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Schizophrenia
1.
2. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder, mainly specified as
the inability to maintain a normal thought process
(distinguishing between reality, fantasy and
perception), along with a lack of normal emotional
responses (laughing, crying, etc.)
Around 50 million people worldwide are diagnosed
with Schizophrenia.
3. Typical symptoms of Schizophrenia include:
- Auditory Hallucinations (hearing voices)
- Paranoid or bizarre delusions
- Disorganized speech and thinking
4. Paranoid type
Disorganized type
Catatonic type
Undifferentiated type
Residual type
5. Two or more from the following symptoms to be
present in the duration of one month or less.
Social or occupational dysfunction.
Significant duration
6. Paranoid schizophrenia is the most common type of
schizophrenia in most parts of the world. The clinical
picture is dominated by relatively stable, often
paranoid, delusions, usually accompanied by
hallucinations, particularly of the auditory variety, and
perceptual disturbances. Disturbances of affect,
volition, and speech, and catatonic symptoms, are not
prominent.
7. Examples of the most common paranoid symptoms
are:
delusions of persecution, reference, exalted birth,
special mission, bodily change, or jealousy;
hallucinatory voices that threaten the patient or give
commands, or auditory hallucinations without verbal
form, such as whistling, humming, or laughing;
hallucinations of smell or taste, or of sexual or other
bodily sensations; visual hallucinations may occur but
are rarely predominant.
8. Thought disorder may be obvious in acute states, but
if so it does not prevent the typical delusions or
hallucinations from being described clearly. Affect is
usually less blunted than in other varieties of
schizophrenia, but a minor degree of incongruity is
common, as are mood disturbances such as irritability,
sudden anger, fearfulness, and suspicion. "Negative"
symptoms such as blunting of affect and impaired
volition are often present but do not dominate the
clinical picture.
