1. Free Software Movement and Open Source Communities GPA 1035 Prepared and Presented by Dr. Haggen So Released under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong Licence

3. History of Software (1)

4. Early Hacker Culture MIT AI Lab CTSS (Compatible Time-sharing System) vs ITS (Incompatible Time-sharing System)

6. Early Hacker Culture All information should be free

7. Early Hacker Culture Mistrust Authority-Promote Decentralization

8. Early Hacker Culture Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not bogus criteria such as degrees, age, race or position

9. Early Hacker Culture You can create art and beauty on a computer

10. Early Hacker Culture Computers can change your life for the better

11. Richard M. Stallman

12. Apple ][+ Clone

19. Android

20. Android

21. Linus Torvalds and the Penguin

22. What book changes your life?

24. Eric Raymond the Cathedral and the Bazaar Open Source

26. The Cathedral and the Bazaar, Open Source 2 forces Brooks's Law vs Egoless Programming

27. Linus's Law "Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow."

28. Motivations Scratch one's itch ego-boosting for difficult tasks

29. Community Formation Metiocracy Forking

30. Diversity and Conflicts between Free Software and Open Source

36. Open source is an intellectual-property destroyer ... I can't imagine something that could be worse than this for the software business and the intellectual-property business. I'm an American; I believe in the American way. Allchin in 2001:

37. Linux is a cancer that attaches itself in an intellectual property sense to everything it touches Ballmer(2001) on GPL:

41. Image Credits Ferdi (2006) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Honeywell-Bull_DPS_7_Mainframe_BWW_March_1990.jpg, released under Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 3.0 Licence. http://www.stallman.org/saintignucius.jpg, released under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Derivative 3.0 Licence.

42. Image Credits A-giâu (2005) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Taiwanese_Apple_II_clone_Cosmo.jpg, released under Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 3.0 Licence. laihiu (2009) http://www.flickr.com/photos/laihiu/3799300943/in/set-72157621976446710/, released under Creative Commons Attribution Attribution 2.0 Licence.

43. Image Credits Android Open Source project (2009) http://developer.android.com/images/system-architecture.jpg, released under Apache 2.0. Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason (2004) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Linus_Torvalds.jpeg, released under Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 3.0 Licence.

44. Image Credits Larry Ewing <lewing@isc.tamu.edu>, http://www.isc.tamu.edu/~lewing/linux/ using the GIMP. Russ Nelson (2005) File:Esr.jpg http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Esr.jpg.

45. Associated Press. (2004). &quot;Diebold to Settle E-Voting Suit.&quot; Wired Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2004/11/65674. Baker, M. (2006). The Mozilla Project:Past and Future. Open Sources 2.0:The Continuing Evolution. C. DiBona, D. Cooper and M. Stone. Sebastopol, California, O'Reilly. Brooks, F. P. (1995). The mythical man-month : essays on software engineering. Reading, Mass., Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. Castro, J. (2004). &quot;Ars Technica sits down with Scott Collins from Mozilla.org.&quot; Retrieved 26 Jun, 2004, from http://arstechnica.com/etc/linux/collins-interview-1.html. Corbet, J. (2007). &quot;Who wrote 2.6.20?&quot; LWN Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://lwn.net/Articles/222773/. Dotzler, A. (2009, 27 Sep 2009). &quot;firefox breaks 24%.&quot; Mozillazine Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://weblogs.mozillazine.org/asa/archives/2009/09/firefox_breaks_24.html. Dugan, S. (2000). &quot;Defanging Carnivore:A security specialist explains why his open-source version of the FBI's snooping technology is a victory for privacy fans.&quot; The Salon Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://www.salon.com/tech/view/2000/09/25/robert_graham/. Free Software Foundation. (2000). &quot;What is Free Software?&quot; Retrieved 21 Jun 2000, from http://www.fsf.org/philosophy/free-sw.html. References

46. Greene, T. C. (2001). &quot;Ballmer: &quot;Linux is a cancer&quot; Contaminates all other software with Hippie GPL rubbish.&quot; The Register Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://www.theregister.co.uk/2001/06/02/ballmer_linux_is_a_cancer/. Heilemann, J. (2000). &quot;The Truth, The Whole Truth, and Nothing But The Truth.&quot; Wired Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.11/microsoft.html. Japan, M. (2007). &quot;The History of Firefox and Mozilla: The story of browsers dating back to the dawn of the Web.&quot; Retrieved 6 Oct, 2009, from http://www.foxkeh.com/downloads/history/history-foxkeh.pdf. Kelty, C. M. (2000). Scale and Convention: Programmed Languages in a Regulated America, Mass. Institute of Technology. Leonard, A. (2001). &quot;Life, liberty and the pursuit of free software.&quot; The Salon Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://archive.salon.com/tech/log/2001/02/15/unamerican/. Levy, S. (1984). Hackers: Heroes of The Computer Revolution. Garden City, New York, Anchor Press/Doubleday. Lucas, G. (2004). &quot;State bans electronic balloting in 4 counties:Touch-screen firm accused of 'reprehensible,' illegal conduct.&quot; San Francisco Chronicle Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2004/05/01/MNG036EAF91.DTL. References

47. Open Source Initiative. (2003). &quot;The Open Source Definition.&quot; Retrieved 30 Jan, 2003, from http://www.opensource.org/docs/definition.php. Raymond, E. S. (2000). &quot;The Cathedral and the Bazaar.&quot; Retrieved 30 May, 2000, from http://www.tuxedo.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar.html. Raymond, E. S. (2000). &quot;Homesteading the Noosphere.&quot;. Retrieved 22 Dec, 2000, from http://www.tuxedo.org/~esr/writings/homesteading/homesteading/. Torvalds, L. and D. Diamond (2001). Just for Fun: The Story of an Accidental Revolutionary. New York, TEXERE. Weinberg, G. M. (1971). The psychology of computer programming. New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold. Williams, S. (2002). Free as in Freedom:Richard Stallman's Crusade for Free Software. Sebastopol, California, O'Reilly Media. Zetter, K. (2003). &quot;Aussies Do It Right: E-Voting.&quot; Wired Retrieved 4 Nov, 2003, from http://www.wired.com/news/print/0,1294,61045,00.html. Zetter, K. (2004). &quot;Diebold May Face Criminal Charges.&quot; Wired Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2004/04/63191. Zetter, K. (2009). &quot;Voting Machine Company Agrees to Hand Over Source Code.&quot; Wired Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2009/06/voting-machine-company-agrees-to-hand-over-source-code/. 小兔黑黑 . (2008). &quot; 微軟 － 創意的破壞者 .&quot; InMediaHK Retrieved 10 Oct, 2009, from http://www.inmediahk.net/node/1000762. References