1. The Ontario Labour Market and ITIs July 14, 2008 Funded by the Government of Ontario, Ministry of Citizenship & Immigration Presented by: Nikhat Rasheed, Employment Support Expert

4. Demographic Shifts Declining birth rate + Growing seniors population = Reduced Labour Force Growth (mitigated by immigration) Note: According to Statistics Canada, as early as 2015 a fertility rate of 1.5 children per woman - which is below the population-replacement level - will mean that the number of Canadians older than 65 will surpass the number younger than 15.

5. Projected Retirement Our retirement rates are highest within the primary sector (manufacturing, agriculture) and not in professional fields, with some exceptions like nursing.

6. Job Creation Trends Projected job creation is in professional and technical occupations, healthcare and management.

8. Educational Backgrounds Needed Projected job growth and prospects will be best for: 22% will require a university degree. 29% will require extensive post-secondary but less than university degree. 29% will require high school and/or occupation-specific training. Specialist Physicians Electronic Service Technicians (Household and Business Equipment) Customer Service, Information and Related Clerks General Practitioners and Family Physicians Respiratory Therapists, Clinical Perfusionists and Cardio-Pulmonary Technologists Dental Assistants Dentists Medical Radiation Technologists Retail Salespersons and Sales Clerks Optometrists Ambulance Attendants and Other Paramedical Occupations Food and Beverage Servers Pharmacists Paralegal and Related Occupations Truck Drivers Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists Chefs Physiotherapists Hairstylists and Barbers Occupational Therapists Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanics Registered Nurses Automotive Service Technicians, Truck Mechanics and Mechanical Repairers Secondary School Teachers Elementary School and Kindergarten Teachers Source: www.ontariojobfutures.com Social Workers

10. Immigrant Characteristics Immigration Facts 225,000 arrive annually and 60% (approx.135,000) come to Ontario. 2/3 rds are in economic class. 20% approx. are in regulated professions. 60-70% of all regulated professionals to Ontario are engineers, technicians and technologists; health, teaching , accounting and social work make up the other major groups. Selected characteristics of immigrants Canada Toronto Vancouver Montréal Calgary Ottawa-Gatineau Other CMAs % Admission class Family class immigrants 26.9 26.7 27.2 21.1 28.6 27.8 29.3 Economic class immigrants 66.7 69.9 67.8 73 62.4 62.4 55.4 Principal applicants in the economic class immigrants 37.5 38.9 34.7 47.4 32 37 31.4 Spouse and dependents in the economic class immigrants 29.2 31 33.1 25.6 30.4 25.4 24 Refugees 6 3.3 4 5.5 8.6 9.8 15.2

11. Immigrant Characteristics Immigration Facts Our immigration system was/is skewed towards professionals with high levels of education and experience. Immigrants must demonstrate language proficiency of IELTS 7.0. ON PNP Pilot (May 2007) includes skilled trades. Selected characteristics of immigrants Canada Toronto Vancouver Montréal Calgary Ottawa-Gatineau Other CMAs Other education characteristics Newcomers with at least one foreign credential 76 76.7 71.8 83.3 73.4 81 70.6 Newcomers who tried to get at least one credential checked 39 35.2 31.8 54.1 34.2 37.8 46.9 Plan to obtain further training 65.9 64.9 70.5 66.5 73.3 65.1 66.3 Ease of accessing services Difficulties accessing education and training 39.6 40.8 45.1 39.9 44.5 48.4 26.7 Difficulties entering the labour market 69.9 74.1 72.9 75.8 58.1 75.4 58.4

12. Integration? Note: Proportion of immigrants in management, business, finance, natural and applied science, health, social service, art – considered ‘professional’ occupations have reduced considerably for both men and women. Service, sales, trades, primary and manufacturing occupations have increased exponentially. Major occupation groups of immigrants before and after arriving in Canada, 2001 Occupation groups Men Women Before arriving After arriving Before arriving After arriving Number Immigrants with occupations before and after arriving in Canada 39,700 43,800 22,300 28,300 % Management occupations 12.7 4.4 8 2.6 Occupations in business, finance and administration 8.1 9.8 25.3 17.9 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 38.6 18.8 16.8 6.8 Health occupations 3.5 1.8 10 4.2 Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion 7.3 4.8 17.6 6.2 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 1.8 1.0 E 3.8 1.8 E Sales and service occupations 10.2 24.9 12.1 37.3 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 9.9 10.4 0.7 E 2.7 Occupations unique to primary industry 3.6 1.8 1.3 E 2.6 Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities 4.1 22.3 4.4 17.9 Source: Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Canada, 2001.

15. NOC Index: skills vs. occupations? Schematic prepared by Nikhat Rasheed – For illustration purposes only. NOC Index Occupational Example Licensure Type Management Engineering Manager Not specific (usually P.Eng) Skill Level A: requires university [Professions] Construction Engineer --------------------------------- Engineer in Training or Engineering Professional Require license Professional Engineer * ---------------------------------- 80% of jobs in engineering do not require licensing Skill Level B: require college diploma, certificate or apprenticeship (skill level reduces) [Support Professions] [Skilled Trades] Technicians and Technologists --------------------------------- Electrician (construction and maintenance) Require certification Certified Engineering Technologist ------------------------------------ Require certification Electrician Skill Level C: require high school or occupation-specific training [Skilled Trades] Heavy Equipment Operator May require certification or registration or not Mobile crane operator Skill Level D: on-the-job training [Semi-skilled] Public works and other labourers' No formal certification

16. NOC Index: skills vs. occupations? Schematic prepared by Nikhat Rasheed – For illustration purposes only. NOC Index Occupational Example Licensure Type Management Health Managers Not specific (depends) Skill Level A: requires university [Professions] [Allied Health Professions] Physicians and Dentists ---------------------------------- Registered Nurses, Pharmacists License ------------------------------------ Registration Pharmacist Skill Level B: require college diploma, certificate or apprenticeship (skill level reduces) [Allied Health Professions] [Allied Health Aides] Pharmacy Technician ----------------------------------- Medical Lab Technicians Personal support workers (college certificate) Certification Certified Pharmacy Technician Medical Lab Technician Personal Support Worker Skill Level C: require high school or occupation-specific training [Allied Health Aides] Health care aides None Skill Level D: on-the-job training [Semi-skilled] None None