocol
Completed Croatia EU
Article 2 Article 5
phase-
phase-out date
countries countries
CFC (Annex A1) 1996 2010 2006 1995
Halons 1994 2010 2010 1994
CFC (Anex B1)
(Anex B1) 1996 2010 1999 1996
Carbontetrachloride 1996 2010 2010 1995
Methylchloroform 1996 2015 2010 1996
HCFC 2020
202 2030
203 2016 2010
HBFC 1996 1996 1999 1996
Bromochlormethane 2002 2002 2002 2002
Methylbromide 2005 2015 2006 2005


ECA enforcement network – key activities

Enforcement network meetings / Green Customs
Informal Prior Informed Consent (iPIC)
Desk study on data discrepancies (OS)
Trade between Parties & non-Parties (OS)
Trade with recycled substances (Russia)
ECA Ozone Award for Customs & Enforcement
Officers
Cooperation
Focal points
Awareness

Regional Ozone Network for ECA

ECA enforcement network meeting in Budapest,
Hungary, 12-14 October 2009


ECA enforcement network meeting in
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, 13-15 October 2010


Informal Prior Informed Consent

iPIC info sheets
Updated format
– Registered importers & exporters
– Trade restrictions and bans
– Focal point contacts

Participation
75 countries including major trade partners
– 21 countries to submit updated iPIC sheets
12 out of 19 ECA / CEIT countries
– KAZ, MNE, UZB to submit updated iPIC sheets
– Invited: BEL, BiH, GEO, MDN, RUS, TUR, UKR



iPIC brochure
Statistics & case studies
English / Russian

2009 statistics
38 consultations recorded
11 shipments rejected

2010 statistics
111 consultations recorded
28 unwanted shipments prevented (25%)



2010 CFC Ha- CTC MB HBFC HCFC HFC R502 Total
lon
Approved 4 6 13 30 1 58
2 2
Rejected 2 1 3 19 28
2 1
No reply 1 5 16 1 25
1 1
Requests
7 5 8 21 2 65 1 2 111



Serbia will present:
Serbia / China consultation (April 2011): HCFC-22
Serbia / EU (Germany) consultation (March 2011): CTC
EU (Germany) / Serbia consultation (Jan 2011): CTC
Serbia / Bosnia & H. consultation (Jan 2011): CTC
Serbia / EU (Slovenia) consultation (Nov 2010 2011):
HCFC-22 / RED-TEK 22a

Russia will present:
Russia / China consultation via UNEP (Feb 2011):
Allegedly recycled CFC-12
China / Russia consultation via UNEP (Jan 2011):
HCFC-141b


EU (Denmark) / China consultation (April 2011):
EU informs on potential trade of 300 kg HCFC-22
without import license
EU requests China not to issue an export license
China did not receive an application and agreed not to
issue any export license until the EU has issued an
import license


ECA Ozone Protection Award 2010 for
Customs & Enforcement Officers

Gold and silver
medals for:

– Armenia
– China
– Croatia
– European Union
– Kazakhstan
– Kyrgyzstan
– Russian Federation
– Serbia



• Hundreds of tonnes of
virgin CFC illegally traded
and mis-declared as
recycled substance in
2007-2009

• Verify proof of origin and
certificate of quality with
the Montreal Protocol
focal point of the
exporting country.
False document certifying
that CFCs are recycled


• Hundred second hand
CFC refrigerators from
Germany seized in Central
Asia
• Their export from the EU
is illegal and most
countries in the ECA region
have banned their import.
• No trade licenses should be
issued and any shipment
Seized second hand CFC
of second hand
refrigerators from EU
equipment should be
considered suspicious


• Labelling of refrigerant
cylinders as “Replace for
…” without indicating
the actual contents
• “Replace for 134a” actually
contained CFC-12
• “Replace for 502” in fact “Replace for …”
contained R502
• National legislation should
require mandatory
labelling of chemical
contents


• Mislabelling was detected during the practical
exercise of using refrigerant identifiers
• CFC-12 cylinder contained 16% CFC-12, 62%
HCFC-22, 19% HFC-134a and 3% hydrocarbon.
• HFC-134a cylinder contained 100% CFC-12.
• Customs Officers
(wholesalers,
end-users) should
use refrigerant
identifiers


• Seizure of HFCs which do not deplete the ozone
layer but contribute to global warming
• Lack of shipment papers and importer was not
registered as required by national law
• Note:
Controlled
ODS can be
mislabelled as
HFC and thus
HFC shipments
are suspicious

Established cooperation & partnerships

World Customs Organization
Sky-Hole-Patching II
e-learning modules on Montreal Protocol (English
& Russian) & Green Customs (English)
Harmonised System (HS) codes
Etc.

RILO CIS and RILO ECE
Joint side events during ministerial conferences
Quality review of Russian e-learning module
Russian translation of EIA confidential briefing
Etc.

Established cooperation & partnerships

Environmental Investigation Agency
Joint side event during OEWG in Geneva
Sharing of intelligence information
Etc.

Green Customs
Back-to-back regional GC workshops
GC seminar for SECI Environment Task Force
Green Customs Guide (English & Russian)
Etc.


New cooperation & partnerships

South European Cooperation Initiative (SECI)
Participation in ECA enforcement network meeting
Green Customs seminar for SECI Environment TF
Etc.

Org. for Security & Coop. in Europe (OSCE)
Participation in ECA enforcement network meeting
Participation in OSCE training of trainers in Kiev
Etc.


New cooperation & partnerships

UN Conf. on Trade & Development (UNCTAD)
Participation ECA enforcement network meeting
Offer to pilot ASECUDA risk management system for
ozone-depleting substances
Etc.

Customs focal points for Montreal Protocol
Designated: ALB, ARM, AZB, BiH, CRO, KYR, MDN,
MOL, RUS, SER, TAJ, TKM, UZB
Invited: BEL, GEO, MNE, TUR, KAZ, UKR
Etc.

2012 revision of HS codes
2903 Halogenated derivates of hydrocarbons

Unchanged
2903.14 Tetrachlormethane or carbon tetrachloride
2903.19 1,1,1-trichloroethane or methylchloroform
2903.39 Methyl bromide
Deleted
2903.4 - 69 Halogenated derivatives of acyclic hydrocarbons
containing two or more different halogens
New HS codes for HCFCs (before grouped under 2903.49)
2903.71 Chlorodifluoromethane: HCFC-22
2903.72 Dichlorotrifluoroethanes: HCFC-123
2903.73 Dichlorofluoroethanes: HCFC-141, 141b
2903.74 Chlorodifluoroethanes: HCFC-142, 142b
2903.75 Dichloropentafluoropropanes: HCFC-225/225ca/225cb


2903 Halogenated derivates of hydrocarbons

New HS code for halons (before 4903.46)
2903.76 Bromochlorodifluoromethane or halon 1211
2903.76 Bromotrifluoromethane or halon 1301
2903.76 Dibromotetrafluoroethane or halon 2402
New HS code for other derivates of acrylic hydrocarobons
perhalogenated only with fluorine and chlorine
2903.77 CFC-11 (before 2903.41)
2903.77 CFC-12 (before 2903.42)
2903.77 CFC-113 (before 2903.43)
2903.77 CFC-114 before 2903.44)
2903.77 CFC-115 (before 2903.44)
2903.77 CFC-13/111/112/211/212/213/214/215/217/217
(before 2903.45)
2903.78 Other perhalogenated derivatives
2903.79 Other


3824.7 Mixtures containing halogenated derivatives of
methane, ethane or propane (no change):
3824.71 Containing CFCs, whether or not containing HCFCs,
PFCs or HFCs
3824.72 Containing bromochlorodifluoromethane,
bromotrifluoromethane or dibromotetrafluoroethanes
3824.73 Containing HBFCs
3824.74 Containing HCFCs, whether or not containing PFCs
or HFCs, but not containing CFCs
3824.75 Containing carbon tetrachloride
3824.76 Containing 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)
3824.77 Containing bromomethane (methyl bromide) or
bromochloromethane
3824.78 Containing PFCs or HFCs, but not containing CFCs
or HCFCs
3824.79 Other


WCO / UNEP global operation on ODS
Period: 3 May to 2 Nov. 2010 (six months)
WCO’s 11 Regional Intelligence Liaison Offices
RILO AP as Operational Coordination Unit (OCU)
National Ozone Units (NOUs)
UNEP and its Regional Offices
Customs Services from 80 countries:
– Asia Pacific: 34
– Europe & Central Asia (including EU): 23
– Africa: 20
– South America: 3
– North America: None


Reported seizures globally:
27 seizures
6087 cylinders
108 tons ODS
668 pieces of equipment

Reported seizures in ECA (including EU)
15 seizures (56% of total)
1833 cylinders (30% of total)
45 metric tons ODS (42% of total)
498 pieces of equipment (75% of total)


Preliminary seizure summary
Reporting No of No of No of
ODS seizure ODS in kg
country cases containers equipment
Armenia 1 R502 15 240 0
China 1 R12 1140 15504 0
France 1 Unknown 1760 44000 0
Gambia 1 R22 12 192 0
Hongkong 1 R12 100 1600 0
Croatia 1 R134A 10 160 0
India 3 R22 & R22 mixture 1139 18224 170
Kenia 1 R12 37 592 0
Poland 1 R22 2 14 0
Sweden 7 R12, R134a, R600A 0 0 472
Thailand 4 R12, R22 1766 25286 0
R12, R22, R134a,
Uzbekistan 4 46 736 26
R600a
Bahrain 1 R12, R22 60 960 0
Total 27 6087 107508 668

Summary

• There is remaining illegal trade in banned ODS (CFC, halon,
CTC) and increasingly in restricted substances e.g. HCFCs
• Encourage your Customs colleagues to participate in ECA
Ozone Protection Award 2011 for Customs & Enforcement
Officer (July 2010 – June 2011)
• Watch out for ODS labelled as recycled substance, ODS
alternatives e.g. HFCs or
• Inform your Customs colleagues on new 2012 HS codes for
ODS and the existing ones for ODS mixtures
• Establish contact with the designated Customs focal points for
the Montreal Protocol.
• Encourage use of WCO e-learning modules on Montreal
Protocol, CITES, Green Customs
• Include Montreal Protocol and Green Customs in training
curricula and publications


Future enforcement activities

No ECA Customs Cooperation Network
No regional enforcement meeting ?
No back-to-back Green Customs meeting ?
ECA network
iPIC & data discrepancies
Customs focal points
ECA Ozone Protection Award
Cooperation with regional partners
Additional needs ?
Regional meeting of Customs & Ozone Officers ?
China – Russia dialog (jointly UNIDO / UNEP)
Other needs ?

Enforcement activities

Additional materials



Four seizures of R12, R22,
R134a, R600a by Uzbek
Customs in 2010 – in total 46
cylinders and 0,7 metric tons


0,65 tons in 48 cylinders of R12 seized by Royal Thai
Customs on 6 May 2010 – some labeled as R134a


12 cylinders of R12 seized by Gambian Customs on
4 June 2010, together with over 2 tons of cocaine


15 tons in 1140 cylinders of R12 seized by China
Customs at Huangpu on 25 June 2010


8.9 tons in 528 cylinders of R12 and R22 seized by
Royal Thai Customs on 4 August 2010


100 cylinders R12 seized by
Hong Kong Customs on 2 Sept.
2010

Desk study on data discrepancies


ECA desk study on data discrepancies

Scenario I: Imports reported by importing Party are
higher that exports reported by exporting Parties
Exporting country did not report exports
Action: Import county to remind export country to report
destination of exports

Scenario II: Imports reported by importing Party are
lower that exports reported by exporting Parties
Potential mis-declaration of destination country or re-export
Potential error in reported imports (compliance relevant)
Potential illegal trade
Action: Import country to check
data with export country


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