1. Autism Spectrum Disorders
Niharika Thakkar
Child Guidance Centre and
Department of Behavioural
Sciences and Mental Health,
Sahyadri Hospitals ltd, Pune

2. Autism
 Onset
 Course
 Early Intervention
 Prevalence
 Therapies: Cognitive, social skills training,
speech and occupational therapy.
 Pediatricians, nutritionists

3. Applied Behaviour Analysis
 Reinforcement
 Punishment
 Extinction
 Frequency
 Intensity
 Duration

4. Positive
Reinforcement Punishment
Negative

5. Functional Behaviour Analysis
 Task analysis
 Chaining
 Prompting: Verbal, Visual, Gestural,
Positional, Modeling, Physical
 Fading
 Thinning a reinforcement schedule
 Generalization
 Shaping

6.  Discrete trial training
 Incidental Teaching
 Fluency Building
 Pivotal Response Training- Initiation and self
management for inclusive settings
 Aversion Therapy

7. Educational Training
 Individualized Educational Plan (IEP)
 One to one
 25 hours per week, 12 months per year
 Low student/teacher ratio
 Teacher Sensitization
 Special training for Parents
 Providing high degree of structure

8. Communication Interventions
 Verbal Behaviour
 Echoing
 Language and Communication

9. Social Interventions
 Developmental, Individual Difference,
Relationship-based (DIR)/Floortime
Model:
- build healthy and meaningful
relationships,
- Natural emotions
- Early-start Denver model
•TEACCH (Treatment and Education
of Autistic and related
Communication handicapped
Children)

10. Interpersonal Synchrony
 Imitation skills
 Turn taking
 Maintain engagement with others
 Home settings

11. Children's Friendship Training
 Response to teasing
 Social skills
 Being a sport

12. Technology Developments
 I pad
 I phones
 Eye trackers
 Brick burst