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Navajo Code Talkers




    Nathan Mykut
Philip Johnston
• The idea to first use the Navajo’s in WWII came from
  Johnston.
• He was the son of a missionary to the Navajos and he was also
  one of the few non-Navajos who spoke their language
  fluently.
• Johnston was a WWI veteran who new about the military’s
  need for a code for WWII that could not be deciphered if
  tried.
• He also knew that Native American Languages were used in
  WWI to create and send messages.
But why the Navajo languauge..

• The Navajo language is an unwritten one with no alphabet or
  symbols and was only spoken on Navajo lands in the United
  States.
• Its syntax and tonal qualities made it very hard to
  comprehend without lots of exposure and practice with the
  language.
• It was also said that less than 30 non-Navajo’s could
  understand the language when WWII occurred and none were
  of Japanese decent.
• Also the Navajo’s themselves could encode, transmit, and
  decode a three lined English message in 20 seconds and
  machines of the time required at least 30 minutes to perform
  the same task.
Navajo language is accepted into WWII
• In 1942 Johnston met with Major General
  Clayton B. Vogel to try to convince him to use
  the language.
• After he was convinced, due to many
  extremities of the language Vogel
  recommended to the Marines to recruit 200
  Navajo’s for the war.
Navajo’s attend boot camp

• Soon after in May of 1942, 29 Navajo soldiers
  attended boot camp.
• They attended camp at Camp Pendleton, Oceanside,
  California.
Navajo’s at boot camp


• Here the first group created the Navajo code.
• By doing this they developed a dictionary and
  many different words for military terms.
• Before being sent to the Pacific theater, a
  Navajo had to memorize the dictionary and
  complete his training.
Navajo duties in war




• The code talkers’ main job was to send and receive,
  information on key military troop movements,
  orders, and other important battlefield situations
  over telephones and radios.
• They also performed general Marine duties.
Iwo Jima

• The code talkers played a key role in the Capture of Iwo Jima.
• The code talkers here transmitted over 800 errorless
  messages which helped the Marines capture the island.
• Also the entire operation to capture the island was directed
  through orders that the Navajos would receive and send.
• It was said by Major Howard Connor, 5th Marines signal
  officer, “Were it not for the Navajos, the Marines would never
  have taken Iwo Jima.”
Japanese input on the code talkers

• It was said that the Japanese were skilled code
  breakers.
• The Japanese were never able to brake the
  code used by the Navajos.
• However, they were able to decipher the
  codes that the U.S. Army and Army Air Corps
  used during the war.
Facts of the Navajo
• In 1945, about 520 Navajos served in the Marines.
• Around 375-420 of these became code talkers.
• The remaining served in the war in other ways.
• The code talkers were credited with saving countless
  number of lives through their work.
• Also the code talkers served in all six Marine divisions
  from 1942-1945.
Navajo recognition
• On June 28, 1969, the Navajo Code talkers received
  formal recognition.
• The Fourth Marine Division honored the code talkers
  with medallions commemorating their efforts in the
  war.
• Then on July 28, 1982 the President of the United
  States signed a measure stating that August 14 was
  “National Navajo Code Talkers Day.”
Code talkers today



• Today, the remaining Navajo Code Talkers
  make their headquarters at the Gallup-
  McKinley County Chamber of Commerce.
• The Navajo Code Talker Room is open to the
  public to view.
• Exhibits of the code talkers tell fascinating
  stories of these veterans and their work.
Works Cited
• quot;Cryptology: Navajo Code Talkers in World War II.quot; Naval History and
  Heritage Command. 07 May 2009
  <http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq61-2.htm>.
• quot;How the Navajo Code Talkers helped win World War II.quot; On the road
  travelogue based on editor who explores West in an RV motorhome. 07
  May 2009 <http://www.outwestnewspaper.com/codetalkers.html>.
• quot;Military.com Content.quot; Benefiting the US Army, US Navy, US Air Force,
  Marine Corps, Coast Guard - Military.com. 07 May 2009
  <http://www.military.com/Content/MoreContent?file=ML_billison_bkp>.
• Navajo Code Talkers. 07 May 2009 <http://www.navajocodetalkers.org/>.
• quot;NAVAJO CODE TALKERS WW2 Native American Warriors History Series
  Honoring Indian War Veterans.quot; CALIFORNIA INDIAN EDUCATION CALIE
  Educational Tribal Website of Calif Native American Indians Families
  Reservation and Urban Communities of North America USA Southern CA.
  07 May 2009
  <http://www.californiaindianeducation.org/native_american_veterans/na
  vajo_code_talkers.html>.

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Navajo Code Talkers

  • 1. Navajo Code Talkers Nathan Mykut
  • 2. Philip Johnston • The idea to first use the Navajo’s in WWII came from Johnston. • He was the son of a missionary to the Navajos and he was also one of the few non-Navajos who spoke their language fluently. • Johnston was a WWI veteran who new about the military’s need for a code for WWII that could not be deciphered if tried. • He also knew that Native American Languages were used in WWI to create and send messages.
  • 3. But why the Navajo languauge.. • The Navajo language is an unwritten one with no alphabet or symbols and was only spoken on Navajo lands in the United States. • Its syntax and tonal qualities made it very hard to comprehend without lots of exposure and practice with the language. • It was also said that less than 30 non-Navajo’s could understand the language when WWII occurred and none were of Japanese decent. • Also the Navajo’s themselves could encode, transmit, and decode a three lined English message in 20 seconds and machines of the time required at least 30 minutes to perform the same task.
  • 4. Navajo language is accepted into WWII • In 1942 Johnston met with Major General Clayton B. Vogel to try to convince him to use the language. • After he was convinced, due to many extremities of the language Vogel recommended to the Marines to recruit 200 Navajo’s for the war.
  • 5. Navajo’s attend boot camp • Soon after in May of 1942, 29 Navajo soldiers attended boot camp. • They attended camp at Camp Pendleton, Oceanside, California.
  • 6. Navajo’s at boot camp • Here the first group created the Navajo code. • By doing this they developed a dictionary and many different words for military terms. • Before being sent to the Pacific theater, a Navajo had to memorize the dictionary and complete his training.
  • 7. Navajo duties in war • The code talkers’ main job was to send and receive, information on key military troop movements, orders, and other important battlefield situations over telephones and radios. • They also performed general Marine duties.
  • 8. Iwo Jima • The code talkers played a key role in the Capture of Iwo Jima. • The code talkers here transmitted over 800 errorless messages which helped the Marines capture the island. • Also the entire operation to capture the island was directed through orders that the Navajos would receive and send. • It was said by Major Howard Connor, 5th Marines signal officer, “Were it not for the Navajos, the Marines would never have taken Iwo Jima.”
  • 9. Japanese input on the code talkers • It was said that the Japanese were skilled code breakers. • The Japanese were never able to brake the code used by the Navajos. • However, they were able to decipher the codes that the U.S. Army and Army Air Corps used during the war.
  • 10. Facts of the Navajo • In 1945, about 520 Navajos served in the Marines. • Around 375-420 of these became code talkers. • The remaining served in the war in other ways. • The code talkers were credited with saving countless number of lives through their work. • Also the code talkers served in all six Marine divisions from 1942-1945.
  • 11. Navajo recognition • On June 28, 1969, the Navajo Code talkers received formal recognition. • The Fourth Marine Division honored the code talkers with medallions commemorating their efforts in the war. • Then on July 28, 1982 the President of the United States signed a measure stating that August 14 was “National Navajo Code Talkers Day.”
  • 12. Code talkers today • Today, the remaining Navajo Code Talkers make their headquarters at the Gallup- McKinley County Chamber of Commerce. • The Navajo Code Talker Room is open to the public to view. • Exhibits of the code talkers tell fascinating stories of these veterans and their work.
  • 13. Works Cited • quot;Cryptology: Navajo Code Talkers in World War II.quot; Naval History and Heritage Command. 07 May 2009 <http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq61-2.htm>. • quot;How the Navajo Code Talkers helped win World War II.quot; On the road travelogue based on editor who explores West in an RV motorhome. 07 May 2009 <http://www.outwestnewspaper.com/codetalkers.html>. • quot;Military.com Content.quot; Benefiting the US Army, US Navy, US Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard - Military.com. 07 May 2009 <http://www.military.com/Content/MoreContent?file=ML_billison_bkp>. • Navajo Code Talkers. 07 May 2009 <http://www.navajocodetalkers.org/>. • quot;NAVAJO CODE TALKERS WW2 Native American Warriors History Series Honoring Indian War Veterans.quot; CALIFORNIA INDIAN EDUCATION CALIE Educational Tribal Website of Calif Native American Indians Families Reservation and Urban Communities of North America USA Southern CA. 07 May 2009 <http://www.californiaindianeducation.org/native_american_veterans/na vajo_code_talkers.html>.