Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

1. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS  Power distance index A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which a society accepts that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally.

2. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS  Power distance index 58 Arab countries 40 Very autocratic

3. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS   Power distance index Individualism vs Collectivism 58 Arab countries INDIVIDUALISM: A national culture attribute that describes the degree to which people prefer to act as individuals rather than as members of groups. COLLECTIVISM: A national culture attribute that describes a tight social framework in which people expect others in groups of which they are a part to look after them and protect them.

4. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS   Power distance index Individualism vs Collectivism 58 Arab countries 91 17 Stress individual achievement

5. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS    Power distance index Individualism vs Collectivism Masculinity vs Femininity 58 Arab countries 17 A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which the culture favours traditional masculine work roles of achievement, power, and control. Societal values are characterized by assertiveness and materialism.

6. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS    Power distance index Individualism vs Collectivism Masculinity vs Femininity 58 45 Arab countries 62 17 Highly competitive, asserti ve, ambitious, & crave power Focus: relationships and quality of life

7. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS     Power distance index Individualism vs Collectivism Masculinity vs Femininity Uncertainty avoidance index 58 45 Arab countries 17 A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which a society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situations and tries to avoid them.

8. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS     Power distance index Individualism vs Collectivism Masculinity vs Femininity Uncertainty avoidance index 58 45 69 Arab countries 46 17 A national culture attribute that describes the extent to which a society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situations and tries to avoid them. Very emotional Implement changes step by step Few rules Feel comfortable in unstructured situations Pragmatic

9. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS     Power distance index Individualism vs Collectivism Masculinity vs Femininity Uncertainty avoidance index 58 45 69 Arab countries 46 17

10. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS      Power distance index Individualism vs Collectivism Masculinity vs Femininity Uncertainty avoidance index Long term vs short term orientation 58 45 69 Arab countries 17 LONG-TERM ORIENTATION A national culture attribute that emphasizes the future, thrift, and persistence. SHORT-TERM ORIENTATION A national culture attribute that emphasizes the past and present, respect for tradition, and fulfilment of social obligations.

11. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS      Power distance index Individualism vs Collectivism Masculinity vs Femininity Uncertainty avoidance index Long term vs short term orientation 58 45 69 87 Arab countries 29 17 LONG-TERM ORIENTATION A national culture attribute that emphasizes the future, thrift, and persistence. SHORT-TERM ORIENTATION A national culture attribute that emphasizes the past and present, respect for tradition, and fulfilment of social obligations.Attach more importance to the future Time is more related to the present and the past Respect for tradition Preservation of face Fulfilling social obligations

12. HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS      Power distance index Individualism vs Collectivism Masculinity vs Femininity Uncertainty avoidance index Long term vs short term orientation 58 45 69 87 Arab countries 29 17

Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

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