Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Web

Chapter 2 The Internet and World Wide Web

Chapter 2 Objectives Discuss how the Internet works Understand ways to access the Internet Identify a URL Know how to search for information on the Web Describe the types of Web pages Define Webcasting Describe the uses of electronic commerce (e-commerce) Identify the tools required for Web publishing Explain how e-mail, FTP, newsgroups and message boards, mailing lists, chat rooms and instant messaging work Identify the rules of netiquette Recognize how Web pages use graphics, animation,audio, video, and virtual reality p. 2.2 Next

The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.2 Next

The Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.2 Next

The Internet ,[object Object],p. 2.3 Fig. 2-1 message board instant messaging file transfer e-mail Web chat Next

History of the Internet ,[object Object],p. 2.3 Goal: To function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed Became functional in September 1969 Goal: To allow scientists at different locations to share information and work together on military and scientific projects ARPANET Networking project by Pentagon’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) Next

History of the Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],University of California at Los Angeles University of California at Santa Barbara University of Utah Stanford Research Institute p. 2.4 Next

History of the Internet ,[object Object],p. 2.4 Today More than 100 million host nodes 1984 More than 1,000 host nodes 1969 Four host nodes Next

History of the Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.4 NSFnet ARPANET The Internet Next

History of the Internet ,[object Object],p. 2.4 Government Cable companies Satellite companies Telephone companies Networks from corporations, commercial firms, and other companies Next

History of the Internet ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.4 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Technology Trailblazer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Tim Berners-Lee p. 2.4 Next

How the Internet Works ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.5 Regional ISP Provides access to the Internet through one or more telephone numbers local to a specific geographic location National ISP Provides local telephone numbers in most major cities and towns nationwide May also provide a toll-free number Next

How the Internet Works ,[object Object],p. 2.5 An access point on the Internet Accessed by dialing a telephone number Select a service provider with at least one local POP telephone number Next

How the Internet Works ,[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Service Providers p. 2.5 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Company on the Cutting Edge ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click AOL ,[object Object],p. 2.6 Next

[object Object],How the Internet Works 1 Regional Internet Service Provider’s POP 2 National Internet Service Provider’s POP 3 Online Service’s Local POP Online Service (special members-only content) 4 Wireless Internet Service Provider p. 2.5 Fig. 2-2 1 local call long-distance call 1 2 local call local call long-distance call toll-free call 1 2 3 local call local call local call long-distance call toll-free call 4 1 2 3 local call local call local call local call long-distance call toll-free call Next

How the Internet Works ,[object Object],p. 2.6 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

How the Internet Works ,[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Internet Backbone p. 2.6 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

[object Object],How the Internet Works 1: You initiate an action to request data from the Internet. 2: A modem converts the digital signals from the computer into analog signals, which are understood by telephone lines. 3: Data (request) travels through telephone lines to a local ISP. 4: Data may pass through one or more routers before reaching its final destination. 5: The regional ISP uses lines, leased from a telephone company, to send data to a national ISP. 6: The national ISP routes data across the country to another national ISP. 7: Data moves from a national ISP to a local ISP and then to a destination server. 8: The server retrieves the requested data and sends it back through the Internet backbone to your computer. p. 2.7 Fig. 2-3 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Regional ISP Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Regional ISP National ISP Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Regional ISP National ISP National ISP Internet backbone Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Regional ISP Local ISP National ISP National ISP Internet backbone Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Regional ISP Local ISP National ISP National ISP Internet backbone Next

How the Internet Works ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IP address p. 2.8 Fig. 2-4 199.95.72.10 first part identifies network last part identifies specific computer Next

How the Internet Works ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IP address 199.95.72.10 Domain name p. 2.8 Fig. 2-4 www.scsite.com Next

How the Internet Works ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.8 Fig. 2-5 Next

How the Internet Works ,[object Object],p. 2.8 Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) Group that assigns and controls TLDs Domain name system (DNS) System on the Internet that stores the domain names and their corresponding IP addresses DNS server Translates the domain name into its associated IP address Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.9 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.9 Fig. 2-6 Next

[object Object],The World Wide Web 1 Double-click an icon on the desktop, such as Internet Explorer, to start your browser. 2 If you are not connected to the Internet already, your computer attempts to establish a connection with a service provider. If necessary, click the Connect button. 3 Connection to the Internet occurs and a home page displays. Shown here is an AOL home page. Your home page may vary. p. 2.10 Fig. 2-7 Step 1 Internet Explorer icon Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.10 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],p. 2.11 The process of receiving information, such as a Web page, onto your computer from a server on the Internet Can take from a few seconds to several minutes You can speed up the display of pages by turning off the graphics and displaying only text in most Web browsers Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.11 Fig. 2-8 Microbrowser for a Web-enabled handheld computer Microbrowser for a Web-enabled cellular telephone Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view animation p. 2.12 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.12 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],p. 2.12 Fig. 2-9 pointer Some links display a different color when you point to them. Click the link to display its associated Web site or Web page. pointer Some links are underlined. Click the link to display the associated Web site or Web page. pointer Some links are graphical images. Click the link to display its associated Web site or Web page. Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.12 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.13 Fig. 2-10 http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html address text box Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click URLs p. 2.13 Fig. 2-10 protocol domain name path http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.13 Fig. 2-10 http://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/index.html Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view video p. 2.14 Search text A word or phrase entered in the search engine’s text box Also called keywords Spider A program that reads pages on Web sites in order to find Web pages that contain the search text Also called a crawler or bot Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.14 Fig. 2-11 hit 363 hits Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],p. 2.15 Fig. 2-12 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.15 Fig. 2-13 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],p. 2.16 advocacy Web page informational Web page business/marketing Web page news Web page personal Web page portal Web page Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14a Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14b Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14c Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14d Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.16 Fig. 2-14e Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],p. 2.17 maps stock quotes reference tools sports and weather search engine local , national, and worldwide news free personal Web pages e-mail instant messaging calendars shopping malls and auctions newsgroups or message boards chat rooms Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.17 newsgroup or message board e-mail online photo albums chat room Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.17 Next

Company on the Cutting Edge ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Yahoo! ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.17 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.17 Fig. 2-14f Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.18 virtual reality graphics audio animation video Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],p. 2.18 Fig. 2-16 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],p. 2.19 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.19 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],* * * * * * * add * * * * add inte * * * * add interest * * * * add interest with * * * * add interest with anim * * * * add interest with animation * * * * add interest with animation * * * * * * * add interest with animation * * * * add interest with animation * * * * interest with animation * * * * rest with animation * * * * with animation * * * * animation * * * * tion * * * * * * * * p. 2.19 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click icon to hear audio clip. Press the Esc key to cancel. music speech other sound p. 2.20 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.20 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click MP3 p. 2.20 Fig. 2-18 plays music stored on CD plays music stored on clik! disk plays music stored on CD Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Streaming Media p. 2.21 Fig. 2-19 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],video p. 2.22 Fig. 2-20 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],p. 2.22 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Web cam p. 2.22 Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],p. 2.23 Fig. 2-22 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ticker tape pushed to desktop from Microsoft Investor Web site Next

The World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.23 ticker tape pushed to desktop from Microsoft Investor Web site Next

Electronic Commerce ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.24 Fig. 2-23 Next

Electronic Commerce ,[object Object],p. 2.25 Business to consumer (B-to-C or b2C) Sale of goods to the general public Consumer to consumer (C-to-C or C2C) One consumer sells directly to another Business to business (B-to-B or B2B) Businesses providing goods and services to other businesses Next

Electronic Commerce ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click E-Commerce p. 2.25 Next

Technology Trailblazer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Masayoshi Son ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.25 Next

Web Publishing ,[object Object],[object Object],1 Plan: Think about issues that could affect the design of the Web site. 2 Analyze and Design: Sketch a design of the Web page on paper. 3 Create: Create the Web site in a software package such as word processing. 4 Deploy: Copy (upload) the Web site from your hard disk to a Web server. 5 Maintain: Visit and revise your Web site regularly to be sure it is working and current. p. 2.26 Fig. 2-24 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Next

Web Publishing ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.26 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Web Publishing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Plug-ins p. 2.28 Fig. 2-25 Next

Web Publishing ,[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Web Publishing p. 2.29 Upload, or copy, the site to the Web server ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Web Publishing ,[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Submission Services p. 2.29 Apply to an official registrar for a specific domain name ,[object Object],[object Object],Webmaster Individual responsible for maintaining a Web site and developing Web pages Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click E-mail p. 2.31 create receive store print send forward delete Next

[object Object],Other Internet Services 1 Start an e-mail program and point to the New Mail Message button 2 Click the New Mail Message button to display the Message window 3 Enter the recipient’s e-mail address, the subject, and the message in the Message window 4 Click the Insert File button to attach a JPG file containing a picture to the message. Locate the file on your hard disk and click its name. An icon for the file displays. Click the Send button to send the message. 5 When Sally receives the e-mail message, she opens the JPG file to view the picture. p. 2.30 Fig. 2-26 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.31 Fig. 2-27 user name or user-ID A unique combination of characters that identifies you at domain name Identifies the mail server Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.33 mail server The server that contains the mailboxes address book Allows you to store a list of names and e-mail addresses mailbox Storage location usually residing on the computer that connects you to the Internet Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.32 Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],1 Using e-mail software, you create and send a message. 2 Your software contacts software on your service provider’s mail server. 3 Software on the mail server determines the best route for the data and sends the message, which travels along Internet routers to the recipient’s mail server. 4 The mail server transfers the message to a POP3 server. 5 When the recipient uses e-mail software to check for e-mail messages, the message transfers from the POP3 server to the recipient’s computer. p. 2.32 Fig. 2-28 Step 1 Step 1 Step 2 mail server Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Internet routers mail server mail server Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Internet routers mail server mail server POP server Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Internet routers mail server mail server POP server Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.33 Fig. 2-29 file download window Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],p. 2.33 FTP server A computer that allows users to upload and download files using FTP FTP site A collection of files that reside on an FTP server anonymous FTP Anyone can transfer some, if not all, available files Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.33 Usenet The entire collection of Internet newsgroups news server A computer that stores and distributes newsgroup messages Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.33 article A previously entered message post Add an article to a news group thread Also called threaded discussion The original article and all subsequent related replies Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Newsgroups and Message Boards ,[object Object],p. 2.34 Fig. 2-30 Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],p. 2.34 Fig. 2-31 Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Chat Rooms ,[object Object],p. 2.35 Fig. 2-32 Next

Technology Trailblazer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Lavonne Luquis p. 2.35 Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view Web Link then click Instant Messaging p. 2.36 Fig. 2-33 message sent from Karen to Katy Karen’s message immediately displays on Katy’s computer screen because she is online Katy’s response to Karen Next

Other Internet Services ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Netiquette Golden Rule: Treat others as you would like them to treat you . ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2. Read the FAQ (frequently asked questions) 3. Use your user name for your personal use only 4. Do not assume material is accurate or up to date 5. Never read someone’s private e-mail ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Click to view video p. 2.37 Fig. 2-34 Next

Summary of the Internet and World Wide Web ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Next

Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Web

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Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Web