The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) and patents in India. It defines a patent as an exclusive right granted by the government for an invention. The key requirements for a patent are that the invention must be novel, non-obvious, and useful. Patents are granted for inventions relating to a process, machine, article of manufacture, or composition of matter. Certain discoveries like scientific principles are not patentable. The term of a standard patent in India is 20 years from the date of filing.